“SMART BABY CRADLE” “SMART BABY CRADLE”.docx

“SMART BABY CRADLE” “SMART BABY CRADLE”.docx

1. A
Project Report
On
“SMART BABY CRADLE”
A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Award of Bachelor Degree in
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Submitted By
EARROJU.SHIVANI 21K91A0469
GOUDA.SHIVANI 21K91A0488
KANKANALA.VINEELA 21K91A04B8
Under the guidance of
M.INDIRA
Assistant Professor, ECE Dept.
2024-2025
TKR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
AUTONOMOUS
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
(Accredited By NBA, Approved by AICTE)
Accredited by NAAC with “A+” grade
(MEDBOWLI, MEERPET, SAROORNAGAR, HYDERABAD-500097)

2. CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “SMART BABY CARDLE USING IOT” submitted
by
EARROJU.SHIVANI 21K91A0469
GOUDA.SHIVANI 21K91A0488
KANKANALA.VINEELA 21K91A04B8
is a bonafide work carried out by them during the academic year 2024-2025 under the guidance and
supervision of
M.INDIRA Co-ordinator Dr. M. MAHESH
Assistant Professor Head of the Department
Internal Guide ECE
EXTERNAL EXAMINER

3. PLAGIARISM REPORT
This is to certify that the Project Report entitled “SMART BABY CRADLE” submitted by
1.EARROJU.SHIVANI 21K91A0469
2.GOUDA.SHIVANI 21K91A0488
3.KANKANALA.VINEELA 21K91A04B8
Is Checked for Plagiarism and similarity obtained is
M.INDIRA Co-ordinator Dr. M. MAHESH
Assistant Professor Head of the Department
Internal Guide ECE

4. PLAGIARISM DOCUMENT

5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Any attempt at any level can’t be satisfied completely without the report and guidance of learned
people. These words are not enough to show our gratitude towards them. We would like to express our
token of thanks to them.
We would like to express our immense gratitude to M.INDIRA, Assistant Professor for guiding
and correcting various documents with lot of attention and care.
We owe our gratitude to our Coordinators Dr. P. GAYATHRI Associate Professor, Department
of ECE, Dr. B. SWAPNARANI Associate Professor, Department of ECE and Mr. M.
SATYANARAYANA Assistant professor, Department of ECE, who took keen interest on our project
and guided us all along, till the completion of our project by providing all the necessary information for
developing a good project.
We would like to convey our sincere thanks to Dr. M. MAHESH Head of the Department of
ECE for his support and encouragement in completion of our project.
We express our sincere gratitude to the Principal Dr. D. V. RAVI SHANKAR for the
conductive environment created by him in the college for effective completion of the project undertaken
by us.
We would also like to thank our faculty members without whom this major project would have
been a distant reality.

6. DECLARATION
We here by declare that the project “SMART BABY CARDLE ” is original and bonafide
work carried out by us for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY under the
guidance of M.INDIRA, Associate Professor.
Submitted By
EARROJU.SHIVANI 21K91A0469
GOUDA.SHIVANI 21K91A0488
KANKANALA.VINEELA 21K91A04B8

7. ABSTRACT
The proportion of working mothers has significantly increased in recent years. As a result, many
families now struggle on a daily basis with newborn care. Therefore, the majority of parents send their
children to daycare centres or their grandparents' home. Nevertheless, the parents are unable to keep a
close eye on their infant's health in both typical and unusual circumstances. As a result, an internet of
things-based baby monitoring system (IOT-BBMS) was suggested as a cost-effective and effective IOT-
based solution for real-time monitoring.
In order to improve baby care when parents are away, we have suggested a new algorithm for
our system. The Node Micro-Controller unit (Node MCU) Controller Board is used in the system's
design to collect data that is read by sensors and transmitted over Wi-Fi.
The suggested system makes use of sensors to keep an eye on the baby's vital signs, including crying,
dampness, and ambient temperature. The system architecture was used to design a prototype of the
suggested baby cradle, which includes a motor-driven infant cradle that will swing automatically in
response to the baby's screams. With an external webcam, parents can also keep an eye on their kid's
health and remotely turn on the lullaby toy on the baby cradle to keep them entertained. The suggested
system prototype is built and tested to demonstrate its cost-effectiveness and ease of use, as well as to
guarantee safe operation, allowing baby-parenting to take place anywhere and at any time over the
network.
Lastly, the prototype shows that the baby monitoring system is successful in keeping an eye on the
infant's condition and surroundings.
.

8. INDEX
CONTENT PAGE NO
Chapter 1 Introduction 1-5
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Existing System 3
1.3 Proposed System 4
Chapter 2 Literature Survey 6-8
2.1 Literature Survey 6
Chapter 3 Block Diagram 9-45
3.1 Block Diagram 9
3.2 Hardware Components 10
3.3 Individual Components Explination 10
3.4 Software Description 38
3.5 Ardunio Installation 38
3.6 Blynk App 43
3.7 C++ Program 47
Chapter 4 Design and Implementation 45-47
4.1 Design of Smart Baby Cradle 45
4.2 Working Principle 45
4.3 Implementation 45
Chapter 5 Result Analysis 48-49
Advantages and Disadvantages 50
Applications 50
Conclusion 51
Future Scope 52
References 53

9. LIST OF FIGURES
S.No Name of the figure Page.No
1.1 Old Model Cradle 3
1.2 Smart Cradle Proposed System 5
3.1 Adapter 11
3.2 Sound Sensor 12
3.3 DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor 13
3.4 Connecting Diagram of DHT11 16
3.5 Timing Diagram 17
3.6 Moisture Sensor 17
3.7 Soil Moisture Sensor 20
3.8 Working Principle of Soil Moisture Sensor 21
3.9 Pin Out Diagram 22
3.10 Circuit Diagram - Analog Mode 23
3.11 Servo Motor 24
3.12 L293D Motor Drive 25
3.13 ESP32-CAM 26
3.14 Pin Configuration 28
3.15 ESP8266-ESP-12E version 30
3.16 ESP8266-WI-FI-SOC 31
3.17 ESP8266-Block Diagram 31
3.18 Circuit Diagram 34
3.19 DC Motor 36
3.20 Step 2 Arduino 39
3.21 Step 3 Arduino 39
3.22 Step 5 Arduino 40
3.23 Step 6 Arduino 41
3.24 Step 7 Aduino 42
3.25 Step 8 Arduino 42
3.26 Blynk 43
5.1 Result 48
5.2 Blynk App Notifications 49

10. LIST OF
TABLES
S.NO NAME OF THE TABLE PAGE.NO
3.1 Designator and Parameter 29
3.2 ESP8266 Pin Configuration 33

11. SMART BABY CARDLE
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTIO
N
1.1Introduction
Nowadays, a large number of women are employed in industrialized countries, which has an impact on
how many families care for their infants. Because of the high expense of living, both parents must work. They
still have to care for their infants, though, which adds to their workload and stress levels, particularly for the
mother. It's not always possible for working parents to care for their children. While they work, they either hire
a babysitter or send their children to their parents. Some parents are concerned about their children's safety when
they are in the care of others. Therefore, during their spare time, like lunch or tea break, they return home to see
how their youngsters are doing.
To address these issues, a baby monitoring device that can track the health of the infants in real time is
suggested. A baby monitoring system with no coverage restrictions that consists of a video camera and
microphone. The time required to deal with such crises can be reduced because it can transmit data and instantly
alert the parents about serious issues. Babies typically cry when they need their diaper changed, are hungry,
exhausted, or ill. Since many infants who die from SIDS are discovered in their cribs, SIDS is often referred to
as crib death. Infants younger than 12 months old experience it.
Infants under six months old account for the majority of SIDS deaths. Although experts are still unsure
of the causes of SIDS, allowing the infant to sleep on a hard surface (such as a crib mattress) can lower the risk.
Furthermore, a pillow or other soft surface should not be used for the baby's sleep. Although the reason why
sleeping on such surfaces raises the incidence of SIDS is unknown, the experts caution that it may be hazardous.
For example, a 2003 study found that putting a baby to sleep on soft bedding instead of firm bedding seems to
increase the risk of SIDS by five times. Additionally, it's best to minimize overheating while you sleep. as
keeping babies warm as they sleep, the temperature shouldn't be too high. The risk of SIDS rises in winter or
cold weather when parents overdress their infants or cover them with thicker blankets, which causes them to
overheat. Thus, the room temperature is suitable for the baby if it is comfortable for the adult.

