SCIENCE Q1W5-G4.pptx.DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

SCIENCE

1. Materials and Their Uses Science 4 Quarter 1-Week 5

2. MELCS Describe changes in properties of materials when exposed to certain changes in temperature, such as changes when wood or coal are burned.

3. DAY 1

4. Determine whether the following statements is an example of physical or chemical change. 1. You tear a piece of paper into small pieces. 2. Water boils on the stove and turns into steam. 3. Iron nails left outside begin to rust. 4. Mixing vinegar and baking soda together causes fizzing and bubbling. 5. Ice cubes melt in a glass of water.

5. 6. A candle burns and produces heat and light. 7. Cutting vegetables into small pieces for a salad. 8. Mixing salt into a glass of water until it dissolves completely. 9. Wood is burned in a campfire and turns into ashes. 10.Milk curdles after adding lemon juice.

6. Last week you learned that matters undergo various changes when exposed to changes in temperature, which can be classified as either physical change or chemical change. In the next phase of the lesson, you will be able to know and understand how some changes in matters can have harmful effects on us humans and our environments. You will also be learning how we can minimize the harmful effects of these changes and how to properly handle reactive materials.

7. Unscramble Word Game Meaning: It is the natural home or environment of a plant, animal, or other organism. It provides the organisms that live there with food, water, shelter, and space to survive. Unscrambled word #1: TATABHI Answer: HABITAT Meaning: It is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment.

8. Unscrambled word #2: LUTIONLOP Answer: POLLUTION Meaning: It is commonly defined as the deterioration of a material (usually a metal) or its properties because of a reaction with its environment.

9. Unscrambled word #3: NOISOCORRO Answer: CORROSION Meaning: It is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Unscrambled word #3: COEMETSSY Answer: ECOSYSTEM Meaning: It is the chemical reaction that occurs between substances when materials burn. Unscrambled word #3: NOIBUSTMOC Answer: COMBUSTION

10. Given the table are examples of changes in matter. Identify whether they are physical or chemical. Put a (/) in the column if it refers to a physical or a chemical change and whether it is wanted or unwanted. Justify your answers and share them with your classmates.

11. Harmful Effects of Physical Change 1. Too Much Evaporation. Evaporation is when water turns into vapor and goes up into the air, like when a puddle dries up in the sun. Too much evaporation means a lot of water is disappearing from where it should be, like from lakes, rivers, or even the soil.

12. Harmful Effects: ● Drying Up of Water Sources: If too much water evaporates from lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, they can shrink or even disappear, making it hard for animals and people to get water to drink or for plants to grow. ● Increase in Droughts: When there's not enough water in the soil or in the air because of too much evaporation, it can lead to droughts, which means there's not enough water for crops to grow, causing food shortages and harming farms and farmers.

13. 2. Melting of Glaciers: Glaciers are huge masses of ice that are very important because they store a lot of fresh water. When they melt, they turn into water, which flows into rivers and oceans. Harmful Effects: ● Rising Sea Levels: When glaciers melt too fast, it adds a lot of water to the oceans, causing them to rise. This can flood coastal areas, where many people live, and can damage homes and buildings.

14. ● Loss of Habitat: Animals like polar bears and seals rely on glaciers for hunting and resting. When the ice melts, they lose their homes and places to find food, making it harder for them to survive.

15. Harmful Effects of Chemical Change 1. Air Pollution: Chemical changes can release harmful gases into the air, like when cars burn fuel or factories produce smoke. Harmful Effects: ● Respiratory Problems: Breathing in polluted air can cause coughing, asthma, and other breathing problems, making it hard for people, especially kids and older adults, to stay healthy.

16. ● Environmental Damage: Polluted air can harm plants and animals, disrupt ecosystems, and even lead to global warming, which can cause extreme weather events like hurricanes and droughts.

17. ● 2. Water Contamination: Chemical changes can also happen in water, like when factories dump waste into rivers or when fertilizers from farms wash into lakes. Harmful Effects: ● Health Risks: Contaminated water can make people sick if they drink it or swim in it. It can cause stomachaches, diarrhea, and even more serious illnesses.

18. ● Harm to Aquatic Life: Chemicals in water can harm fish, frogs, and other aquatic animals, disrupting their habitats and causing population declines. This can affect the balance of ecosystems and reduce biodiversity.

