science-subject-for-high-school-10th-grade-atoms-and-the-periodic-table.pptx

science-subject

1. CLASSES AND USES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 9th Grade

2. 1. Gasoline - fuel for vehicles

3. 2. Ethyl Alcohol – Ethanol is the primary psychoactive ingredient in beer, wine, spirits, and other alcoholic beverages. Fermentation: Ethanol is produced through fermentation of sugars by yeast or bacteria in grains, fruits, or vegetables. Disinfectant: Ethanol's antimicrobial properties make it effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Medical applications: Used as a skin disinfectant, wound cleaner, and antiseptic for surgical instruments. Biofuel: Ethanol is a renewable energy source, often blended with gasoline to power vehicles.

4. Acetone is a versatile organic solvent widely used as a cleaner. Uses as a cleaner: 1. Industrial cleaning: Removes grease, grime, and oils from surfaces. 2. Electronics cleaning: Cleans circuit boards, contacts, and components. 3. Laboratory cleaning: Disinfects and cleans equipment. 4. Nail polish remover: Dissolves and removes nail polish. 5. Adhesive remover: Breaks down and removes adhesives. 6. Paint thinner: Thins and removes paint. 7. Cleaning of metal, glass, and plastic surfaces.

5. LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is a widely used organic compound fuel: Uses of LPG as a fuel: 1. Cooking: Residential, commercial, and industrial cooking 2. Heating: Space heating, water heating, and industrial processes 3. Power generation: Electricity generation, backup power, and rural electrification 4. Automotive: Fuel for vehicles (LPG-powered cars, buses, and trucks) 5. Industrial processes: Cutting, welding, and other industrial applications 6. Refrigeration: Fuel for absorption refrigeration systems 7. Aerospace: Fuel for rockets and spacecraft

6. Kerosene Uses as a fuel: 1. Lighting: Lanterns, lamps, and lighting fixtures 2. Heating: Space heaters, water heaters, and industrial processes 3. Cooking: Stoves, ovens, and cooking ranges Uses as a cleaner: 1. Solvent: Effective solvent for grease, grime, and oils 2. Degreaser: Industrial cleaning and degreasing applications 3. Fuel system cleaner: Cleans fuel systems and engines 4. Rust remover: Removes rust and corrosion

7. Acetic acid As an antiseptic: 1. Disinfectant: Effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. 2. Wound cleaning: Treats minor cuts and scrapes. 3. Skin conditions: Relieves acne, eczema, and dermatitis. 4. Medical instrument sterilization. As a fuel: 1. Biofuel: Acetic acid is a precursor to bioethanol production. 2. Fuel cells: Acetic acid is used as a fuel source in some fuel cells. 3. Industrial processes: Fuel for industrial heating and power generation.

8. Organic compounds are group of compounds that contain the element carbon . Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen combined with other elements namely oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur, and halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) Ethyl alcohol, acetone, gasoline, napthalene , acetic acid, vanillin, acetylene, and esters are just a few examples of many useful organic compounds. These kinds of compounds are produced by plants and animals. However, these carbon-containing compounds can also be produced artificially. ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

9. Properties of Common Organic Compounds Every kind of organic compound has specific properties or characteristics. Although these compounds may show similarities in some properties, these compounds do not have exactly the same properties. Gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, lubricating oil, vanilin , acetic acid, and ethyl alcohol are organic compounds with different properties. Gasoline for example, has a strong odor, is volatile, and highly flammable. Odor is the smell of the compound. Every compound has its own specific odor. Viscosity is a measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. Volatility is the measure of the tendency of a compound to evaporate or turn into gaseous state. Flammability is the measure of how easily the material burns.

10. 01 HYDROCARBONS

11. HYDROCARBONS Hydrocarbons are organic compounds that consists only two elements, carbon and hydrogen . Hydrocarbons can be classified according to their structure which can be aliphatic or aromatic . Aliphatic hydrocarbons do not have rings; instead, they form chains of carbon and hydrogen. They may be saturated or unsaturated. Aromatic hydrocarbons have rings which will contain single bonds and double bonds. It has benzene rings, which are cyclic chains with six carbon atoms that form hexagons shape.

12. 01 HYDROCARBONS

13. Saturated Hydrocarbons: Alkanes Alkanes are hydrocarbon compounds that only have single bonds within the compounds. Alkanes are referred to as saturated hydrocarbons because additional hydrogen atoms cannot bond within the compound. The primary alkane is methane, CH4, and the second member is ethane, CH3CH3, which are common alkane compounds. The name of the compounds during this group all end with - ane .

14. Saturated Hydrocarbons: Alkanes Alkanes are hydrocarbon compounds that only have single bonds within the compounds. Alkanes are referred to as saturated hydrocarbons because additional hydrogen atoms cannot bond within the compound. The primary alkane is methane, CH4, and the second member is ethane, CH3CH3, which are common alkane compounds. The name of the compounds during this group all end with - ane .

15. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes Alkenes are hydrocarbons that have one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in their structures. The name of alkene compounds end in – ene . The best alkenes are ethene, CH2CH2, and propene, CH2CHCH3

16. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes

17. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkenes ETHENE – IS A GASEOUS ORGANIC COMPOUND WITH A CHEMICAL FORMULA CH2CH2. IT IS A PLANTS COMPOUND THAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RIPENING OF FRUITS.

18. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkynes Alkynes contain a minimum of one carbon-carbon triple bond. The foremost common alkyne compound is ethyne or acetylene. The name of Alkyne compound end in – yne .

19. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkynes

20. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Alkynes ETHYNE- COMMONLY KNOWN AS ACETYLENE IS AN ALKYNE HYDROCARBON WITH A CHEMICAL FORMULA C2H2. THIS ORGANIC COMPOUND IS COMMONLY USED AS FUEL IN AN OXY-ACETYLENE WELDING TORCH. - IS ALSO PRODUCED WHEN CALCIUM CARBIDE, CaC2 REACTS WITH WATER IN THE AIR. IT HAS THE ABILITY TO HASTEN THE RIPENING OF FRUITS. THAT IS WHY FRUIT VENDORS USE CALCIUM CARBIDE IN RIPENING THEIR FRUITS IN JUST A FEW DAYS.

21. TWO COLUMNS HYDROGEN HELIUM Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and has a poisonous atmosphere

22. TWO COLUMNS LITHIUM BERYLLIUM Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only a bit larger than the Moon Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and has a poisonous atmosphere

23. CARBON Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest one in the Solar System OXYGEN Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life in the Solar System NON METAL NITROGEN Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly hot FLUORINE Mars is a cold place. It's full of iron oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast

24. MAGNESIUM Venus is the second planet from the Sun BARIUM Jupiter is the biggest planet in the Solar System ALKALINE EARTH METAL STRONTIUM Despite being red, Mars is a cold place CALCIUM Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings

25. TRANSITION METALS SCANDIUM Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun TITANIUM Venus is the second planet from the Sun YTTRIUM Jupiter is the biggest planet of them all ZIRCONIUM Saturn is composed of hydrogen and helium VANADIUM Despite being red, Mars is actually a very cold place NIOBIUM Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun

26. 02 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

27. THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM: CARBON ATOM ELECTRON Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun PROTON Venus is the second planet from the sun NEUTRON Despite being red, Mars is a cold place 6 protons + 6 neutrons

28. AWESOME WORDS

29. A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND WORDS

30. TEXT AND PHOTO You can give a brief description of the topic you want to talk about here. For example, if you want to talk about Mercury, you can say that it’s the smallest planet in the entire Solar System

31. TEXT AND PHOTO 2 You can give a brief description of the topic you want to talk about here. For example, if you want to talk about Mercury, you can say that it’s the smallest planet in the entire Solar System

32. TEXT AND PHOTO 3 You can give a brief description of the topic you want to talk about here. For example, if you want to talk about Mercury, you can say that it’s the smallest planet in the entire Solar System

33. —SOMEONE FAMOUS “This is a quote, words full of wisdom that someone important said and can make the reader get inspired.”

34. 03 PERIODIC TABLE HISTORY You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

35. 123 , 456 , 789 Big numbers catch your audience’s attention

36. 10 . 811 u It’s the atomic mass of Boron 22 . 990 u It’s the atomic mass of Sodium 51 . 996 u It’s the atomic mass of Chromium

37. 23 % Venus is the second planet from the Sun 45 % Jupiter is the biggest planet in the Solar System 78 % Despite being red, Mars is a cold place

38. VIDEO TUTORIAL You can replace the image on the screen with your own work. Just right-click on it and select “Replace image”

39. TABLET SCREENSHOT You can replace the image on the screen with your own work. Just right-click on it and select “Replace image”

40. PHONE SCREENSHOT You can replace the image on the screen with your own work. Just right-click on it and select “Replace image”

41. OUR TEAM JENNA DOE You can speak a bit about this person here TIMMY JIMMY You can speak a bit about this person here SUSAN BONES You can speak a bit about this person here

42. THIS IS A GRAPH Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click here MERCURY It’s the closest planet to the Sun VENUS It’s the second planet from the Sun MARS Despite being red, Mars is cold JUPITER It’s the biggest planet of them all

43. ACTINIDES ELEMENTS Name ACTINIUM THORIUM PROTACTINIUM URANIUM Atomic number 89 90 91 92 Atomic mass 227.028 u 232.038 u 231.036 u 238.029 u Ionization energy 5.17 eV 6.08 eV 5.89 eV 6.194 eV

44. ELEMENT INFORMATION 55.847 u 7.874 g/cm³ 3,134 o Fe 26 Iron 1,811 o Atomic weight Density Boiling point Atomic number Symbol Melting point Name

45. BEST CHEMISTRY SCHOOLS MERCURY It’s the closest planet to the Sun VENUS It’s the second planet from the Sun MARS Despite being red, Mars is cold JUPITER It’s the biggest planet of them all

46. INFOGRAPHIC DIAGRAM MERCURY It’s the closest planet to the Sun VENUS It’s the 2 nd planet from the Sun JUPITER It’s the 5 th planet to the Sun MARS It’s the 4 th planet from the Sun SATURN It’s the 6 th planet to the Sun NEPTUNE Neptune is far away from Earth PERIODIC TABLE ELEMENTS

47. PERIODIC TABLE: HISTORY AND ARRANGEMENT MERCURY It’s the closest planet to the Sun VENUS Venus has a beautiful name JUPITER Jupiter is the biggest planet MARS Mars is actually a very cold place SATURN Saturn has several rings First Second Third Fourth