12. SMART BABY CARDLE
A network of items connected to the internet is referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT). It enables
devices to transmit sensor data via the Internet without the need for human involvement. Because the Internet of
Things is such a broad category, it includes a large number of devices and is expanding quickly. According to
an estimate, there will be roughly 26.66 billion active IoT devices in 2019; by 2025, there will be 75 billion IoT
devices globally that are wirelessly connected to the Internet.
Among these networked gadgets, millions of wearable sensors are extensively employed in medical
settings. In 2016, 737 billion dollars were spent globally on the Internet of Things, and by 2020, that amount
was expected to rise to 1.29 trillion dollars. One well-known area that is expected to expand rapidly is IoT.
Control, real-time monitoring, and autonomous or autonomous operation and optimization are the functions of
the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things' goal of making life more convenient may be one of the primary
causes of its enormous growth, as people are more inclined to spend money on items that make their lives
simpler. As a result, the number of IoT applications across various industries is growing. IoT is included into
our infant monitoring system in this study to increase reaction time and provide parents a sense of security.
The primary micro-controller in this project is the Node Micro-Controller Unit (Node MCU) Wi-Fi-
Based Controller Board, an open source platform for Internet of Things applications. It collects the data that the
sensors have read and publishes it to the MQTT server. Additionally, it uses the MQTT server to accept
commands from the user to carry out particular operations. Like other development boards like the Arduino
board and Raspberry Pi, the Node MCU is made up of a physical programmable circuit board. The Arduino
software, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), can be used to program the Node MCU. It allows
users to write instructions and upload the microcontroller.
In most hospitals and maternity homes, the baby cradle (Figure 1) is utilized to soothe and sleep with
newborns. Due to their affordability and ease of use, traditional cradles are utilized in rural and village locations.
However, traditional cradles need labor and are manually swung. They are neither electronically fitted, nor are
they automated. Therefore, in order to monitor the baby's condition in real time and make conventional cradles
more convenient, safe, and effective, they should be automated.

13. SMART BABY CARDLE
This is how the rest of the paper is organized. The background and relevant works are introduced in the
next section. The smart cradle's design and construction are shown in Section III. Section IV provides an
explanation of the architecture, functionality, and implementation of the designed IoT-BBMS system. Section V
highlights the findings and discussion. Lastly, Section VI presents the conclusion reached.
1.2Existing System
An infant bed is a little bed designed specifically for newborns and very young children. It is sometimes
known as a cot in British English and a crib or cradle in American English, or even less frequently, stock. The
purpose of infant cribs, a relatively new invention, is to house a standing youngster. Infant beds' cage-like shape
confines the youngster to the bed. Children between the ages of one and two can climb out of the bed and are
transferred to a toddler bed in order to avoid an injury from falling out of the bed. A picture of a baby crib with
potentially strangling posts In Western nations, infant cribs are more prevalent and are used by most parents as
an alternative to co-sleeping, or sharing a bed.
A saree tied at the two corners of a room was the customary way to put a newborn to sleep. The
conventional approach caused the infant to jerk, which made it uncomfortable for the youngster. Furthermore,
the issue of the infant getting its mattress wet was not identified. This led to the development of illnesses like
cough, rashes, and pneumonia. This could occasionally even be lethal. Sometimes the baby is more sly. It might
attempt to emerge from the cradle. It has frequently been observed that the infant attempts to emerge from the
crib while the mother is not around.
Fig 1.1 Old Model Cradle

14. SMART BABY CARDLE
The infant could sustain severe injuries as a result. It is evident from the explanation above that the
suggested solution is more comfortable than the conventional cradle arrangements. In comparison, they are less
trustworthy.
1.3PROPOSED SYSTEM
A class diagram is not dynamic. It depicts an application's static view. Class diagrams are used to create
executable code for software applications in addition to visualizing, characterizing, and documenting various
system components. The sound sensor will detect the frequency of the baby's crying or noise and begin to
swing. Additionally, parents will receive notice alerts via the BLYNK APP. The parent will receive an alarm
SMS via the BLYNK APP if the infant has soaked the cradle's matrices. Through the BLYNK APP, parents will
receive an alert SMS if the baby's body temperature fluctuates significantly when compared to the surrounding
air. Through the BLYNK APP, the parent will receive an alert notification if the infant moves in the cradle or if
the PIR sensor detects any other movement. If the infant is crying and wetness is detected at the same time, an
alarm will be sent since the baby is crying because of the dampness. The parent will receive a high alert if the
infant continues to cry even after the cradle swing has been in place for five minutes.
The suggested approach has greater dependability. The father is aware of the baby's condition even when
he is at work since he receives a notification message if the infant makes any movement, such as crying or
wetting the mattress. The cradle moves as the motor rotates in response to the baby's screams. The mother's
recorded sound is played if the infant is still crying. Additionally, a notice message is sent to the father. When
the infant attempts to exit the cradle, the cradle's inclination rises above the predetermined threshold, blowing
the buzzer in the kitchen and sending the father, who is seated at the office, a text message. Additionally, if the
infant gets the mattress wet, it will blow an indication and send a text message. An effective and reasonably
priced Internet of Things-based system for real-time monitoring is the Internet of Things-based Baby
Monitoring System (IoT- BBMS).
In order to improve baby care when parents are away, we have suggested a new algorithm for our
system. The ESP32 Controller Board is used in the system's architecture to collect data that is read by the
sensors and sent to the BLYNK APP Server over Wi-Fi. The suggested system makes use of sensors to keep an
eye on the baby's vital signs, including crying, moisture content, and ambient temperature. Using the
AURDINO IDE

15. SMART BABY CARDLE
software, a prototype of the suggested infant cradle was created. The cradle's material is red meranti wood.A
baby cradle that uses a motor to swing automatically in response to the baby's screams is part of the system
architecture. Additionally, parents can remotely turn on the lullaby toy on the baby cradle and check on their
infants' health via an external webcam.
Fig 1.2 Smart Cradle Proposed System
The suggested system prototype is built and tested to demonstrate its cost-effectiveness and ease of use,
as well as to guarantee safe operation, allowing baby-parenting to take place anywhere and at any time over the
network. Lastly, the prototype shows that the baby monitoring system is successful in keeping an eye on the
infant's condition and surroundings.
Any of the following five cradle system modules can be used to operate in any of the following
scenarios: The sound sensor will detect the frequency of the baby's crying or noise and begin to swing.
Additionally, parents will receive an SMS notice via the BLYNK APP. The parent will receive an alarm SMS
via the BLYNK APP if the infant has soaked the cradle's matrices. The parents will receive an alert signal via
the BLYNK APP if the baby's body temperature varies significantly while comparing the atmosphere.
The parent will receive an alarm signal via the BLYNK APP if the sound sensor detects any movement,
including the infant moving in the cradle.