19. 2. Soil Degradation: Chemical changes in the soil can occur when pesticides, herbicides, or other chemicals are used in farming or gardening. Harmful Effects: ● Loss of Fertility: Chemicals in the soil can kill helpful organisms like earthworms and bacteria, making it hard for plants to grow. This leads to poor crop yields and reduces the amount of food that can be grown.

20. ● Contamination of Food: If plants absorb chemicals from the soil, they can end up in the food we eat. Eating food contaminated with harmful chemicals can cause health problems over time.

21. 3. Corrosion: Corrosion is a chemical change that happens when metals react with substances in the environment, like oxygen or water. Harmful Effects: ● Damage to Structures: Corrosion can weaken metal structures like bridges, buildings, and pipelines, leading to collapses, leaks, and other accidents.

22. ● Costly Repairs: Fixing or replacing corroded metal objects can be expensive and time-consuming, especially if they're critical infrastructure or equipment. 4. Acid Rain: Chemical reactions in the atmosphere can produce acids that fall back to Earth as rain, snow, or fog.

23. Harmful Effects: ● Damage to Ecosystems: Acid rain can harm plants, trees, and aquatic life by leaching nutrients from the soil, damaging leaves and needles, and making bodies of water too acidic for fish and other organisms to survive. ● Deterioration of Buildings and Monuments: Acid rain can erode and corrode buildings, statues, and monuments made of stone or metal, leading to their deterioration and loss of cultural heritage.

24. 5. Groundwater Contamination: Chemicals from industrial spills, landfills, or agricultural runoff can seep into the ground and contaminate groundwater sources. Harmful Effects: ● Health Risks: Contaminated groundwater can pose serious health risks to humans and animals if consumed, leading to illnesses such as cancer, neurological disorders, and reproductive problems.

25. ● Long-Term Environmental Damage: Once groundwater is contaminated, it can be difficult and costly to clean up, posing long-term risks to the environment and public health.

26. Ways in Minimizing Harmful Effects in Changes in Properties of Materials 1. Recycling: ● Benefit to Humans: Recycling reduces the need for raw materials, lowering production costs for goods made from recycled materials. It also creates job opportunities in the recycling industry. ● Recycling conserves natural resources, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions associated with resource extraction and manufacturing processes.

27. 2. Reducing Consumption: ● By consuming less, individuals can save money, reduce clutter in their homes, and lead simpler, less stressful lifestyles. ● Reduced consumption decreases the demand for new materials, helping to conserve natural resources and minimize environmental degradation associated with resource extraction and production.

28. 3. Reusing Items: ● Reusing items saves money by extending the lifespan of products and reducing the need for frequent replacements. It also fosters creativity and innovation in finding new uses for old items. ● Reusing items conserves resources and reduces waste generation, lowering the burden on landfills and minimizing pollution from disposal.

29. 4. Choosing Eco-friendly Alternatives: ● Eco-friendly alternatives often contain fewer harmful chemicals, making them safer for human health. Reducing exposure to toxins may also promote a healthier lifestyle. ● Eco-friendly materials are typically biodegradable, compostable, or recyclable, reducing their environmental impact and promoting sustainable resource use.

30. 5. Proper Disposal: ● Benefit to Humans: Proper disposal practices help prevent pollution and contamination of air, water, and soil, safeguarding human health and well-being. ● Proper disposal minimizes the release of hazardous substances into the environment, preserving ecosystem health and biodiversity.

31. 6. Conservation and Preservation: ● Conservation efforts protect natural habitats and ecosystems, providing recreational opportunities, clean air and water, and essential ecosystem services that support human livelihoods. ● Conservation and preservation initiatives safeguard biodiversity, mitigate climate change, and maintain ecological balance, ensuring natural systems' long-term health and resilience.

32. 7. Education and Awareness: ● Education and awareness campaigns empower individuals to make informed choices and take action to reduce their environmental footprint, leading to healthier and more sustainable lifestyles. ● Benefit to the Environment: Increased awareness fosters a culture of environmental stewardship and promotes collective efforts to address environmental challenges, leading to more effective conservation and sustainability initiatives.

33. Examples of reactive materials and how to properly handle these materials: Bleach: Bleach is a common household cleaner that contains sodium hypochlorite, which can react with acids (like vinegar) to produce chlorine gas, a toxic substance ✔ Always use bleach in a well-ventilated area to prevent the buildup of chlorine gas.

