scientificmethod- 2024202555-744eb5.pptx

scientific method

1. Mr. Aaron F. San Jose

2. Bring out your notebook

3. KWL CHART LOOK FOR A PARTNER TO SHARE AND WORK WITH. What else do I know? What do I want to know? What did I learn?              

4. What is it? It involves a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence .

5. I developed and formalized Scientific Method! FRANCIS BACON English Philosopher

6. Steps Observe/Ask a question Formulate a hypothesis Design and perform an experiment Analyze data and results Draw a conclusion

7. O O O O O

8. 1. Observe/Ask a Question Develop a question or problem. Make observations and research your topic of interest.

9. 1. Observe/Ask a Question "What am I interested in?" "What subject do I want to learn about ?"

10. Example 1: John watches his Grandma bake bread. Grandma explains that yeast eats sugar in the bread dough and releases gas which makes the bread rise. John wonders – Will the amount of sugar in the recipe affect the size of a bread loaf? 1. Observe/Ask a Question

11. 1. Observe/Ask a Question Example 2: For the past days of acid raining, Leah discovered some of her plants are dying, and some are wilted. She asked herself, how does acid rain affect plant growth?

12. In partners… For 3 minutes

13. VARIABLES…

14. DEPENDENT INDEPENDENT CONTROLLED V A R I A B L E S

15. Dependent Variable – responds to changes you made with the independent variable Independent variable – you can change or manipulate in an experiment Controlled variable – kept constant during the experiment

16. You design an experiment testing the effects of temperature on the volume of Helium gas in a balloon. IV DV CV T emperature Volume of He gas Type of gas, type of balloon Sample:

17. Sample: You want to test if the type of water will affect the plant growth IV DV CV Type of water Plant growth Type of plant

18. 2. Formulate a Hypothesis A clear statement of what you expect the answer to your question to be.

19. HOW? RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AND DEPENDENT VARIABLE Form your hypothesis based on your Q U E S T I O N .

20. Which one sounds like a hypothesis? Eating sweetcorn causes weight loss. Eating sweetcorn will help you lose weight.. Eating sweetcorn may help you lose weight..

21. If a person eats sweetcorn, he may lose weight.

22. Proper Form If-Then FORMAT If sweetcorn helps in the process of weight loss, then a person who eats more sweetcorn will tend to lose weight faster. IV DV CV

23. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light may lead to skin cancer.

24. Proper Form If skin cancer is related to UV light, then people with prolonged exposure to UV light will have skin cancer. IV DV CV

25. 2. Formulate a Hypothesis Follow the If, Then method… Example 1: “If the amount of sugar affects the bread loaf size, then more sugar will yield to bigger bread..” Example 2: “ If the amount of acid rain inhibits the growth of the plant, then the plant will wilt and become shorter than normal.”

26. Steps Observe/Ask a question Formulate a hypothesis Design and perform an experiment Analyze data and results Draw a conclusion

27. Review Uncle Jerry wants to test what type of worm will the yellowfin fish eat faster in the hook of the fishing rod. https://www.mentimeter.com/s/717b5e6e3ea0bad7e58cfb6390eae864/d441da1012f3

28. Steps Observe/Ask a question Formulate a hypothesis Design and perform an experiment Analyze data and results Draw a conclusion

29. What is an Experiment? https://www.mentimeter.com/s/b2eedddf2ca0507cefeee2c06be90848/d27558258d18

30. It tests the hypothesis It demonstrates fair testing … Has more than one trial or group

31. Example 1: Controlled : There is 100 grams of sugar added to the dough. Experimental 1: There is 200 grams of sugar added to the dough . Experimental 2: There is 300 grams of sugar added to the dough . 3. Design and Perform

32. Example 2: Controlled: A plant is watered with normal water. Experimental: A plant is watered with acid rain. 3. Design and Perform an Experiment

33. Steps Observe/Ask a question Formulate a hypothesis Design and perform an experiment Analyze data and results Draw a conclusion

34. 4. Analyze Data and Results (Example 1) Set-up SIZE OF BREAD (cm ³ ) Amount of Sugar Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average size 100 grams (Controlled) 1296 1440 1296 1344 200 grams (Experimental) 1404 1296 1440 1380 300 grams (Experimental) 1638 1638 1560 1612

35. Among the three set-ups, set-up 1 got the highest volume of bread (1612 cm³). Set-up 1 got 1344 cm³, while set-up 2 got 1380 cm³.

36. 4. Analyze Data and Results (Example 2) Set-up LENGTH OF PLANT (m eters ) Type of Water Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average size Normal Water (Controlled) 1.212 1.201 1.181 1.198 Acid Rain (Experimental) 0.992 1.001 0.904 0.966

37. 4. Analyze Data and Results With the use of normal water, the plant gets to grow taller than the acid rain-watered plant, having 1.198 m compared to 0.966 m.

38. Steps Observe/Ask a question Formulate a hypothesis Design and perform an experiment Analyze data and results Draw a conclusion

39. Includes a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis.

40. Example 1: I therefore conclude that the higher the amount of sugar you will put in dough, the higher the bread will rise, as seen in the volume.

41. Example 2: I therefore conclude that acid rain may affect the growth of a plant as it slowly inhibits it.

42. KWL CHART LOOK FOR A PARTNER TO SHARE AND WORK WITH. What else do I know? What do I want to know? What did I learn?              

43. Finalize your work https://www.mentimeter.com/s/23a472eda3b0afc1828af43c6080bd3c/832caf0a678c