16. SMART BABY CARDLE
2.1Literature Survey
C
HAP
TER
2
LITE
RAT
URE
SUR
VEY
Several nannies were compensated for their work in caring for the infant. There are also baby health care
centers that charge for baby monitoring and calming. Newspapers and news outlets have reported numerous
instances of fraud at these types of centers over time, and we are made aware of them. Though they often simply
have one or two characteristics, some cradles are also created. They were causing problems for the baby's care
or waking the infant from sleep because of those one or two characteristics. We looked over a few papers before
deciding on the system we must create, and the following are the issues we discovered: The first paper was
published in 2016 and is titled "General Idea about Smart Baby Cradle." The authors of this study report claim
that the cradle will swing on its own. However, the baby's slumber was being disturbed by the excessive swing
noise produced by the suggested method. The infant was having issues because the system only had one module.
2015 saw the publication of the second article, "Development of an Intelligent Cradle for Home and Hospital
Use."
According to the author of this research report, the system is made to track the body temperature, bed
wetness, and baby movement. Three modules were provided by the system, which was clearly a beneficial
thing. However, one crucial swinging cradle automated module was missing. The third paper was published in
2015 and is titled "An Automatic Monitoring and Swing the Baby Cradle for Infant Care." The author of this

17. SMART BABY CARDLE
research article claims that a swing mechanism has been installed in the cradle and that a facial expression
reading system was used to assess the baby's safety.Therefore, the cost of the system grew as a result of the
employment of artificial intelligence. The fourth article, titled "Smart Baby Cradle," was released in 2018. The
author included features like video monitoring, cradle swing, and dampness sensing in this study. However,
there was no way to measure the baby's body temperature or room temperature. Aslam Forhad Symon's paper,
"Design and Development of a Smart Baby Monitoring System based on Raspberry Pi and Pi Camera," helps
busy parents keep an eye on their children so they can make sure they are safe and receiving the right care.

18. SMART BABY CARDLE
The proposed system can make it easier and more convenient for busy parents to take care of their babies
by using a Raspberry Pi B+ module to control the hardware, a condenser MIC to detect the baby's crying, a PIR
motion sensor to detect the baby's movement, and a Pi camera to capture the baby's motion. This system can
detect the baby's motion and sound, especially crying, and video output of the baby's current position can be
displayed on a display monitor so that the mother or another responsible person can watch the baby while out of
the baby.
In the paper titled "Advanced Baby Monitor," Shreya Pai created a dependable and effective baby
monitor that can be extremely helpful in giving any infant better care and protection. The design of an advanced
baby monitoring system utilising a Raspberry Pi is presented in this paper. This system keeps an eye on things
like the baby's movements, the temperature and humidity around them, and their activity and sleep patterns. It
also works as a way for parents to keep an eye on their child from a distance. It does this by using a camera to
allow parents to see their child and by sending a live video to the webpage that serves as a reminder to the parent
or carer. In her study, "Baby Monitoring using Sensor and Wireless Camera," Sonal Cynthia Pereira suggested a
way to help working parents. A monitoring system with motion, moisture, temperature, and cry detection
sensors is employed for them. When any of these parameters surpass the recorded values, the system uses a
GSM network to notify the parents.When the motion sensor continuously detects the baby's movements, a video
camera attached to this system records the footage. The camera is controlled by instructions from the
microcontroller. To keep an eye on the baby's vitality, the video will be shown on the screen.
Marie R. Harper came up with the key innovative idea of safe and subsequently shaking support. She set
up a swinging cot that was automated. The inactivity allows the triggering and locking to function under the pre-
established voltages and power of the spring in conjunction with the crib structure at the point where the cradle
is physically tilted in one direction and discharged. As a result, oscillatory motion is produced by the spring-
stacked engine starting to run and the switch that is attached to the housing swaying forward and backward.In
order to shake the cot as if it had been shook by a parent or guardian, a spring-stacked motor was used to
provide repeated movement. Included was a kid cry recogniser that used an intensifier circuit to boost the sound
signal it received.

19. SMART BABY CARDLE
The heartbeat generator circuit generates a heartbeat sign or pulse rate with zero intersections that
coincide with zero intersections of the sound's amplified signal due to the stronger signal. A signal affirmation
circuit receives a beat signal as an input. A symbol indicating that a baby's cry was heard is produced by the
signal affirmation circuit. Electronic devices that are electrically stimulated to shake are attached to the
conventional cot.The cot has affectability supervision so that the child's cries may be identified by the receiver
and cause shaking activity for a considerable amount of time using a clock. Children's voices can be effectively
controlled to simply perform the shaking activity, and a clock can be used to regulate how long the shaking
action lasts.

20. SMART BABY CARDLE
CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE &SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
3.1BLOCK DIAGRAM
Blynk App for
control
Sound Sensor
Blynk IOT
Server
Moisture
Sensor
FAN
DHT11 Sensor
L293D Motor Driver
Servo Motor
DC
Motor(TOY)
NodeMCUESP826
6
Led’s
ESP32 CAM
5v Battery

21. SMART BABY CARDLE
3.2HARDWARE COMPONENTS:
❑12V DC Power supply
❑Sound sensor
❑Servo motor
❑L293D Driver motor
❑Esp32 camera
❑nodeMCUESP8266
❑DC Fan
3.3Individual Components Explanation Adapter
The most popular power adapter is most likely the 12 volt adaptor power supply. A relic from the early
days of electronics, when 12V was a typical battery output voltage, is the 12 Volt Power Supply Adapter. Since
one fundamental design was ubiquitous, the consumer's shift to solid state technology in the car and then at
home was unavoidable. A regulated 12 volt DC output is provided by the 12 volt power adapter, sometimes
referred to as a "Brick," "Desk Wart," or "Floor" supply.
Encased in a plastic protective case, a 12 volt adapter power supply has a mating socket for one of the
three popular IEC cordsets or an AC cable connected. An output cord that connects to your device is then
hooked to 12 Volt Adapter Power Supplies. The output power of our 12 volt adapters ranges from less than 10
watts to more than 60 watts. Numerous devices, including pads, laptop computers, lamps, and transportable
equipment, use the 12 volt adapter power supply. More consumer toys, games, and other household items are
now incorporating them. All have safety certifications from listing companies such as the CE, UL, CSA, and
TUV.
the 12 Volt Adapter Power Supply, there are numerous output cord possibilities, ranging from bare leads

22. SMART BABY CARDLE
to nearly any connection style you might desire. The majority is made up of the "Barrel" connector, sometimes
referred to as the "coaxial power plug." The most popular coaxial plugs have an inner diameter of either 2.1 or
2.5 mm and an outside diameter of 5.5 mm. Please be aware that you cannot use them interchangeably.

