Software engineering module 3 notes for btech and mca

Software engineer

1. Module 3

2. Project Management Processes and Activities: Project Life Cycle In- Stream activities Project initiation Activities, Outputs, Quality Records, Completion criteria, Project Planning and Tracking Components, Activities specific to project tracking, Project Closure Effective closure Process, Issues, Metrics for Project Closure

3. Project Life Cycle Intake Initiation Planning Product Selection Execution Monitoring & Control Closure

4. Project initiation Activities Outputs Quality Records Completion criteria

5. Activities Business Case Project Charter Identify Stake holders Consider the example of an automobile manufacturer assigned to develop an electric vehicle. The selection of the design, capacity, and battery power of the vehicle will not be a part of the initiation phase. The only certainty would be that an electric vehicle will be developed within the given timeframe and budget.

6. Stakeholder maps In the sci-fi movie “ Independence Day ,” planet Earth is attacked by extraterrestrials. As several people arrive in the Nevada desert to launch a counterattack, the US President can’t save the day alone; he needs the input of a wider group of stakeholders, including a US marine, a crop duster, a satellite engineer, and a communications expert to defeat the aliens. And it works ! What is a Stake holder map? Importance How to identify stakeholders Mapping Techniques

7. The power-interest grid , also known as the stakeholder matrix, compares stakeholders’ influence over your project to their level of interest. Using a 2×2 grid with “power” on the Y axis and “interest” on the X axis, the more the arrow moves toward the upper left quadrant, the more influential and engaged the stakeholder is. Here’s how to communicate and engage with stakeholders in each quadrant: High power/high interest : These stakeholders are key players. Schedule regular meetings to keep them informed about project updates and progress reports. Low power/low interest : Keep these stakeholders informed with only the most critical updates. High power/low interest:  These stakeholders can significantly impact your project but have other priorities to focus on. Keep them satisfied by providing reports and updates when necessary. Low power/high interest : Keep these stakeholders engaged by involving them in discussions or inviting feedback on specific aspects of the project.

8. Network diagram A network diagram is useful for smaller projects with a few key stakeholders. The graphic displays the relationships among stakeholders and how they interact with one another. It also reveals any dependencies between stakeholders, such as a vendor and an internal project team, which can be helpful when prioritizing their needs and managing potential conflicts.

9. Force field analysis Force field analysis is a concept developed by Kurt Lewin that’s great for understanding stakeholder buy-in and behavior. This map type shows how stakeholders could help or hinder your project based on whether they support or oppose a particular decision. For example, you could position key stakeholders on either side of a tug-of-war diagram to highlight their positions on a contentious issue. Understanding each stakeholder’s views allows you to create strategies to get everyone on the same page and nudge the project closer to completion.

10. Sociogram A sociogram displays the social relationships between individuals or groups of stakeholders to demonstrate their roles and influence in your project. Use different shapes and colors to represent various stakeholder types, such as squares for internal employees, circles for external partners, and triangles for customers or clients. From here, you’ll connect them with lines or arrows to illustrate their relationships and flow of information from one stakeholder to another.

11. 2. Project Planning & Tracking

12. Steps of a Project Plan Components of a Project Plan Tasks Milestones People Documentation Time Goals and Success Metrics

13. Metrics for Project Progress Tracking Milestones Percent Complete EV SV CV Schedule Performance Index Cost Performance Index

14. EV - If your budget is $10,000 and your percent complete is 40%, the earned value is $4,000. EV = % complete x total budget EV = 40% x $10,000 EV = $ 4,000 SV - To get SV, calculate the difference between earned value and planned value (PV), which is the budgeted amount for the work scheduled for completion. SV = EV – PV If the planned value to date is $5,000 — meaning 50% of the project should have already been completed — SV will be computed as follows: SV = $4,000 – $5,000 SV = –$1,000 SV is negative, so the project is behind schedule.

15. Cost variance (CV) To calculate cost variance, subtract the actual cost (AC) from EV. Let’s say your AC is $4,500. CV = EV – AC CV = $4,000 – $4,500 CV = –$500 CV is negative, so the project is over budget.

16. Schedule performance index (SPI) SPI = EV/PV SPI = $4,000/$5,000 SPI = 0.8 The project is 20% behind schedule. Cost performance index (CPI) Much like CV, CPI indicates project cost efficiency and also provides an estimate of the variance. CPI = EV/AC CPI = $4,000/$4,500 CPI = 0.89 The project is 11% over budget.

17. 3.Project Closure Effective closure Process Issues

18. Metrics for Project Closure

19. Scheduling Activity Predecessor Successor Concurrent Dummy Event Merge Burst Merge & Burst

20. Common errors Dangling Looping Redundancy

21. Basic Scheduling Computations

22. Example 1

23. Stakeholder Mapping: Techniques and Steps (monday.com ) 5 Phases of Project Management Process - A Complete Breakdown (kissflow.com ) ProjectLibre Tutorial Part 1: Creating Your First Project What Is Project Planning? How Write a Project Plan [2024] • Asana Project planning: What it is and 5 steps to create a plan | Definition from TechTarget What Is Project Planning? Benefits, Tools, and More | Coursera 7. Project Initiation – Project Management – 2nd Edition

24. Project Tracking Software | Project Tracker System — Zoho Projects Top Project Metrics You Need to Track – ProjectManager Project Management Tracking - Project Central track projects visually Top Methods and Metrics for Tracking Project Progress | Slack

25. 7 Steps to Nail the Project Management Closure Process | Lucidchart Blog 7 Steps to Project Closure (Checklist Included ) Project Closing Phase - UMass Boston