Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic Theory

Sigmund Freud proposed three components to our personality: the id, ego, and superego. The job of the ego is to balance the sexual and aggressive drives of the id with the moral ideal of the superego. Freud also said that personality develops through a series of psychosexual stages. In each stage, pleasure focuses on a specific erogenous zone. Failure to resolve a stage can lead one to become fixated in that stage, leading to unhealthy personality traits. Successful resolution of the stages leads to a healthy adult.

1. Psycho-Analytic
Theory
K.THIYAGU,Assistant Professor,Department of Education, Central University of Kerala,Kasaragod
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Sigmund Freud
(1856-1939)

2. Sanjay
Swetha
Choleric
Mesomorphic
TYPE APPROACH
Melancholic
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3. Sanjay
Swetha
TRAIT APPROACH
Aggressive
Hot Tempered
Undisciplined
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4. Sanjay
Swetha
Psycho-Analytic
ID
Unconscious
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5. Sigmund Freud
(1856-1939)
Freudhadmanyfollowers:JungandAdler.
Fatherofmodernpsychology
Born 6 May 1856
Died 23 September 1939
(aged83)
Hampstead, London
NationalityAustria
Fields Neurology,
Psychology,
Psychotherapy,
Psychoanalysis
InstitutionsUniversity of Vienna
Alma materUniversity of Vienna
(MD, 1881)
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9. Freud believes that our personality is build
around the three unified and interrelating
systems, namely
Id
Ego
Super Ego
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10. Id
Ego
Super
Ego
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11. Ichosetousephonebatteriestoillustrate
thestrengthsofid,ego,andsuperego
relativetoeachotherbecauseIthinkI
havetheworstself-controlwhenitcomes
tousingmyphone.
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14. ID
•Existsentirelyintheunconsciousmind
•Ourhiddentrueanimalisticwantsand
desires.
•WorksonthePleasureseeking
Principle
•Ithasnovalues,knowsnolaws,
followsnotrules,doesnotrecognize
rightorwrong
•AvoidPainandreceiveInstant
Happiness.
•Onlyconsidersthesatisfactionofits
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15. ID
I Demand
I Desire
I Destroy
IDIOT
The deposed despot,
and a cannibal of
Uganda has named
himself
IDI Amin!
Pleasure Principle
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16. Ego
•DevelopsaftertheId
•Egofunctions-asapolicemanto
checktheunlawfulactivitiesoftheid
•Itfollowstheprincipleofreality
(WorksontheRealityPrinciple)
•Actwithintelligencetocontrol,
selectedanddecidewhatisgoodand
bad
•NegotiatesbetweentheIdandthe
environment.
•Inourconsciousandunconscious
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17. Ego
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18. Super Ego
•Developslastatabouttheageof6
•Itisourconscience(whatwethinkthe
differenceisbetweenrightandwrong)
•Itrepresentationofsocialandmoral
values
•Itistheethicalormoralarmofthe
personality.
•Itisidealisticanddoesnotcarefor
realties.
•Perfectionratherthanpleasureisits
goal
•Itisdecisionmakingentity
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20. Individualswhohaveastrongor
powerfulego–haveastrongor
balancedpersonality.
Individualpossessesaweakego–
haveamaladjustedpersonality.
Ifsuperegomorepowerfulthanego–
neuroticpersonality
Ifidismorepowerfulthanego–
delinquentpersonality
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21. Freud’s
Psychosexual
Stages of Development
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22. •Heheldthatsexisalifeenergy.
•Thesexualneedsoftheindividualarebasicneedswhich
mustbesatisfiedforabalancedgrowthofthepersonality
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23. Five Psychosexual Stages
Oral Stage (birth to 18 months)
Anal Stage (18 months to 3 years)
Phallic Stage (3 to 6 years)
Latency Stage (6 years to puberty)
Genital Stage (puberty to adulthood)
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24. Freud’s Psychosocial States
of Personality Development
Stage (age range)Erogenous Zone Activity Focus
Oral
(birth to 1½ years)
Mouth, lips, and
tongue
Sucking, biting, and chewing
Anal
(1½ to 3 years)
Anus Bowel retention and elimination
Phallic
(3 to 6 years)
Genitals Identifying with same-sex parent to learn
gender role and sense of morality
Latency
(6 years to puberty)
No erogenous zone Cognitive and social development
Genital
(puberty to adulthood)
Genitals Development of sexual relationships, moving
toward intimate adult relationships
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25. Oral
Stage
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26. Oral stage
•Mouthrepresentsthefirstsex
organsforprovidingpleasure
tothechild
•Sucking,chewing
•Alwayskeepsmouth–candy,
stick,ownthumb
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27. Anal
Stage
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28. Anal stage
•Toilet training
•Body waste material through
the anus or the urethra
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29. Phallic
Stage
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30. Phallic Stage
Conflicts
•IntheOedipusconflict,the
littleboybecomesattractedto
hismotherandfearsthe
father
•IntheElectraconflict,the
littlegirlisattractedtoher
father
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31. Latency
Stage
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32. Latency stage
•Boysandgirlsprefertobeinthe
companyoftheirownsexandeven
neglectorhatemembers ofthe
oppositesex.
•Cognitiveandsocialdevelopment
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33. Genital
Stage
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34. Genital stage
•Boyandgirlnowfeelsastrange
feelingofstrongsensationinthe
genitalsanattractiontowardsthe
membersoftheoppositesex
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35. Contribution
to Education
•Ithasgivenagood
methodforthestudyof
behaviour
•Ithasprovidedagood
therapy
•Understand the
maladaptivebehaviour
•Theprovisionofproper
extracurricularactivities
andsuitablehobbies.
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36. Neo-Freudian
Theories of Personality
•Agreewithmanyof
Freud’sbasicideas,
butdifferinoneor
moreimportantways
Carl Jung’s Collective
Unconscious
Alfred Adler’s Striving
for Superiority
Karen Horney
and the
Need for
Security
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37. Thank you
Jai Bharat!
K.THIYAGU,Assistant Professor,Department of Education, Central University of Kerala,Kasaragod
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