23. SMART BABY CARDLE
There are more than 100 "standard" varieties of output connectors, so always make sure the one you're
using matches your equipment. Power Supply for Adapters, 12 Volt Adapter Power Supply The most popular
power adapter is most likely the 12 volt adaptor power supply. The 12V Adapter Supply for your project is
located here. Power supply, 12V adapter, 12V adapter
Fig 3.1 Adapter
Sound Sensor:
This Sound Detection Sensor module is incredibly user-friendly. This sensor will be able to record the
baby's sound. sound sensor. One kind of module used to detect sound is the sound sensor. This module is
typically used to measure sound intensity. This module's primary applications are security, monitoring, and
switches. For convenience, this sensor's accuracy can be adjusted.
A microphone is used by this sensor to supply input to an amplifier, peak detector, and buffer. A
microcontroller receives an o/p voltage signal from this sensor when it detects a sound. It then carries out the
necessary processing.
This sensor can detect noise levels at frequencies of 3 kHz and 6 kHz, roughly where the human ear is
sensitive, within DBs or decibels. A decibel meter is an Android app that can be used on smartphones to
measure sound levels.

24. SMART BABY CARDLE
The following are some of the sound sensor's specifications:
●The operational voltage range is 3 V.
●4 to 5 mA is the operational current.
●The voltage gain is 26 dB (V=6V, f=1kHz).
●The microphone's sensitivity at 1 kHz is between 52 and 48 dB.
●The microphone has an impedance of 2.2k Ohm.
●A microphone's frequency ranges from 16 to 20 kHz.
●The ratio of the signal to the noise is 54 dB.
Fig 3.2 Sound Sensor

25. SMART BABY CARDLE
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR (DHT11):
Fig 3.3 DHT11 Temperature and Humidity sensor
With its calibrated digital signal output, this DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor can detect
temperature and humidity. An 8-bit microprocessor with outstanding performance is integrated with it. Its
technology guarantees exceptional long-term stability and high reliability. This sensor works with wet NTC
temperature measuring devices and has a resistive element. It performs well, is of great quality, responds
quickly, and can prevent interference.
The humidity calibration chamber on each DHT11 sensor is incredibly accurate. We should call these
calibration coefficients as they are stored in the OTP program memory and internal sensors pick up signals
during the operation. To make things quick and simple, the single-wire serial interface system is integrated.
Numerous applications, even the most demanding ones, are made possible by its small size, low power
consumption, and 20-meter signal transmission range. The item is a package of four single row pins. Easy
connection; customised packages can be offered based on user requirements.

26. SMART BABY CARDLE
A hybrid digital temperature and humidity sensor is the DHT11. The sensor's digital signal output for
temperature and humidity is calibrated. To guarantee the product's high dependability and exceptional long-term
stability, a specific digital module collection technology as well as temperature and humidity sensor technology
are used. A high-performance 8-bit microcontroller is coupled to the sensor, which also has an NTC temperature
measurement device and a resistive sense of wet components.
Applications
●HVAC system,
●dehumidifier,
●equipment for testing and inspection,
●Consumer items,
●home appliances,
●weather stations,
●data recorders,
●automobiles and automatic controls Humidity regulator,
●Medical and other devices that measure and regulate humidity.
Features
●Low price,
●stability over time,
●measurement of temperature and relative humidity,
●Outstanding quality,
●prompt answer,
●powerful ability to prevent interference,
●transmission of signals over long distances,

27. SMART BABY CARDLE
●output of a digital signal and accurate calibration.

28. SMART BABY CARDLE
Typical circuit
As seen in the above example of a typical application circuit, the microprocessor's I/O ports are linked to
the DHT11 and DATA pull.
1.The typical application circuit suggests a 20-meter cable length on a 5.1K pull-up resistor, with a resistance of
more than 20 meters beneath the pull-up resistor, depending on the real circumstances.
2.The length of the cable cannot exceed 20 cm when utilising a 3.5V voltage supply. If not, measurement
mistake will result in a deficit of sensor power supply due to the line voltage drop.
3.Although it is not advised to read the sensors frequently, each read sensor interval of more than five
seconds can yield valid data. Each readout of the temperature and humidity readings is the outcome of the most
recent measurement for real-time data.
DHT11 Specifications:
●Voltage range for operation: 3.5V to 5.5V
●Operating current: 60uA (standby) and 0.3mA (measuring)
●Result: Serial information
●Range of Temperature: 0°C to 50°C
●Range of Humidity: 20% to 90%
●Resolution: 16-bit for both temperature and humidity
●Precision: ±1% and ±1°C
DHT11 Equivalent Temperature Sensors:
AM2302, SHT71, DHT22
Other Temperature Sensors:
TMP100, LM75, DS18820, SHT15, LM35DZ, TPA81, D6T, and thermocouple

29. SMART BABY CARDLE
Difference between DHT11 Sensor and module:
The DHT11 sensor is available for purchase as a module or as a sensor. In either case, the sensor's
performance remains same. While the module will have three connectors as indicated above, the sensor will
only use three of the four pins that are included in the box.
The filtering capacitor and pull-up resistor are incorporated within the module, whereas the sensor
requires external use if necessary. That is the sole difference between the two.
Where to use DHT11:
One popular temperature and humidity sensor is the DHT11. A dedicated NTC for temperature
measurement and an 8-bit microcontroller for serial data output of temperature and humidity information are
included with the sensor. Because the sensor is already calibrated, integrating it with other micro-controllers is
simple.
With an accuracy of ±1°C and ±1%, the sensor can measure temperature between 0°C and 50°C and
humidity between 20% and 90%.
How to use DHT11 Sensor:
The DHT11 Sensor is very simple to set up because it is factory calibrated and delivers serial data. This
sensor's connection diagram is displayed below.
Fig 3.4 Connection diagram of DHT11

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As can be seen, a 5K pull-up resistor is employed, and the data pin is connected to an MCU I/O pin. The
temperature and humidity values are serially output from this data pin. There are pre-made libraries for DHT11
that will help you get started quickly if you're attempting to interface it with Arduino.
The data sheet provided below will be useful if you're attempting to link it with another MCU. The data
pin's output will look like this: 8 bits of integer humidity data + 8 bits of humidity decimal data + 8 bits of
integer temperature data + 8 bits of fractional temperature data + 8 bits of parity bit. As seen in the timing
diagram below, the I/O pin must be briefly held low and then held high in order to request that the DHT11
module provide these data.
Fig 3.5 timing diagram
The DHT11 data sheet provides clear instructions and illustrative timing diagrams to explain the
duration of each host signal.
Fig 3.6 Moisture Sensor

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Moisture Sensor:
The moisture sensor is used to determine the soil's moisture content. The output of the module is high
when there is a shortage of water in the soil; otherwise, it is low. This sensor tracks the soil's moisture content
and notifies the user when to water their plants. It has been widely employed in botanical gardening, land
irrigation, and agriculture.
Specifications
●5V is the working voltage.
●Operational Current: <20 mA
●Type of interface: Analogue
●Operational Temperature: 10°C to 30°C
Working Principle of Moisture Sensor
The dielectric permittivity of the surrounding medium is measured by the Soil Moisture Sensor using
capacitance. Dielectric permittivity in soil depends on the amount of water present. A voltage proportionate to
the dielectric permittivity and, consequently, the soil's water content is produced by the sensor. The water
content is averaged throughout the sensor's whole length. The sensor's flat surface has a 2 cm zone of influence,
but at the very margins, its sensitivity is low or nonexistent. The Soil Moisture Sensor is used to monitor soil
moisture content to control irrigation in greenhouses, assess ideal soil moisture contents for different plant
species, measure the amount of moisture lost over time owing to evaporation and plant absorption, and improve
bottle biology research.
An Arduino-powered FC-28 soil moisture sensor. This sensor provides us with the moisture level as an
output after measuring the volumetric content of water in the soil. The sensor may be utilised in both analogue
and digital modes because it has both analogue and digital output. We will interface the sensor in both modes in
this tutorial. Let's get started with our lesson on connecting an Arduino to a soil moisture sensor.