34. ✔ Never mix bleach with acids (like vinegar) or ammonia-based cleaners to avoid the production of toxic gases. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to avoid skin and eye irritation when handling bleach. ✔ Follow the manufacturer's instructions for dilution and usage carefully.

35. 2. Ammonia: Ammonia is often found in household cleaning products. It can react with bleach to produce toxic chloramine vapors. ✔ Use ammonia-based cleaners in well-ventilated areas to prevent inhalation of fumes. ✔ Never mix ammonia with bleach, as this can produce toxic chloramine vapors.

36. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to prevent skin and eye irritation when handling ammonia. ✔ Store ammonia-based cleaners in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat.

37. 3. Aluminum Foil: Aluminum foil can react with acidic foods like tomatoes or citrus fruits, releasing hydrogen gas. ✔ Avoid using aluminum foil with acidic foods to prevent the release of hydrogen gas. ✔ Store aluminum foil in a cool, dry place away from sources of moisture to prevent corrosion.

38. 4. Batteries: Household batteries contain reactive materials like lithium, zinc, or alkaline electrolytes. If batteries are damaged or improperly disposed of, they can leak corrosive chemicals or even explode. ✔ Handle batteries with care and avoid damaging them to prevent leaks or explosions. ✔ Store batteries in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. ✔ Dispose of batteries properly according to local regulations, and never incinerate them.

39. 5. Drain Cleaners: Drain cleaners often contain highly reactive chemicals like sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid, which can cause burns if not handled properly. ✔ Use drain cleaners in a well-ventilated area and avoid inhaling fumes. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear when handling drain cleaners to prevent skin and eye irritation. ✔ Never mix drain cleaners with other chemicals, as this can produce hazardous reactions.

40. 6. Oven Cleaners: Oven cleaners may contain strong alkalis like sodium hydroxide, which can react with organic matter to dissolve grease and grime. ✔ Use oven cleaners according to the manufacturer's instructions and avoid prolonged skin contact. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear when handling oven cleaners to prevent skin and eye irritation. ✔ Ensure proper ventilation when using oven cleaners to avoid inhaling fumes.

41. 7. Hydrogen Peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide, commonly used as a disinfectant, can react with certain metals (like copper or iron) to produce oxygen gas. ✔ Handle hydrogen peroxide with care and avoid contact with metals to prevent the production of oxygen gas. ✔ Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark place away from sources of heat and light. ✔ Do not mix hydrogen peroxide with other chemicals unless directed to do so by a qualified professional.

42. 8. Matches and Lighters: Matches and lighters contain reactive materials like phosphorus or flammable gases, which ignite when struck or activated. ✔ Store matches and lighters in a safe place out of children's reach and away from heat sources. ✔ Handle matches and lighters with care to prevent accidental ignition. ✔ Never leave matches or lighters unattended, and ensure they are fully extinguished after use.

43. 9. Household Cleaners: Many household cleaners contain reactive chemicals such as acids, bases, or oxidizing agents, which can be hazardous if mixed together or handled improperly. ✔ Read and follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper usage and storage of household cleaners. ✔ Avoid mixing different household cleaners together to prevent hazardous reactions. ✔ Wear gloves and protective eyewear to avoid skin and eye irritation when handling household cleaners.

44. Imagine you are working in a science lab, and you need to conduct an experiment using reactive materials. One of your classmates accidentally spills a reactive substance on the floor. Describe step-by-step what you would do to ensure everyone's safety and properly clean up the spill.

45. Outline in the graphic organizer what you have learned in the lesson.

46. Part I – Multiple Choice Direction: Read each question carefully. Identify the letter of the correct answer. 1. What harmful effects can occur due to too much evaporation of water sources? A) Increase in rainfall B) Drying up of water sources C) Decrease in droughts D) Growth of aquatic life

47. 2. What harmful effects can result from the melting of glaciers? A) Decrease in sea levels B) Loss of habitat for aquatic animals C) Reduction in coastal flooding D) Increase in freshwater availability

48. 3. What harmful effects are caused by corrosion as a chemical change? A) Strengthening of metal structures B) Damage to structures like bridges and buildings C) Decrease in repair costs D) Preservation of metal objects

