Social issues in india

Present study is an attempt to investigate the problem of domestic violence against women in India, its causes and consequences.

1. Presented By : Yugal Patil

2. CONTENTS Introduction Social issues in India Domestic violence against Women Domestic violence in “India” Objectives Data and Methodology Conclusion Recommendation

3. SOCIAL ISSUES Many people affected by the same problem is called as social issues. Whenever the people of a certain society are deprived from their basic social rights, the social issues arises.

4. SOCIAL ISSUES IN “INDIA” Domestic violence against women Child labor Poverty Corruption Drug addiction Illiteracy Population explosion Terrorism………………………………………………………………….etc.

5. Definition : “ Pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by the partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner” is known as Domestic Violence. ( U.S. Office on violence against women)

6. (30 %) (6 %) (13 %) (3 %) (5 %) (12 %)

7. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE IN “INDIA” Every third women , since the age of 15, has faced domestic violence of various forms in the country, reported the National Family Health Survey ( NFHS-4). According to the survey, 30% of women have experienced physical violence since the age 15 in India. This experience of physical violence among women is more common in rural areas than among women in urban areas. Domestic violence cases, where women reported physical abuse in rural and urban areas, were at 29% and 23% respectively . Most of the times perpetrators of this violence have been the husbands. 31% of married women have experienced domestic violence by their spouses. The most common type of spousal violence is physical violence ( 30% ), followed by emotional violence ( 13% ).

8. OBJECTIVES Present study is an attempt to investigate the problem of domestic violence against women in India, its causes and consequences. Violence against women is now widely recognized as an important public health problem, owing to its health consequences. Violence against women among many Indian communities on a regularly basis goes unreported . The objective of this study is to report the prevalence and other related issues of various forms of domestic violence against women from “India”.

9. Data and Methodology The Report presents a state level comparison of existing situation regarding Violence against women using indices. The secondary data for the reported incidents for various forms of violence against women prevalent in India ( 29 states & 7 UT ) have been obtained through National Crime Records Bureau( NCRB ). Calculation of crime rate: Crime Rate for various states and UT’s is calculated as crime committed against women per lakh female population. The following formula has been used for calculating crime rate for this study : Total crime incidences committed against women × 100000 Total female population of that state

10. Standardization of Data: The cases of violence against women per lakh female population have been calculated for various forms of violence for each state and UT separately. The data is then standardized in the range of 1-100 for each state and UT separately . This is important when dealing with parameters of different units and scales. Because for comparison, all parameters should have the same scale and units. Standardization of data scales all numeric variables in the range [0,1] . The formula that has been used to standardize the data for violence against women is given as: X new = ( X ij – X max )/ ( X max – X min ) where X ij = crime rate of a particular crime for a particular state of, X max is the maximum rate of crime for a particular crime and X min is minimum crime rate for a particular crime.

11. Calculation of Index Number: The index number for each state for various forms of crimes prevalent against women is calculated by adding the standardized values of various crimes committed against women for each state & UT separately and the value so obtained is the index number for violence against women of that particular state. The state possessing the maximum value of index number is the state having least rate of violence against Women and the one with minimum index number is the state where violent against women is most prevalent . Ranking of States: The states have been ranked on the basis of index number obtained for each state. The state with maximum index number is ranked as first which implies that minimum cases of violence against women in that state have been reported in that particular year and vice-versa.

12. comparison of each state / UT in terms of their index number Sr. No. States/UT Index Number Rank 1 Andhra Pradesh 589.11 17 2 Arunachal Pradesh 616.79 14 3 Assam 530.51 25 4 Bihar 519.53 26 5 Chhattisgarh 627.22 12 6 Goa 657.45 7 7 Gujarat 671.33 5 8 Haryana 530.87 24 9 Himachal Pradesh 619.59 13 10 Jammu & Kashmir 681.83 2 11 Jharkhand 506.05 28 12 Karnataka 578.14 18 13 Kerala 538.68 23 14 Madhya Pradesh 544.09 20 15 Maharashtra 646.07 8 16 Manipur 679.71 3 17 Meghalaya 597.22 16 18 Mizpram 659.27 6 19 Nagaland 686.76 1 Sr. No. States/UT Index Number Rank 20 Orissa 519.49 27 21 Punjab 640.95 9 22 Rajasthan 545.22 19 23 Sikkim 632.73 10 24 Tamil nadu 674.21 4 25 Telangna 540.82 22 26 Tripura 597.64 15 27 Uttar Pradesh 332.99 29 28 Uttarakhand 630.7 11 29 West Bengal 543.36 21   UNION TERRITORIES:     30 Andaman & Nicobar 670.68 3 31 Chandigarh 594.54 5 32 D & N Haveli 659.88 4 33 Daman & Diu 686.4 2 34 Delhi 190.7 7 35 Lakshwadeep 692.29 1 36 Punducherry 589.84 6

13. Domestic Violence Against Women

14. CONCLUSION A total of 133154 cases have been reported under Domestic Violence in India. Delhi reported the highest cases of Domestic Violence against women having index number 190.7 followed by Uttar Pradesh having index number 332.99 followed by Jharkhand showing index number 506.55. Nagaland shows the highest index number (686.86) and thus , is ranked first among all the States which implies that least cases of domestic violence have been reported in Nagaland Among the Union Territories, Lakshadweep (692.29 ) reported the least cases of domestic violence and is ranked first followed by Daman & Diu (686.40) and Andaman & Nicobar(670.68). The most prevalent form of Domestic Violence in India (as per NCRB Report) is Cruelty by Husband/Relatives . 1,10,378 cases have been reported in India which accounts for 82.9% of total domestic violence in India.

15. RECOMMENDATION Domestic violence against women shows that there is only theoretical constitutional equality for men and women but in practice women are not considered as equal as men in the patriarchal form of society like India. Legal provisions against perpetrators of domestic violence are strictly enforced so that no one can leave without punishment . The central and state government should develop , enlarge and strengthen social support service programs for that women who are victims of domestic violence . Thus educating the women and make them economic independent should be encouraged as it may be deterrent to domestic violence.

16. REFFERENCEs National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4)

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