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Working of Sensor
Two probes make up the soil moisture sensor, which measures the volumetric content of water. After
allowing the current to flow through the soil, the two probes measure the resistance in order to determine the
moisture content.
There will be less resistance since the soil will conduct more electricity when there is more water
present. As a result, there will be more wetness. Due to its poor electrical conductivity, dry soil will conduct less
electricity when there is less water present, resulting in increased resistance. As a result, there will be less
moisture.
There are two ways to attach this sensor: analogue and digital. Prior to using it in digital mode, we shall
connect it in analogue mode.
Specifications
The following are the specs of the FC-28 soil moisture sensor.
Input Voltage 3.3 – 5V
Output Voltage 0 – 4.2V
Input Current 35mA
Output Signal Both Analog and Digital
●A soil moisture sensor is made up of two conducting plates that work together as a variable resistor and probe.
●The resistance will drop and the conductivity between the plates will improve when the sensor is
submerged in water.

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Fig 3.7 Soil Moisture Sensor

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Working principle
Fig 3.8 Working principle of soil moisture sensor
●The soil moisture sensor's operation is depicted in the above figure.
●Two conducting plates make up the soil moisture sensor. The second plate is linked straight to ground,
while the first plate is connected to the +5V supply via a 10K ohm series resistance.
●It merely functions as a voltage divider bias network, and the output is drawn straight from the sensor
pin's first terminal, as seen in the above diagram.
●The output will fluctuate between 0 and 5 volts in accordance to changes in the soil's water content.
●The sensor should ideally function as an open circuit, or infinite resistance, when the soil has no moisture.
We obtain 5V at the output under this condition.
Pin Out – Soil Moisture Sensor
There are four pins on the soil moisture sensor FC-28.
●VCC is for power
●A0 is for analogue output.
●D0: Output in digital form
●GND: Ground

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Additionally, the Module has a potentiometer that will establish the threshold value, which the LM393
comparator will then compare. This threshold setting will determine when the output LED turns on and off.
Fig 3.9 Pin Out – Diagram
Analog Mode – Interfacing Soil Moisture Sensor and Arduino
We must use the sensor's analogue output in order to link it in the analogue mode. The soil moisture
sensor FC-28 provides us with a value between 0 and 1023 when we take its analogue output. Since the
moisture content is expressed as a percentage, we will map the numbers from 0 to 100 before displaying them
on the serial monitor. The water pump can be turned on or off based on the various moisture value ranges that
you have defined.

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Circuit Diagram
The following are the connections needed to link the Arduino and the FC-28 soil moisture sensor.
●VCC of the FC-28 to Arduino's 5V
●GND of FC-28 to Arduino GND
●A0 of the FC-28 to Arduino's A0
Fig 3.10 Circuit Diagram – Analog Mode
Servo motor
A servomotor is a linear or rotary actuator that enables accurate control of acceleration, velocity, and
angular position. It is made up of an appropriate motor connected to a position-feedback sensor. Additionally, a
quite complex controller is needed, frequently a specialised module made especially for servomotors. Although
the term "servomotor" is frequently used to describe a motor that is appropriate for use in a closed-loop control
system, it does not relate to a particular class of motor.
A servomotor is a closed-loop servomechanism that regulates its velocity and ultimate position using
position feedback. An analogue or digital signal indicating the output shaft's command position serves as the
input to its control.

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To provide position and speed feedback, the motor is connected to a position encoder of some kind.
Only the position is measured in the most basic scenario. The command position, which is the controller's
external input, is contrasted with the output's measured position. An error signal is produced if the output
position is not what is needed, and the motor rotates in either direction as necessary to move the output shaft to
the proper position. The motor stops when the error signal drops to zero as the places get closer.
To ensure that the motor always runs at maximum speed (or stops), the simplest servomotors use a
potentiometer for position-only detection and bang-bang motor control. This type of servomotor provides the
basis for the inexpensive, simple servos seen in radio-controlled models, despite the fact that it is not commonly
used in industrial motion control. Modern servomotors use optical rotary encoders to track the speed of the
output shaft and variable-speed drives to control the motor speed. These enhancements, which are usually
coupled with a PID control method, allow the servomotor to be delivered to its commanded position more
quickly, more accurately, and with less overshooting.
*
Fig 3.11 Servo Motor

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L293d motor drives
A common motor driver or motor driver IC that enables bidirectional DC motor operation is the L293D.
The 16-pin IC L293D has the ability to simultaneously operate two DC motors in either direction. It indicates
that a single L293D IC can be used to operate two DC motors. Motor Driver Integrated Circuit (IC) with Dual
H- bridge.
For more information, see the Voltage Specification at the bottom of this page. The L293d can also
operate small, silent large motors. The L293D IC can easily purchased at any electronics store and costs about
70 Rupees (INR), or about $1 (approximately), or less. As you read through, you may locate the required circuit
schematic, working pin diagram, logic description, and project. It operates on the H-bridge idea. A circuit
known as an H- bridge permits voltage to flow in either direction. H-bridge ICs are perfect for driving a DC
motor because, as you are aware, voltage must change direction in order to rotate the motor in either an
anticlockwise or clockwise manner.
Two h-Bridge circuits that can independently rotate two DC motors are found inside a single L293D
chip. It is widely used in robotic applications to control DC motors because of its size. The pin diagram for an
L293D motor controller is shown below. According to the pin diagram, the l293d has four input pins: pins 2, 7,
and 15 on the left and 15, 10, on the right. The rotation of the motor connected across the left side will be
controlled by the left input pins, while the motor on the right side will be controlled by the right input. The
inputs sent across the input pins as LOGIC 0 or LOGIC 1 are used to rotate the motors.
Simply , in order to rotate the motor, you must supply Logic 0 or 1 across the input pins.
Fig 3.12 L293D Motor Drive

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Esp32 camera
The ESP32-CAM is a tiny camera module that costs about $10 and uses the ESP32-S microprocessor. In
addition to the OV2640 camera and other GPIOs for connecting accessories, it has a micro SD card slot that can
be used to store data for clients or to keep photos captured by the camera.
Since the ESP32-CAM lacks a USB port, you must use an FTDI programmer in order to upload code
using the U0R and U0T pins, which are serial pins.
The features of the ESP32-CAM are listed below:
●The smallest 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi BT SoC module with a 32-bit CPU
●a clock speed of up to 160MHz
●a summary processing capacity of up to 600 DMIPS
●External 4MPSRAM and built-in 520 KB SRAM
●It has built-in flash lighting and supports OV2640 and OV7670 cameras.
●It also supports UART, SPI, I2C, PWM, ADC, and DAC.
●Multiple sleep modes, embedded Lwip and FreeRTOS,
●support for serial port local and remote firmware upgrades (FOTA),
●support for image WiFI upload,
●support for TF cards,
●support for STA/AP/STA+AP operation modes

