special child journal presentations.pptx

this is a journal club presentation on special child

1. DEPARTMENT OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY ORAL HEALTH STATUS AND BARRIERS AMONG CHIDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY IN MAINTAINING ORAL HYGIENE: AN INTERVENTIONAL STUDY

2. ARTICLE CITATION Kumar VH, Mahajan A, Upadhyay M, Rajguru JP, Gupta S, Dixit A, Kumar S. Oral Health Status and Barriers among Children with Cerebral Palsy in Maintaining Oral Hygiene: An Interventional Study. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences. 2024 Sep 1;21(3):251-5. The present study aimed to analyze the oral health status and barriers to maintaining oral hygiene among children with cerebral palsy using intervention (brushing technique). AIM

3. INTRODUCTION Cerebral palsy is a neuro‑muscular disorder that can be defined as “ a collection of disorders related to developments of bodily movement, a posture which causes limitation in activities due to associated conditions like- hypoxia, related trauma, infections, and hyper-bilirubinemia. Cerebral palsy has also been shown to have underlying biochemical alterations as well as underlying genetic reasons”.

4. CLINICAL FEATURES

5. TYPES

6. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study design and setting A total of 100 children suffering from cerebral palsy within the age of 18 years who attended school designated for children with special health needs were selected after scrutinizing medical health records. Categorization of children was done according to age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Age groups range were: a) Group A: In this group, children were aged between 6 and 10 years b) Group B: In this group, studied children were aged between 11 and 15 years, and c) Group C: In this group, children were within 16 to 18 years of age

7. The subjects were also categorized according to socioeconomic status into poor socioeconomic status (income < 10,000 INR/month), middle (income between 11,000 and 50,000 INR/month), and upper socioeconomic status (income > 50,000 INR/month). Parental education level status was classified as a) Upper class (Code 1): Parents who received a college education b) Middle class (Code 2): Parents who received education up to secondary school level, c) Lower class (Code 3): Parents who received education till primary school level or received no education.

8. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inclusion criteria: a) Children diagnosed with cerebral palsy b) All study participants were from the same institution c) Parents and caregivers who consented to be part of the study. Exclusion criteria: a) Children belonging to different institutions b) children diagnosed with other medical conditions apart from cerebral palsy c) parents who did not provide consent for the study.

9. MATERIALS AND METHODS All studied children were clinically examined using a mouth mirror, explorer, and torch light illumination for DMFT index for permanent dentition, DMFT index for primary dentition, and OHI‑S (Green and Vermillion’s) for gingival and periodontal health. An Intervention technique for tooth brushing (Fone’s technique) was demonstrated to the children’s caregivers and/or parents. Oral examination was performed at the initial examination and after three months of intervention by study investigators.

10. PROCEDURE All studied children were clinically examined using a mouth mirror, explorer, and torch light illumination for DMFT index for permanent dentition, DMFT index for primary dentition, and OHI‑S (Green and Vermillion’s) for gingival and periodontal health. An Intervention technique for tooth brushing (Fone’s technique) was demonstrated to the children’s caregivers and/or parents. Oral examination was performed at the initial examination and after three months of intervention by study investigators.

11. RESULTS

12. CRITICAL APPRAISAL The study was conducted among 100 cerebral palsy patients. However, sub‑classifying them into different categories has funneled the sample to a small size. Hence, a large sample size is desirable for justifying the study results.

13. CONCLUSION Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that affects physical ability due to a lack of motor coordination, inability to follow commands, and lack of manual dexterity. In such patients, an increased prevalence of dental caries and periodontal health has been observed due to the patient’s inability to maintain good oral hygiene status. Hence, providing training to their caregivers and parents can help in obtaining good oral health status.

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