social sciences statistical package ppt.

SPSS

1. College of Health Sciences Department of Public Health Data management and software application Derara Girma (BSc, MPH/Epidemiology) Email : [email protected] January 9, 2023 1

2. Introduction to SPSS Software Package January 9, 2023 2

3. Objectives At the end of this session students are able to: Conceptualize the synopsis of SPSS Identify the different windows in SPSS Define variables, enter, manipulate, and save data Manage and analyze data, produce graphs Interpret the results of data analysis using different assumptions January 9, 2023 3

4. Introduction to SPSS SPSS was originally launched in 1968 by SPSS Inc., and was later acquired by IBM in 2009. Distributed for data management and statistical analysis. The SPSS software package is continually being updated & improved. The data from other software's can be exported to SPSS for detailed analysis. January 9, 2023 4

5. Introduction to SPSS… Window name (Title bar) Menu bar Workflow tool bar January 9, 2023 5

6. SPSS Windows There are three main and separate windows: The Data Editor window* sav extension . data&variable viw , The Output (Viewer) window *. Spv extension ,display table,chart,comand Statistical data,Display output data. The Syntax Editor window *. sps extension = excute,run-all,exciting all progrm January 9, 2023 6

7. SPSS Windows It is important to know in which window one is working because each window supports a specific function . Window name January 9, 2023 7

8. 1. Data editor window It is the view where we see our data It is useful to see and manipulate the data It has *.sav extension It has two views: Data view and Variable view Views can be exchanged by clicking the view we desire at the left most lower side of the data editor. January 9, 2023 8

9. 1. Data editor window… Variable view Data view January 9, 2023 9

10. 1. Data editor window… 1. Data view Simple observation of: Variables name Variables value We are able to edit directly the values of variables. Data can be entered when SPSS is in data view January 9, 2023 10

11. 1. Data editor window… Data view… Row A horizontally recorded Single study subject’s information. Column A vertically recorded single Variable’s value across all study subjects. January 9, 2023 11

12. 1. Data editor window… 2 . Variable view It is important to create new variables in SPSS It is by writing name of variable, type of variable, its label and its value January 9, 2023 12

13. 2 . Variable view… 1. Naming of variables - rules Must be unique Must begin with a letter or symbol @ Only letters, numbers, the period (.), underscore ( _ ), and the $, #, and @ symbols can be used within variable names Names must not end with as period. Names can be safely written up to 32 characters long. Spaces are not allowed within variable names Name of variable should not start using number Example: Agegroup (correct) vs age group (incorrect) p01age (correct) vs 01age (incorrect) January 9, 2023 13

14. 2. Variable Type - specifies the data type for each variable. Numeric: for countable (quantitative) only accepting numerical (coding of categorical variables is possible) Date: characteristics it can use different styles of dates String: if we interested in words. ( alphanumeric variables  or  character variables). 2 . Variable view… January 9, 2023 14

15. 2. Variable view… 4. Decimals Number of decimals It has to be ≤ 16 If it is date or string variable, it will not request you decimals 15

16. 2 . Variable view… 5. Label of the variables It’s detailed description of the variable name You can write characters with spaces up to 256 characters January 9, 2023 16

17. 2 . Variable view… 6. Values of the variable It’s is the description of values of variables of categorical variables coded as quantitative. It is for variables whose values are nominated . Eg. ‘Sex’ (1. male, 2. female) ‘Residence’(1. urban, 2. rural) For continuous variables, no value is needed to be coded January 9, 2023 17

18. Defining the value labels Click the cell in the values column as shown below For the value, and the label, you can put up to 60 characters. After defining the values click add and click OK. 2 . Variable view… click Write the value first Write its meaning Click “add” to pass Click “ok” to finish 18

19. 2 . Variable view… 7. Missing Specify what is to be entered for a value that is missing for a variable. Arise when no data value is saved for the variable in observation . click January 9, 2023 19

20. 2 . Variable view… 8. Columns Determine the space of a column of a variable The width of each column in the data view spreadsheet. January 9, 2023 20

21. 2 . Variable view… 9. Align The alignment of content in the cells of the SPSS Data View spreadsheet. Options include Left-justified, Right-justified, or Center-justified. January 9, 2023 21

22. 2 . Variable view… 10. measure The level of measurement for the variable (e.g., nominal, ordinal, or scale ). Nominal for categorical, ordinal for ordered type and scale for numerical . click January 9, 2023 22

23. 2 . Variable view… 11. ROLE The role that a variable will play in your analyses (i.e., independent variable, dependent variable, both indpt and dpt). Input :  The variable will be used as a independent variable ( the default assignment for variables). Target:  The variable will be used as an dependent variable. Both:  The variable will be used as both indpt and dpt. None:  The variable has no role. Partition:  The variable will partition the data into separate samples. Split:  Used with the IBM® SPSS® Modeler (not IBM® SPSS® Statistics). click January 9, 2023 23

24. Saving data file in SPSS 1. File 2. Save as 3. By clicking HERE you can choose where to save your file. 4. By typing HERE you can give your file a name. 5. By clicking HERE you can choose a type of your data file. 6. Click here to save. January 9, 2023 24

25. 2. The Viewer window The Viewer window displays all Statistical results, Tables, and Charts Commands…etc. It has *.spv extension January 9, 2023 25

26. 2. The Viewer window… Output in detail Output in outline Title bar and menu bar in output window January 9, 2023 26

27. 3. The Syntax Editor It is the window in which SPSS commands can be typed and submitted for processing . Commands saved in files can be opened in a syntax Editor Window for processing. It has *.sps extension Clicking here can produce a syntax Program that can be reproduced later January 9, 2023 27

28. 3. The Syntax Editor… Program with a command Syntax menu Clicking here will execute a command January 9, 2023 28

29. Once a syntax is written, we are able to execute it. In excuting a syntax we are able to do the whole program as whole or by selecting part of the syntax To do the whole syntax, select the ‘run’ from the pulldown menu of the syntax and select ‘all’ To excute part of the syntax, shade it and run the file 3. The Syntax Editor… January 9, 2023 29

30. Opening an existing data file From already entered and saved data file: In SPSS having ‘*.sav’ extension or Different package such as EPI info, Excel, SAS, Stata or dBase etc. In data editor window, Choose the file type , and then browse and select your file so it appears by file name. File Open Data January 9, 2023 30

31. Opening an existing data file… By clicking the file type , you are able to find the type of extension By clicking the here , you are able to find where your file is. you can search your file name by typing here. January 9, 2023 31

32. End!