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Fig 3.13 ESP32-CAM

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NODEMCU
With just a few lines of Lua code, you may prototype your IOT device with the help of the open-source
Node Mcu firmware and development kit. Espressif Systems created a microcontroller known as the ESP8266.
This module has a wide variety of pin-outs and an integrated USB port. Similar to Arduino, you can
easily flash the NodeMCU devkit by connecting it to your laptop via a micro-USB cable. Additionally, it is
immediately compatible with breadboards.
Features of NodeMCU:
●Open-source
●Interactive
●Programmable
●Low cost
●Simple
●Smart
●WI-FI enabled

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PIN CONFIGURATION:
Fig 3.14 Pin Configuration

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Designator Parameter
C1,C4,C6 100nF (104) ±10% 16V
C2 100uF(107) ±10% 6.3V Case B 3528
C3,C5,C8 10uF(106) ±20% 10V
C7 10uF(106) ±10% 25V
D1 SOD-123 40V,1A,VF=0.45V@1A
LED1
1.6x0.8x0.6 Iv= 35~65mcd
@IF=5mA ESD:1000V
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R7, R8
12KΩ (1202) ±1% 0.0625W [50V TYP] [100V
MAX] T.C.R ±100
R6, R9, R11, R12
470Ω (4700) ±1% 0.0625W [50V TYP] [100V
MAX] T.C.R ±100
R10(Do not install)
0Ω (0R00) ±1% 0.0625W [50V TYP] [100V
MAX] T.C.R ±100
R13
220kΩ (2203) ±1% 0.0625W [50V TYP] [100V
MAX] T.C.R ±100
R14
100kΩ (1003) ±1% 0.0625W [50V TYP] [100V
MAX] T.C.R ±100
Table 3.1 Designator and Parameter

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ESP8266 INTRODUCTION:
An inexpensive MCU with built-in WiFi is the ESP8266. For a rudimentary IoT development platform,
it can be combined with another host microcontroller, such as an Arduino, to enable Wi-Fi networking. With its
32- bit 80 MHz processor, 16 GPIO pins (4 of which are PWM enabled), integrated analog-to-digital converter,
SPI and I2C interfaces, and more, the ESP8266 can also be utilised as a standalone MCU. The MCU's typical
running current is 80 Ma, and its operational voltage ranges from 2.5V to 3.6V.
Fig 3.15 ESP8266 – ESP-12E version
The NodeMCU team has created an open source, complete development board centred around the
ESP8266 that incorporates a 3.3v regulator, a micro-USB port for programming, and an extra USB to Serial
UART adaptor. You can connect the NodeMCU board to your computer right out of the box, install USB
drivers, and begin creating applications that connect to your Wi-Fi network! All of that at an average eBay price
of roughly
$4 USD.
The most widely used and reasonably priced Wi-Fi SoC is the ESP8266, which is made by the Chinese
company Espressif and has a low power 32-bit microcontroller and TCP/IP stack. Espressif is situated in
Shanghai.

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The Internet of Things, or IoT, is a new field these days. This is one of the most widely used and
reasonably priced methods for using Wi-Fi to link "things" to the internet.
Fig 3.16 ESP8266 – Wi-Fi SoC
The ESP8266 is a member of Espressif System's Smart Connectivity Platform (ESCP), a collection of
highly integrated, high-performance wireless SoCs (System on Chip) designed for mobile platform designers
with limited resources. We can store and operate the application on it without the assistance of any external
processors because it is a self-contained Wi-Fi networking solution. If necessary, we can additionally use an
SPI/SDIO or I2C/UART interface to integrate it with another application processor.
Fig 3.17 ESP8266 – Block Diagram

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Features of ESP8266
●Integrated TCP/IP protocol stack
●integrated low power 32-bit MCU
●integrated 10-bit ADC
●integrated TR switch, balun
●LNA, power amplifier and matching network
●integrated PLL,regulators, and power management units
●support for antenna diversity
●WiFi 2.4 GHz, support for WPA/WPA2
●support for STA/AP/STA+AP operation modes and support for Smart Link Function for both iOS and
Android devices
●A-MPDU & A-MSDU aggregation & 0.4s guard interval
●SDIO 2.0, (H) SPI, UART, I2C, I2S, IR Remote Control, PWM, GPIO
●STBC, 1x1 MIMO, 2x1 MIMO
●Deep sleep power < 5uA
●Wake up and send packets in < 2ms; Standby power usage of < 1.0mW (DTIM3)
●Certified by the FCC, CE, TELEC, Wi-Fi Alliance, and SRRC
●Operating temperature range: -40°C to 125°C
●+20 dBm output power in 802.11b mode

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ESP8266 Pin Configuration
Pin
Number
Pin
Name
Alternat
e Name
Normally used forAlternate purpose
1 Ground -
plugged into the circuit's
ground
-
2 TX GPIO – 1
connected to the uC's Rx pin in
order to upload the program
Can act as a General
purpose
Input/output pin
when not used as
TX
3 GPIO-2 -
General purpose
Input/output
pin
-
4 CH_EN - Chip Enable – Active high -
5 GPIO - 0 Flash
General purpose
Input/output
pin
Takes module into
serial programming
when held low
during start up
6 Reset - Resets the module -
7 RX GPIO - 3
General purpose
Input/output
pin
Can act as a General
purpose
Input/output pin
when not used as
RX
8 Vcc - Connect to +3.3V only
Table 3.2 ESP8266 Pin Configuration
Where is the ESP8266 used?
An inexpensive and incredibly user-friendly tool for internet access is the ESP8266. Because the module
can function as both a station (which can connect to Wi-Fi) and an access point (which can establish hotspot), it
can readily retrieve data and upload it to the internet, making the Internet of Things as simple as feasible. It can
also use APIs to retrieve data from the internet, thus our project can access any information on the internet,
making it more intelligent. This module's ability to be programmed using the Arduino IDE, which greatly

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improves its usability, is another intriguing feature.

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Usage of the ESP8266 Module
Although there are other approaches and IDEs for working with ESP modules, the Arduino IDE is the
most widely utilised. Only 3.3V is needed for the ESP8266 module to function; any higher voltage would cause
the module to malfunction. The FTDI board that supports 3.3V programming can be used to program an ESP-
01. The ESP-01 powering up issue is a common issue that everyone encounters. When programming, the
module uses a lot of power.
You can either use a potential divider or a 3.3V pin on the Arduino to supply it. Therefore, it is crucial
to create a tiny 3.31v voltage regulator that can deliver at least 500mA. The LM317 is one regulator that is
suggested. Below is a simplified circuit diagram for the ESP8266-01 module.
Fig 3.18 Circuit diagram
To keep the GPIO-0 pin grounded, press the SW2 (Programming Switch) switch. In this manner, we can
upload the code and switch to programming mode. The switch can be released when the code is made public.

