Solar Tracking System Using Arduino final done 02[1].pptx

Solar system

1. Dual axis Solar Tracking System Guided by— Asst. Prof. Neha Kaushik GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE ARWAL Submitted by— Md Sabik Raza Sadhana Kumari Shrikant Arya Ayan Akhtar

2. Introduction — Rising energy demand and decreasing fossil fuels are pushing us to use clean energy like solar power. Solar energy is an unlimited source of energy and if used effectively, it can replace the traditional energy sources we have relied on for a long time. This project has been designed keeping this in view to make the harnessing of solar energy more efficient.

3. Block Diagram— Driving Unit Driving Unit Solar Panel Sensing Unit Control Unit Power source

4. Methodology— For this system to operate there must be emission of light through the sun. The LDRs serve as the sensors to detect the intensity of light entering the solar panels. The LDR then sends information to the Arduino microcontroller. The servo motor circuit is then constructed. The servo has 3 pins of which the positive side is connected to the +5v of the arduino microcontroller. The negative of the servo is connected to the ground. The data point on the servo is connected to the analog point on the microcontroller and it is connected so as to regulate the speed of the servo motor. The flow chart diagrams of the tracking system are shown in figure.

5. Hardware Required— 1. Solar panel— Function: Converts sunlight into electrical energy. Working Principle: Uses photovoltaic cells to generate electricity when exposed to sunlight. Type: Monocrystalline Rating: 6V Dimension: 70 × 70×03 mm 3. LDR Sensors (Light Dependent Resistors)— Function: Detects sunlight intensity and direction. Working Principle: Resistance decreases with increasing light intensity, providing data to Arduino for sun position. Type: GM9516 Quantity: 4 4. Resistors (10k)—

6. Software & Hardware Required— Hardware— 4. Servo Motors— Function: Rotates the solar panel along horizontal and vertical axis. Working Principle: Converts electrical signals from Arduino into precise mechanical motion for alignment. Type: 9GR SERVO Rating: 5V;0.6A Quantity: 2 5. Arduino Uno— Function: Acts as the brain of the system, controlling panel movements. Working Principle: Processes input data from sensors and sends commands to servo motors for alignment. 6. Battery(9V)—

7. 8 . Mounting Frame— Function: Holds the solar panel securely and allows movement. Working Principle: Provides mechanical support and freedom for dual-axis rotation. 6. Battery(9V)— Type: Lithium ion Hardware Required—

8. Hardware Implementation—

9. Result of the Project— Graphical comparison of experimental data

10. Experimentations outcomes were performed by placing the proposed system in the rooftop. These annotations were performed for three cases as we shown in graph. The output power data is collected during 8:00 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. Output power for dual axis solar tracking system. As we know that single axis solar tracker system is not capable to cover all intensity of the sun light. As a result single axis solar tracker system is better than a fixed module. In single axis solar tracker unable to collect the expected solar energy from sun light as we expected. single axis solar tracker system only track the single axis of the path of sun not the dual axis. That’s why we proposed to set up dual axis solar tracking system in the rooftop of every building.

11. Generated power for three cases:- Time Fixed Array (watt) Single Axis (watt) Dual Axis (watt) 08:00 0.15 0.0045 0.92 09:00 0.87 0.5481 19.19 10:00 16.89 20.24 30.89 11:00 20.18 22.25 32.51 12:00 19.24 19.61 33.76 13:00 20.25 26.77 36.94 14:00 14.71 17.76 29.58 15:00 16.36 18.25 27.57 16:00 8.44 18.89 26.40 17:00 1.09 8.76 24.67 18:00 0.70 1.026 7.46

12. References— 1. Solar Energy Principles of Thermal Collection and Storage by P. Sukhatme . 2. Arduino made simple book by Ashwin Pajankar . 3. Non-Conventional Energy Sources by G.D. Rai.

13. Thank You