SOLAR TECH th of the day hai NOLOGY.pptx

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1. Basics of Solar Energy Technology Supervisor Dr. Saurabh Mishra Assistant Professor Energy Science & Technology Programme Centre for Advanced Studies. Presented by: Saneha B Sharma. M.Tech (First Year) Energy Science & Technology). An ISR Presentation on

2. Content Introduction Comprehensive Study on: Solar energy Type of solar technology Active solar technology Photovoltaic cell Working of solar cell Conclusion References

3. Introduction Solar Energy Basics : Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun. It’s harnessed using various technologies. There are two main types:  active solar   (using systems like photovoltaic panels) and  passive solar  (designing buildings to naturally capture sunlight). Solar power can be used for  electricity generation  and  water heating . How It Works : The Sun emits about 174 peta -watts (PW) of solar radiation toward Earth. Roughly 30% is reflected back to space, while the rest is absorbed by land, oceans, and the atmosphere. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity through the  photovoltaic effect .

4. Type of solar technology Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Technology: PV panels directly convert sunlight into electricity using cells. These panels capture the sun’s energy and generate electrical power that can be used in homes or stored in batteries1.
Solar Thermal Technology: This technology captures the sun’s heat. The collected heat can be used directly or converted into electricity, a process known as concentrated solar1.

5. Photovoltaic cell Photovoltaic (PV) cell, commonly known as a solar cell, is an electronic device that directly converts sunlight into electricity using the photovoltaic effect

Working Principle:
PV cells absorb sunlight, generating excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) or unbound electron-hole pairs.
Charge carriers of opposite types (electrons and holes) separate within the cell.
These separated carriers are then extracted to an external circuit, producing electrical current.

6. Active solar energy refers to the use of mechanical or electrical systems to actively capture, convert, and distribute solar energy. Unlike passive solar energy, which relies on architectural design to maximize natural light and heat gain, active solar systems incorporate specific technologies. Here are some key points about active solar energy: Active solar technology

7. Flat plate solar collectors—devices that harness solar energy and convert it into thermal energy. Here’s how they work:
Working Principle:
A flat plate collector (FPC) captures solar radiation and transforms it into low-grade thermal energy.
It consists of a flat, rectangular box with a dark-colored absorber plate inside.
When sunlight hits the absorber plate, it converts part of the energy into Flat plate collector

8. SOLAR PANEL Solar panels are usually made from silicon or another semiconductor material installed in a metal panel frame with a glass casing .when this material is exposed to photons of sunlight (very small packets of energy )it releases electrons and produces an electric charge

9. Conclusion From my previous slides, here’s a concise point-wise conclusion based on the topics I have covered: Solar Energy: Solar energy harnesses sunlight to generate electricity or heat. Photovoltaic (PV) cells convert sunlight directly into electricity. Solar power is abundant, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Solar Technology: Solar panels (PV modules) consist of interconnected solar cells. Concentrated solar power (CSP) systems use mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight. Thin-film solar cells offer flexibility and versatility. Construction of Solar PV Cells: Silicon-based PV cells dominate the market. Layers of n-type and p-type silicon create an electric field. Sunlight excites electrons, generating an electric current. Working of Solar PV Cells: Photons from sunlight strike the PV cell. Electrons get excited and flow through the circuit. Inverter converts DC to AC for household use. In summary, solar energy holds immense promise for a sustainable future, and understanding its technology and applications is essential for global energy transition. ☀️🌎🔆

10. Reference Khan, J., & Arsalan , M. H. (2016). Solar power technologies for sustainable electricity generation - A review. In Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (Vol. 55, pp. 414–425). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.135 Maka , A. O. M., & Alabid , J. M. (2022). Solar energy technology and its roles in sustainable development. Clean Energy , 6 (3), 476–483. https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkac023 Tsoutsos , T., Frantzeskaki , N., & Gekas, V. (2005). Environmental impacts from the solar energy technologies. Energy Policy , 33 (3), 289–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00241-6