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Applications
●Smart home automation,
●wireless data tracking
●access point portals,
●IOT projects
●Learn the fundamentals of networking
●portable electronics
●smart sockets and bulbs
DC FAN
This exhaust cooling fan is small. This fan is about the size of your hand. 12V DC is its operating
voltage. It has no trouble operating on a basic 12V battery. The maximum speed at which this tiny fan can
operate is between 6800 and 13000 rpm. The fan's body is constructed from a blend of plastic and resin. The fan
is strengthened and insulated by the combination. Because of its construction, it weighs little and is sturdy
enough to withstand occasional drops on the ground. Therefore, you are in the proper location if you're
searching for a single fan that offers the ideal balance of strength and insulation.
Features :-
●Very light in weight
●So small in size just as the size of your palm
●12V DC is enough to run this little guy
●It can withstand high room temperature.
Specifications: -
●Model name: 4010
●Working voltage: 12V
●Lightweight

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●Durable
●Dimensions of the fan: 40mm x 40mm x 10mm
●Comes with two red and black wires attached

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Package Includes :-
1 X DC 12V 4010 Cooling Fan - 40X40X10 mm Size
DC MOTOR
What is DC Motor?
An electric motor powered by direct current (DC) electricity is known as a DC motor. Simple
electromagnetism is the foundation of any electric motor's operation. When a current-carrying conductor is
exposed to an external magnetic field, it produces a magnetic field that is proportional to the conductor's current
and the strength of the external magnetic field. Playing with magnets as a child taught you that like polarities
(South and South, North and North) repel one another, while opposite polarities (North and South) attract. A DC
motor's internal structure is made to use the magnetic interaction between an external magnetic field and a
current- carrying conductor to produce rotating motion.
Let's begin by examining a basic two-pole DC electric motor, where a "South" polarised magnet or
winding is represented by green and a "North" polarised magnet or winding is represented by red.
Fig.3.19 DC motor

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Axle, rotor (also known as armature), stator, commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes are the six
fundamental components of every DC motor. High-strength permanent magnets generate the external magnetic
field in the majority of DC motors1. The motor casing and two or more permanent magnet pole pieces make up
the stator, which is the motor's stationary component. In relation to the stator, the rotor revolves. Usually on a
core, the rotor is made up of windings that are electrically coupled to the commutator. A typical motor
configuration is depicted in the diagram above, where the rotor is positioned inside the stator (field) magnets.
When power is given, the polarities of the energised winding and the stator magnet or magnets are
misaligned due to the brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings' shape. As a result, the rotor rotates
until it nearly aligns with the stator's field magnets. The brushes advance to the subsequent commutator contacts
and energise the subsequent winding as the rotor aligns. The rotation of our two-pole motor example causes the
current flowing through the rotor winding to reverse, causing the rotor's magnetic field to "flip" and continue to
rotate.
However, DC motors almost typically have more than two poles in real life (three is a popular number).
This specifically prevents "dead spots" in the commutator. You can see how the rotor of our example two-pole
motor would become "stuck" in the middle of its revolution if it were precisely aligned with the field magnets.
In contrast, when both brushes touch both commutator contacts at the same time in a two-pole motor, the
commutator shorts off the power source. In addition to wasting energy and harming motor components, this
would be detrimental to the power supply. A significant quantity of torque "ripple" is yet another drawback of
such a basic motor.
Given that the majority of small DC motors have three poles, let's experiment with how one operates
using an interactive animation (JavaScript required):

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One pole is fully energised at a moment, but two others are "partially" energised. This is one of the
things you'll notice. The field of one coil will quickly collapse as each brush moves from one commutator
contact to the next, while the field of the subsequent coil will quickly charge up (this happens within a few
microseconds). As you can see, this is a direct outcome of the coil windings being wired in series. We'll learn
more about the ramifications of this later.
3.4Software Description
ARDUINO IDE
BLYNK APP C+
+ PROGRAM
Creating Project in Arduino 1.7.11 version
3.5Arduino Installation:
This will teach us how to install the Arduino IDE and link the Arduino Uno to the Arduino IDE.
Step 1
First, we need a USB wire and an Arduino board (you can choose your own board). We will need a standard
USB cable (A plug to B plug) if we are using an Adriana UNO, Arduino Duemilanove, Nano, Arduino Mega
2560, or Diecimila. If we are using an Arduino Nano, we will need an A to Mini-B cable.
Step 2
Get the Arduino IDE software. The Arduino Official website's Download page offers a variety of Arduino IDE
versions. We need to choose software that works with our operating system (Linux, iOS, or Windows). Unzip
the file once the wear file has finished downloading.

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Fig.3.20: Step 2 Arduino
Step 3
The Arduino UNO, Mega, Duemilanove, and Nano automatically draw power from an external power
source or from a USB connection to the computer. Make sure the Arduino Diecimila is set up to receive power
via the USB connection if you plan to use one. A jumper, which is a little piece of plastic that slots onto two of
the three pins between the power and USB connectors, is used to select the power source.
Fig.3.21: Step 3 Arduino
Verify that it is positioned on the two pins nearest the USB port.
Use the USB cord to connect the Arduino board to the PC. The PWR-labeled green power LED ought to
illuminate.

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Step 4
We must unzip the folder containing our Arduino IDE software after it has been downloaded. The
application icon with the infinite label (application.exe) is located inside the folder.
To launch the IDE, double-click the icon.
Step 5
After the software launches, we have two choices.
Make a new project or open an example of an existing one.
Choose File → New to start a new project.
You can choose File → Example → Basics → Blink to access an existing project example. Here, we're
only going to pick one of the Blink instances. It has a slight delay in turning the LED on and off. From the
list, we can choose any other example.
Fig.3.22 Step 5 Arduino
Launch an example project that already
exists. Choose File → New to start a new
project.
You can choose File → Example → Basics → Blink to access an existing project example.
Here, we're only going to pick one of the Blink instances. It has a slight delay in turning the LED on and
off. From the list, we can choose any other example.

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Step 6
We must choose the correct Arduino board name that corresponds with the board that is connected
to our computer in order to prevent any errors while uploading our application to the board. Choose wear
board under Tools → Board.
Here, we have chosen an Arduino Uno board in accordance with our guide; however, we need to choose
a name that corresponds to the board we are using.
We must choose the correct Arduino board name that corresponds with the board that is connected to our
computer in order to prevent any errors while uploading our application to the board.
Choose wear board under Tools → Board.
Here, we have chosen an Arduino Uno board in accordance with our guide; however, we need to choose a name
that corresponds to the board we are using.
Fig.3.23 Step 6 Arduino

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Step 7
Fig.3.24: Step 7 Arduino
Choose the Arduino board's serial device. Select the Tools → Serial Port option. Since COM1 and COM2
are typically designated for hardware serial ports, this is most likely COM3 or higher. We can find out by
disconnecting our Arduino board and opening the menu again. The Arduino board should be the source
of the disappearing entry. Choose that serial port after reconnecting the board.
Step 8
We must first show how each symbol in the Arduino IDE toolbar works before describing how to upload our
software to the board.

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Fig.3.25: Step 8 Arduino

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To see if there are any compilation errors, use a
A program is uploaded to the Arduino board via B.
C is a shortcut for making a new sketch.
D Used to open an example sketch
−
directly. E: Used for sketch storage.
To send the serial to the board and receive the serial data from the board, use the F Serial
−
monitor. Now just click the environment's "Upload" button. After a few seconds, the board's RX
and TX LEDs will begin to flash. The status bar will display the message "Done uploading" if the
upload was successful.
3.6Blynk
App How It
Works
The Internet of Things was the target market for Blynk. It has several fascinating features, including the
ability to store and visualise data, show sensor data, and remotely operate gear. The platform consists of three
main parts:
Fig3.26: Blynk

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Blynk App - enables you to use the different widgets we offer to create stunning interfaces for your projects.