49. 4. What harmful effects can result from acid rain as a chemical change? A) Preservation of buildings and monuments B) Promotion of aquatic life C) Damage to ecosystems and buildings D) Increase in soil nutrients

50. 5. How can recycling benefit humans in minimizing the harmful effects of changes in materials? A) By increasing pollution B) By reducing the need for raw materials and creating job opportunities C) By depleting natural resources D) By increasing energy consumption

51. DAY 2

52. Look at the pictures below.

53. Do you have similar items at home ?

54. What do you think are the dangers of these materials that you have at home? Hazardous materials that are found at home can be replaced by alternative materials that cannot harm people. Can you think of alternative materials that serve the same purpose?

55. Activity: Fill in the Blank Fill in each blank with the correct word to complete the statement. Choose the answer from the box.

56. 1.Throwing trash on the ground causes _________, which makes our air and water dirty and harms animals. 2. When you bury leaves and fruit peels in the ground, it will _________ and turn into soil. 3. Throwing trash on the ground causes _________, which makes our air and water dirty and can harm animals. 4. Pollution from factories can have a big _________ on the environment, making the air dirty andharming plants and animals.

57. Title: Impact of Hazardous Materials on the Environment

58. Moreover, some ingredients in these products can pose risks to human health, especially if they accumulate in our bodies or the environment over time. It's important to understand whether a product is biodegradable or if it persists in the environment. Since everything we do impacts the world around us, it's essential to be mindful of the products we use and how we use them, striving to minimize our negative impact on the environment and maintain a balanced environment.

59. 1. What are some examples of hazardous materials that are mentioned in the article? 2.What are the possible negative effects of these hazardous materials to the environment and to humans?” 3. What might happen if we will not be conscious of the ingredients of the products we are using? Materials mentioned can be hazardous so we can use their alternatives instead.

60. ● remove stain in clothes using calamansi or kamias extract ● remove coffee stain using moist salt or baking soda ● Use toothpaste in removing crayon mark ● use vinegar as disinfectant

61. Hazardous Materials Checklist Put a check mark on the materials present in the household. 1.____ Liquid Bleach - DANGER! - Causes severe eye injuries. Can damage the mouth, throat, and stomach. Vapor irritates the nose, throat, and lungs. 2.__ Toilet Bowl Cleaner - DANGER! - Contains hydrochloric acid which is highly corrosive. Burns the skin, mouth, and throat. Causes blindness.

62. 3.____ Furniture Polish - DANGER! - Contact with skin can dissolve vital skin oils and cause severe dermatitis (skin burns). Can permanently injure eyes. 4.____ Stainless Steel Cleaner - DANGER! - It can burn the eyes and skin. Its vapor can cause headaches, dizziness, and stupor

63. 5.____ Aerosol Dusting Spray - DANGER! - Flammable. Irritates the eyes, lungs. 5,000 people visit emergency rooms each year with an aerosol can-related injury. 6.____ Disinfectant Cleaner - WARNING! - Contains flammable propellants. Can burn skin and cause permanent corneal damage. Fumes can strongly irritate the nose, throat and lungs.

64. Powdered Bleach - WARNING! - Breathing the dust can produce asthma-like symptoms. Damages eyes and skin. Mixing it with ammonia can produce deadly fumes. 7.____ Aerosol Air Freshener - WARNING! - Contains highly flammable propellants. Can cause moderate irritation to the eyes. Can cause mild to moderate lung irritation, including asthma-like symptoms.

65. 8.____ Window Cleaner - WARNING! - Can cause moderate irritation and damage to eyes. Fumes can be moderately to highly irritating to the lungs. Can irritate the skin. 9.____ All-Purpose Cleaner - WARNING! - Strong lung irritant. Can cause mild to moderate damage to the eyes. Fumes can cause weakness and dizziness.

66. 10._____Pesticides Warning: Exposure can occur through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion, leading to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and respiratory issues.

