Science for sustainable development

How science accomplish sustainability development

1. Science for Sustainable Development Presented by Rugma Nair 1 st Semester BEd Physical Science PEET Memorial Training College, Mavelikkara

2. Sustainable development is the idea that human societies must live and meet their needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Specifically it is a way of organising society so that it can exist in the long term 2 3/25/2021 Add a footer

3. 3 3/25/2021 Add a footer How did the idea of sustainable development get relevant

4. Economic Crises 1907: the American banking crisis 1923: the crisis of hyperinflation 1929: the financial crisis of 1930s begins 1968: the worldwide protests against bureaucratic elites 1973 and1979: oil shocks 1982: the debt shock of developing countries 4 3/25/2021 Add a footer

5. Ecological Crises 1954: Rongelap nuclear fallout 1956: Mercury crisis of Minamata 1957: Torrey Canyon oil spill 1976: Seveso disaster 1984: Bhopal disaster 1986: Chernobyl nuclear disaster 1989: Exxon Valdez oil spill 1999: Erika disaster And most lately Covid 19 But also: Global warming, air pollution, ozone depletion, loss of biodiversity….. 5 3/25/2021 Add a footer

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7. Limits to Growth 1972, Meadows et al., commissioned by the Club of Rome, ran a computer simulation that aimed to predict the consequences of what could happen in a planet with limited resources The interactions between 5 different dimensions- world population growth , industrialisation , pollution , food production and non renewable resource depletion - were analysed, considering a scenario where these variables grew exponentially and technology’s ability to increase resources was linear The strongest ending scenario was that an economic and social collapse would happen by the end of 21 st century if man imposes no limit to growth 7 3/25/2021 Add a footer

8. 1 st UN Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development 1972 Stockholm The first big world leaders’ meeting organised by the UN to discuss the human impact on the environment and how it was related to economic development. 8 3/25/2021 Add a footer

9. HDI and Ecological Footprint HDI: Human Development Index Statistical tool that measures countries economic and social achievements It uses dimensions such as health, education, financial flows, mobility or human security among others UN Development Programme ranks countries based on HDI report every year Ecological Footprint: Maximum limit of consumption per person according to Earth’s ecological capacity Living below it wouldn’t compromise the future generations, as the planet would be able to regenerate itself. 9 3/25/2021 Add a footer

10. What these have to do with sustainable development? Ideally humankind should get to a point where at least the minimum HDI is achieved and live below maximum ecological footprint per capita Living above minimum HDI would guarantee that human needs are satisfied Living below the maximum ecological footprint per capita would guarantee that resources would be preserved for future generation But is this trend maintained? 10 3/25/2021 Add a footer

11. Earth Overshoot Day The date when humanity’s demand for ecological resources and services in a given year exceeds what Earth can regenerate in that year The remainder of the year corresponds to global overshoot Earth Overshoot Day is hosted and calculated by Global Footprint Network, an international research organisation that provides decision-makers with a menu of tools to help the human economy operate within Earth’s ecological limits 11 3/25/2021 Add a footer

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13. Brundtland Report Also known as Our Common Future In 1987 Gave the most recognised and widely accepted definition of sustainable development Sustainable development is “ the human ability to ensure that the current development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs ” 13 3/25/2021 Add a footer

14. Climate Change and Sustainable Development UN Development Programme and the World Meteorological Organisation created the International Panel on Climate Change(1988) Purpose is to develop and share the knowledge about the impact of human activities on climate change Also aims to explore the causes, consequences, and ways of fighting climate change 14 3/25/2021 Add a footer

15. Triple Bottom Line Coined in 1994 by John Elkington, the founder of a sustainability consultancy firm This expression means that companies should consider 3 different bottom lines in their businesses 15 3/25/2021 Add a footer

16. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 4 years long investigation that started in 2001 and was requested by UN Over 1200 researchers gathered to assess the consequences that ecosystems’ changes had on human well-being Finding the scientific basis for action needed to improve the conservation and sustainable use of ecosystems was a goal 16 3/25/2021 Add a footer

17. 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Adopted at the UN Sustainable development Summit on 25 September 2015 15 year plan 17 goals were adopted by all UN member states The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and improve the lives and prospects of everyone, everywhere 17 3/25/2021 Add a footer

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34. 34 3/26/2021 Add a footer What is the role of Science in Sustainable Development ?