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Blynk Server -is charge of all communications between the hardware and the smartphone. You can host your
private Blynk server locally or utilise our Blynk Cloud. It can run on a Raspberry Pi, is open-source, and can
easily manage thousands of devices.
Blynk Libraries - Enable communication with the server and handle all incoming and outgoing commands
for all of the widely used hardware platforms. Imagine that each time you click a button in the Blynk app, the
message will miraculously make its way to your device via the Blynk Cloud. In the opposite way, it operates
similarly, and everything occurs quickly.
Features
All supported hardware and devices have similar APIs and user interfaces. Cloud connection is made using:
●WiFi, Bluetooth
●BLE, Ethernet
●USB (Serial)
●GSM and a collection of user-friendly widgets
●Direct pin manipulation without the need for code writing Virtual pins make it simple to integrate and
add new functionality.
Basic Blynk features are covered in example sketches. They're part of the library. Every sketch is made to be
readily integrated with the others.
HOW TO UES BLYNK APP
You may be thinking, "Okay, I want it," at this point. What am I going to need to begin? – Really, just a
few things:
1.Hardware
A Raspberry Pi, Arduino, or other comparable development kit. Blynk uses the Internet to operate. This
implies that the device you select needs to have internet connectivity. The ESP8266, Raspberry Pi with WI-FI
dongle, Particle Photon, and Spark Fun Blynk Board are examples of boards that are already Internet-enabled,
while others, like the Arduino Uno, require an Ethernet or WI-FI shield in order to interact. Even without a
shield, though, you can connect it to your desktop or laptop via USB (it's a little trickier for beginners, but we've
got you covered). The list of hardware compatible with Blynk is extensive and will continue to expand, which is

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nice.

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2.Smartphone
An excellent example of an interface builder is the Blynk App. No holy battles here, okay? It works on
both iOS and Android
3.7C++ PROGRAM
C++ was new, object-oriented programming was just coming on the scene. This revolutionary type
of computer programming transformed the coding world with its promise of more sophisticated virtual data
types and objects.
An object is a data type that contains both data and functions built into its architecture in object-oriented
programming. Programmers generally thought of a code-base as being made up of separate command line
instructions before the invention of object-oriented programming. A novel method of packaging and automating
code development resulted from the identification of objects having built-in data and functions.
The C++ Stack For an excellent example of object-oriented programming in C++, one of the most
notable and useful features of the language was the C++ stack.A virtual last in, first out sequential storage
container with a defined set of components is what the C++ stack class in C++ is known for. The "push" and
"pop" operations either pop the first item from the top of the stack that becomes accessible or push a new
item to the bottom. To accomplish objectives involving variable evaluation and functional operations inside
a codebase, programmers have employed the C++ stack in a variety of ways.
The language also makes use of the concepts of inheritance, which allows one class to inherit specific
characteristics or traits from another, and encapsulation, which identifies usage models.

65. SMART BABY CARDLE
CHAPTER 4
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1Design Of Smart Baby Cradle
Every product needs a complete design with exact measurement before it can be fabricated. The design
plays a fundamental role in this project.
4.2Working Principle
When we turn on this device, the sound sensor detects when the baby cries. It then sends a command to
the microcontroller, which processes the data and instructs the servo motor to oscillate the cradle.
The notification will be sent simultaneously to the Blynk server and the Blynk app that is installed on the
parent device.
The parent can monitor the infant around-the-clock by using the notification to perform various tasks,
such as wirelessly manipulating the toy and speaking.
4.3Implementation
The complete circuit uses a 12 V DC output converter in the specific implementation of the design system.
Additionally, the ESP32 is designed to connect to a specific wifi network using 12V DC.
ESP32 MC Through the Aurdino IDE, each sensor's code operates independently of the others. In this
case, the code sequence needs to be set up in accordance with the overall monitoring system design. In this case,
the code sequence needs to be set up in accordance with the overall monitoring system design.
We must first set up wifi in our home and connect it to the MC. The cradle swings thanks to the
implementation of the rotatory actuator system. When the infant cries, this mechanism helps the cradle swing.

66. SMART BABY CARDLE
Fig.4.1 Schematic Diagram
The ARP33A3 audio voice module is been implemented which is a powerful audio processos
along with high-performance audio-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to- analog converters
(DACS).
This is designed for the simple key trigger. The user can record and play the message.The real-
time camera is been used for visual monitoring of the baby's situation.
Here the quality of the camera can be viewed at night with high defination this Camera
records the night view of the cradle and the surrounding of the cradle

67. SMART BABY CARDLE
CHAPTER 5
RESULT
ANALYSIS
A detailed presentation of IoT-BBMS is given. displays the completed smart cradle prototype. Before the
smart cradle's control system was put into place, a number of production processes were completed.
SMART CRADLE
Fig 5.1 Result

68. SMART BABY CARDLE
Figure 5.2 Blynk App Notifications

69. SMART BABY CARDLE
ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES AND APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
●Easy for parents to monitor their baby.
●Provides security.
●Small in size.
●Lightweight.
●It is portable and easy to move about.
●Simple to use.
●Cost efficient.
●less power consumption.
DISADVANTAGES
●This system is inoperable without internet access.
APPLICATIONS
●Analysis of Infant Activities
●Video Enhancement.
●Instant Mobile App Notification.

70. SMART BABY CARDLE
●Better Monitoring of Baby.
●Real-Time Database.

71. SMART BABY CARDLE
CONCLUSION
Smart cradle system using IOT. For an infant, this support will go about as a sitter for around 2 years.
Innovation has been created in an extraordinary manner that it makes human work more straightforward. The
ideal solution for current guardians who lack sufficient time for their children is the programmed electronic
infant support.This programmed child support would let the working mother work as well as take care of the
child. It is affordable and easy to use. The programmed child support can be utilized in medical clinics and
home. It is helpful for working guardians and medical clinics to take care of infants.

72. SMART BABY CARDLE
FUTURE SCOPE
Other modules, such as a PIR sensor to detect motion or a camera to view the surroundings or the person
who has been around the infant, can be added to improve the baby's protection beyond the bare minimum. With
the aid of a GSM module, we may use the same circuit to increase the signals' range. Parents can keep an eye on
their child while on business trips for firms by using the GSM module to send a message to them even if they
are in a different city or country.

73. SMART BABY CARDLE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.https://www.ijbmi.org/papers/Vol(6)4/version-2/D0604022124.pdf
2.https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2003077.pdf
3.http://www.ijirset.com/upload/2020/march/58_EC212_MCS.PDF
4.https://www.ijitee.org/wp-content/uploads/papers/v8i9/I8656078919.pdf
5.https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i10/IRJET-V6I10283.pdf
6.file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/s2019.pdf
7.file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/IoT-
BBMS_Internet_of_Things-
Based_Baby_Monitoring_System_for_Smart_Cradle.pdf

74. SMART BABY CARDLE
GLOSSARY
1.NODE - NETWORK AND DESINE ENGINEERING SYSTEM
2.MCU - MICRO CONTROLLER UNIT
3.ESP2 - EXTRA- SENSOR PERCOPTION
4.L293D -OUTPUT CLOMP DIODES FOR INDUCTION
TRASISMIT SUPPRESSION
5.WI-FI- WIRELESS FIDELITY
6.DC - DIRECT CURRENT
7.GSM - GRAMS PER SQUARE METER
8.IDE - INTEGRATED DEVOLOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
9.UNO - ONE IN ITALION
10.IOS - IPHONE OPERATING SYSTEM