67. 11._____Motor Oil Danger/Warning: Used motor oil contains hazardous substances such as heavy metals (lead, zinc, cadmium)

68. The teacher will discuss the tips to protect the health of families and the environment from the harm caused by hazardous materials. 1. Avoid household products marked “DANGER”. 2. Reduce the need for pesticides. 3. Recycle motor oil. 4. Use less toxic cleaners. 5. Dispose of leftover hazardous products correctly

69. 1. Why is it important to have an inventory of hazardous materials at home? Ans. Inventory of hazardous materials at home helps us become aware of the potential harm they may cause. 2. What are the benefits/disadvantages of having an alternative product to a certain hazardous material? Ans. The use of alternative materials instead of hazardous materials safeguards our health and protects the environment while achieving the desired results.

70. 3. What are the simple ways to avoid the harmful effects of hazardous materials? Ans. There are simple ways to avoid the harmful effects of hazardous materials, such as avoiding household products marked 'DANGER'; reducing the need for pesticides; recycling motor oil; using less toxic cleaners; and disposing of leftover hazardous products properly."

71. List one hazardous material, two alternatives, and three tips to protect your family from the harm of the hazardous material.

72. DAY 3

73. Study the picture below and answer the guide questions.

74. Guide questions: 1.What are the things you see in the picture? 2. What kind of materials are these? Explain your answer.

75. What are non-biodegradable materials? What can we do with them?

76. ______1. Materials which undergo decay and decomposition. ______2. Materials cannot be decomposed or broken down by microorganisms and other living organisms.

77. Title: Maya’s Journey of the Five Rs

78. Once upon a time, there lived a young girl named Maya. Maya loved exploring the natural wonders around her home, but she couldn't help but notice the growing presence of litter hindering the beauty of her surroundings. Maya, determined to make a difference, embarked on a journey to learn about the 5 Rs of non-biodegradable materials." Non-biodegradable materials can be recycled, reduced, recovered, reused, and refused. Reduce: As Maya wandered through the town's market, she noticed vendors selling fruits and vegetables wrapped in layers of plastic.

79. Determined to reduce waste, Maya approached the vendors and suggested using biodegradable packaging or selling produce without any wrapping at all. With Maya's encouragement, the vendors embraced the idea of reducing unnecessary packaging, setting a positive example for others in the community. Reuse: On her way home, Maya stumbled upon an abandoned warehouse filled with discarded items.

80. Instead of seeing them as trash, Maya saw potential. She gathered broken furniture, old jars, and scraps of fabric, envisioning ways to breathe new life into them. With a little creativity and a lot of determination, Maya transformed the forgotten objects into beautiful decorations and useful household items, demonstrating the power of reuse to her neighbors.

81. Recycle: As Maya continued her journey, she encountered a group of children playing near a recycling center. Curious, Maya joined them as they sorted through bins of glass, plastic, and paper, learning about the importance of recycling. Inspired by their enthusiasm, Maya organized a recycling drive in her community, encouraging everyone to collect and recycle their waste. Together, they turned trash into treasure, paving the way for a cleaner, greener future.

82. Recover: One day, while exploring the forest, Maya stumbled upon an old tire abandoned in a clearing. Determined to find a use for it, Maya enlisted the help of her friends to brainstorm ideas. After much deliberation, they decided to repurpose the tire into a colorful flower planter, filling it with soil and seeds. As the flowers bloomed, the tire became a symbol of creativity and ingenuity, inspiring others to look at waste in a new light. Refuse: Finally, Maya realized that the most powerful way to combat non-biodegradable materials was to refuse them altogether.

83. Maya encouraged her community to say no to single-use plastics. And so, armed with the knowledge of the 5 Rs, Maya and her community worked together to protect the environment they cherished. Through their actions, they proved that even the smallest individual efforts could make a big difference in the fight against non-biodegradable materials. Together, they embarked on a journey of sustainability, leaving behind a legacy of stewardship and responsibility for generations to come

84. 1. How did Maya promote the concept of "Reduce" in her community, and what impact did it have? 2. What did Maya and her friends do with the old tire they found in the forest, and how did it contribute to their mission? 3.How will you segregate these non-biodegradable materials using 5Rs?

85. Group the following materials a. To be Recycled b. To be Reduced c. To be Recovered d. To be Reused e. To be Refused

86. 1.Describe non-biodegradable materials. Ans. Non-biodegradable materials are substances that do not break down or decompose naturally over time through the action of microorganisms, bacteria, fungi, or other biological processes 2. How can you group the non-biodegradable materials? Ans. Non-biodegradable materials can be grouped into plastic, glass, metal, textile, paper, and cardboard.