35. 35 3/26/2021 Add a footer Science is critical to tackle complex challenges for humanity such as climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution and poverty reduction as it lays foundation for new approaches and solutions S cience and technology alone are obviously not the sole answers -- and will never be While complete solutions to urgent problems of health, agriculture, food security, and clean water, for example, might not always be available or practicable, development decisions made in the absence or ignorance of the best S&T advice available will be highly risky A sufficient base for science and technology for sustainable development must be assembled from a variety of key activities

36. Elements Where Science and Technology are Intimately Involved Building Capacity for Sustainable Development Investing in Training the Next Generation Ensuring Access to Information Strengthening the Scientific Basis of Decision-Making Informing the Public 36 3/26/2021 Add a footer

37. 37 3/26/2021 Add a footer Sustainable Agriculture T he term sustainable agriculture means an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will, over the long term: satisfy human food and fiber needs; enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agricultural economy depends; make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls; sustain the economic viability of farm operations; and enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole

38. Sustainable Energy Sustainable energy should be widely encouraged as it does not cause any harm to the environment and is available widely free of cost. All  renewable energy sources like solar ,  wind ,  geothermal ,  hydropower and ocean energy are sustainable as they are stable and available in plenty. 38 3/26/2021 Add a footer

39. Biotechnology Biotechnology promises to make a significant contribution in enabling the development of better healthcare, enhanced food security, and improved supplies of portable water, more efficient industrial development process for transforming raw material, support for sustainable development methods of afforestation and reforestation and detoxication of hazardous waste. 39 3/26/2021 Add a footer

40. 40 3/26/2021 Add a footer Biotechnology in Genetically Modified crops helps farmers to minimize yield loss from pests and grow more food Allows important non-target insects like bees, butterflies, earthworms, and ladybugs to flourish thus enhancing biodiversity Its uses also improve soil health and conserving tillage A drought resistant crop prevents the use of extensive irrigation and conserves our water resource It also decreases the use of harmful fertilizers thereby helps to mitigate nutrient pollution Production of biofuels Pollution control by genetic engineering

41. Green Chemistry Green chemistry, which was established about two decades ago, has attracted much attention   It is the utilization of a set of principles to reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and applications of chemical products A multidisciplinary field and covers areas such as synthesis, solvents, catalysis, raw materials, products and efficient processes 41 3/26/2021 Add a footer

42. Sustainable Mobility Natural Gas engines, electric cars, hydrogen engines and fuel cell engines can all play a role in eliminating motor vehicle emissions Telematics can enable traffic to move more efficiently Information and communication technologies can eliminate the need for physical transport in some areas 42 3/26/2021 Add a footer

43. Sustainable Infrastructure S ustainable infrastructure can refer to ‘green’ or ‘smart’ buildings I t can encompass a wide range of initiatives with a specific focus on energy, water and land management; green areas; smart technology and the use of sustainable, durable building materials It can also refer to existing infrastructure which is retrofitted, rehabilitated, redesigned and reused 43 3/26/2021 Add a footer

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45. 45 3/26/2021 Add a footer This means, apart from the policy makers, leaders, scientists, ecologists, entrepreneurs, its WE, the people who are the most important factor in a sustainable development path

46. References https://youmatter.world/en/definition/definitions-sustainable-development-sustainability/#:~:text=Sustainable%20development%20is%20the%20idea,the%20Brundtland%20Report%20in%201987. https://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/sustainable-agriculture-d https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/oes/rls/rm/2002/8496.htm definitions-and-terms https://www.overshootday.org/newsroom/past-earth-overshoot-days/ www.in.undp.org https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/sustainableenergy.php https://biotechtimes.org/2017/07/01/biotechnology-towards-sustainable-development/ https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article/2/3/255/1426609 https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/sustainable-development Instructional Strategies and Techniques in Science Education by Dr.Mariamma Mathew 46 3/26/2021 Add a footer

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