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1. SOCIETY

2. Definitions A society is a larger group to which any individual belongs - Green. Society is a web of social relationships – Maclver . Society is not a group of people, it is the system of relationships that exists between the individuals of the group – Prof. Wright. Society is the complex of organized associations and institutions within the community – G.D.H.Cole . Society is the union itself , the organization, the sum of formal relationship in which associating individuals are bound together – Ginsberg.

3. THE FUNCTIONAL DEFINITION Society is a complex of groups of reciprocal relationships, interacting upon one another, enabling human organisms to carry on their life-activities and helping each persons to fulfill his wishes and accomplish his interests in association with his fellows. Subscribed by Maclver , Parsons, Lapiere , Cooley and Leacock.

4. STRUCTURAL DEFINITION Society is the total social heritage of folkways, mores and institutions; of habits, sentiments and ideals. Subscribed by Ginsberg, Giddings, Cole and Cuber .

5. Society and social relationships Society means likeness Society also implies differences. Differences subordinate to likeness. Inter-dependence Co-operation

6. Elements of the Society In every society there are differences concerned with marriage, education, religion, food habits, and speech etc. which differs from society to society. There are procedures i.e. modes of action in every society which maintains its unity and organization. The presence of an authority is necessary to maintain order in a society. No society can be stable unless there is a feeling of mutual aid among its members.

7. Elements of the Society ( contd …) In a society there are several groupings and divisions such as family, village, city etc. Controls are necessary for the organization of the society. Liberty and control go together in a society. Without liberty man cannot develop his personality. Control upon an individual’s behavior is not meant to destroy his liberty but to promote and protect it.

8. Community – Some definitions A community is a cluster of people, living within a contiguous small areas, who share a common way of life – Green Arnold. A community is that collectivity the members of which share a common territorial are as their base of operation for daily activities – Talcott Parsons. Community is “a social group with some degree of “we feeling” and living in given area” – Bogardus . Community is “a human population living within a limited geographic area and carrying on a common inter-dependent life” – Lundberg.

9. Elements of a Community Group of people Locality Common sentiment Permanency Naturality Likeness Wider ends A particular name No legal status Size of the community

10. Difference between community and society Community Society Community sentiment among the members is necessary. People live together in a particular locality. It is the species of society. Many communities exist everywhere. It is concrete Gemeinschaft . (faith, customs, natural solidarity, common ownership of property, common will. 4 types – village or rural, city or urban, nation and world. Includes every relation which is established among the people. Has no definite boundaries or assignable limits. Society has community inside. Collection of many communities. It is abstract Gesellschaft . (doctrine, public opinion, fashion, contractual solidarity, private property and individual will. No divisions.