87. 3.What can we do with nonbiodegradable materials? Ans. Non-biodegradable materials can be recycled, reduced, recovered, reused and refused.

88. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the options provided. In a busy city, non-biodegradable materials overwhelm waste management systems, worsening the burden on landfills. Despite awareness campaigns, many residents continue to rely heavily on single-use plastics and disposable items. Recycling efforts fade due to inadequate infrastructure and indifference, leading to widespread littering and pollution.

89. Local authorities struggle to cope with the crisis, resorting to costly measures like incineration, which further contribute to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The once clean environment becomes full of plastic waste, clogging waterways and endangering wildlife. Efforts to reduce nonbiodegradable waste face numerous obstacles, from resistance to behavioral change to economic constraints. Without urgent intervention and collective action, the city faces a big challenge to decrease the proliferation of harmful materials and lessen the environmental consequences.

90. 1. Based on the story, what increases the problem of wastes? a. landfills full of biodegradable materials b. landfills full of nonbiodegradable c. residents heavily rely on the use of single-use plastics and disposable items d. residents are using recyclable materials

91. 2. Why do the city recycling efforts fade? a. due to inadequate infrastructure b. due to costly measures like incineration c. due to obstacles and resistance d. due to the proliferation of harmful materials

92. 3. What immediate environmental problem is caused by non-biodegradable materials such as plastics wastes? I. air pollution II. water pollution III. land pollution IV. clogging waterways V. endangering wildlife a. I & II b. II & III c. III & IV d. IV & V

93. 4. What simple change can bring a positive impact on their problem on nonbiodegradable materials? a. clean-up drive b. refusal of single-use plastics and disposable items c. reusing plastic bottles d. use of eco bag

94. 5.What is one of the main challenges faced by the city in managing non-biodegradable waste? a. Lack of public awareness campaigns b. Insufficient recycling infrastructure c. Overdependence on composting d. Excessive use of renewable materials

95. DAY 4

96. Identify whether the following wastes are biodegradable and non-biodegradable.

97. • Food scraps • Paper • Cardboard • Leaves • Grass • Wood • Coffee grounds • Fruit peels • Eggshells • Cotton rags • Plastic bottles

98. • Plastic bags • Aluminum cans • Glass bottles • Styrofoam • Tires • Metal cans • PVC pipes • Synthetic fabrics • Electronics

99. What is the message you get from the picture?

100. Match and Tell Match the pictures with the words and give your idea about the word and the picture.

101. ● scavengers ● respondents ● composting ● household ● recyclable

102. Title: Solid-Waste Management Practices of Households in Manila, Philippines

103. The experiences and practices of household waste management of people in a barangay (village) in Manila, Philippines are documented. The data were gathered through an interview with household members using open ended questions. Interviews were also conducted with garbage collectors as well as scavengers. Results showed that the households generated an average of 3.2 kg of solid waste per day.

104. The types of wastes commonly generated are food/kitchen wastes, papers, plastic bottles, metals, and cans, boxes/cartons, glass bottles, cellophane/plastics, and yard/garden wastes. The respondents segregate their waste into plastic bottles, glass bottles, and other waste (mixed waste). No respondents perform composting. Burning of waste is not done by the respondents. The households rely on garbage collection by the government. Collection is done twice daily, except Sundays, and household members bring their garbage when the garbage truck arrives.

105. However, there are those who dump their garbage in the non-designated pick-up points, usually in a corner of the street. The dumped garbage becomes a breeding ground for disease-causing organisms. Some household respondents said that it is possible that the dumping in certain areas caused the dengue fever suffered by some of their family members. Mothers and household helpers are responsible for household waste management. Scavengers generally look for recyclable items in the dumped garbage.

106. All of them said that it is their only source of income, which is generally not enough for their meals. They are also aware that their work affects their health. Most respondents said that garbage collection and disposal are the government’s responsibility. The results of the study showed that RA 9003, also known as the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, is not fully implemented in Metro Manila.

107. Sources: Bernardo, E. 2002 Solid-Waste Management Practices of Households in Manila, Philippines. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1454.016Citations : 16

108. Guide Questions: 1.What are the potential health risks associated with improper waste disposal, such as dumping garbage in non-designated areas, as observed in the barangay in Manila? 2.How can the implementation of RA 9003, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000, be improved to ensure better waste management practices in Metro Manila households?

109. Fast Talk Items for the “Fast Talk”: 1. Most “yucky” waste ___ 2. Attractive waste ______ 3. Recyclable waste ______ 4. Biodegradable or non biodegradable? Why?

110. 1. What is the so-called “yucky waste?” Why is it that it is undesirable? 2. What are the attractive wastes? Why is it attractive to you? 3. Give examples of recyclable waste. 4. Why are they called recyclable? 5. Which one is easier to manage, biodegradable waste or non-biodegradable waste? Explain.

111. The teacher will ask the following questions. 1. Where do you dispose of or throw used batteries? 2. What do you think will happen if the batteries are disposed of or thrown in the waste bin together with the other wastes? 3. Have you observed a bad smell from a pile of waste materials? What causes the bad smell? 4. How can we prevent this from happening? 5. What can you do to make the biodegradable waste useful?

112. Let us state the following ideas: 1.Unsegregated waste materials produce gases with foul odors." 2.Improperly disposed used batteries react with other materials, causing soil, water, and air contamination. 3.Waste segregation minimizes harmful changes in materials.

113. 4. Composting makes biodegradable waste useful. During composting, biodegradable waste reacts with air and water in the presence of microorganisms to produce fertilizer.

114. Put a check mark (/) in the box if the statement is correct and X mark if the statement is incorrect.  1. Improper disposal of used batteries is good for the environment.  2. Composting makes the biodegradable waste useful.  3. Waste segregation minimizes the harmful changes in materials.  4. During composting, the reaction among the biodegradable waste, air, and water in the presence of microorganisms cause soil contamination.

115. 5. Properly segregated waste produces foul odor.

116. Gathering Scientific Information Science 4 Quarter 1-Week 5

117. DAY 5

118. Strategy: Stop, look, and Tell Tell a story about the picture below:

119. Title: The Highly Urbanized Region

120. According to the National Capital Region (NCR) Population Clock, the estimated population as of January 31, 2024, 8:00 AM is 13,978,060. The area, with this population, is a busy place with a high volume of vehicles, houses, buildings, and cemented grounds. The region is overfilled with households, buildings and concrete pavements with barely any open space for planting or vegetation. Daily human activities generate waste.

121. Approximately 13,978,060 individuals produce almost one (1)kilogram of waste materials while transport vehicles emit gaseous pollutants. With these occurrences, environmental issues and concerns arise. Campaigns for environmental actions through advocacies are being conducted such as proper waste segregation, urban gardening, clean-up drive, estero-watch, and Pasig River rehabilitation to name a few.

122. These practices will help reduce the effects of rapid urbanization and the amount of waste and improve air quality. Each barangay in the city within the National Capital Region is taking steps to address the environmental issues and concerns. Questions: 1.Cite examples of practices in your community to address environmental issues and concerns. 2.Based on the general description of the National Capital Region, what similar issues does your place/location experience?

123. How can proper waste segregation practices help in reducing the amount of waste produced in the National Capital Region? In what ways can urban gardening contribute to reusing materials and improving the environment in the densely populated areas of the National Capital Region? Write Yes in the row to describe the location of the community you live in or reside in.

124. Put a check mark in the row that corresponds to the schedule of garbage collection in your place.

125. Put a check mark in the row that tells the place where you observe and practice waste segregation.

126. Put a check mark in the row that shows the environmental advocacy/ ies or activities being implemented/done in your barangay.

127. Guide questions: 1. Examine the answers in the table. What do you notice about your immediate environment and your classmate’s immediate environment? Give the similarities and differences.

128. 2. Using the information from what you have previously read, estimate the amount of waste generated per day in your house. 3. Compare the frequency of garbage collection in your group with the other groups. What barangay has the regular garbage collection? 4. Why do you practice waste segregation at home? 5. Where do most of you practice waste segregation? Explain why.

129. 6. Based on your observations in your place, what environmental advocacy is most supported in your area? Explain its effect on your neighborhood

130. Waste segregation is not practiced regularly in the household and community. The quality of air depends on many factors, and one is location. If the area is near a busy road with a high population, the air quality is affected. The environmental advocacy that is most supported has the greatest impact in reducing environmental degradation."

131. Present the observations in your immediate communities or surroundings through drawings, statements, spoken poetry, and others based on talents and abilities.