Sports Injuries and Prevention of Sports Injuries

SPORTS INJURY
Refers to the kinds of injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise but they are not limited to athletes.
Sports injury may possibly occur in moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA).
MODERATE ACTIVITIES
Walking, Cycling, Jogging
VIGOROUS PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES
Aerobic dance, Cycling  uphill
CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES
Improper or poor training practices
Wearing improper sporting gear
Being in poor health condition
No proper warm-up and stretching practices before a sporting event or exercise
MOST COMMON SPORTS INJURIES
Sprain
Strain
Contusion or bruise
Concussion
Dislocation
Fracture
SPRAIN Is a tear of ligament fibers, muscles or tendons supporting a joint. This can occur when a joint is extending beyond its normal range of movements.
STRAIN
Injury that involves the stretching, partial tearing or complete tearing of a tendon. Categorized as first, second, third degree. Chronic strains are injuries that gradually build up from overuse or repetitive stress.
CONTUSION OR BRUISE
It is bleeding into the soft tissue which is caused by a direct blow from another person or an object. A bruise can occur to any soft tissue of the body.
CONCUSSION
Is caused by a direct blow to the head. Depending the severity of the concussion, injury can cause varying levels of impairment of brain function
DISLOCATION
This occurs when a joint ball is forced off its socket. It must be reset by proper medical professionals.
FRACTURE
Is a break, crack, or shattering of a bone. In CLOSED FRACTURE, the broken bone does not pierce the skin, while in OPEN FRACTURE, breaks the skin’s surface.
TYPES OF INJURY
Acute injury – which happen suddenly. For example : Sprained ankles, Strained backs, Fractured hands
Chronic injury – which are usually related to overuse and develop gradually over time. For example : Back Pain, Knee pain, tennis elbow, Glofer elbow
SIGNS OF ACUTE INJURY
Sudden severe pain
Swelling
Not being able to place weight on a leg, knee, ankle, or foot
An arm, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger that is very tender
Not being able to move a joint as normal
Extreme leg or arm weakness
A bone or joint that is visibly out of place
SIGNS OF CHRONIC INJURY
Pain when you play
Pain when you exercise
A dull ache when you rest
BASIC STEPS TO PREVENT SPORTS INJURY
Develop a fitness plan that includes cardiovascular exercise, strength training, and flexibility.
Alternate exercising different muscle groups and exercise every other day.
Cool down properly after exercise or sports. It should take two times as long as you warm-up.
Stay hydrated.
Stretching exercises can improve the ability of muscles to contract and perform, reducing the risk of injury. ( 20 seconds each stretch)
Use the right equipment or gear and wear shoes that provide support and that may correct certain foot problems that can lead to injury.
Learn the right techniques to play your sport.
Rest when tired.
HOME REMEDIES
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

1. SPORTS Injuries Sarika Kourav Ph.D Scholar LNIPE

2. SPORTS INJURY Refers to the kinds of injuries that most commonly occur during sports or exercise but they are not limited to athletes. Sports injury may possibly occur in moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA). MODERATE ACTIVITIES Walking, Cycling, Jogging VIGOROUS PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES Aerobic dance, Cycling  uphill

3. CAUSES OF SPORTS INJURIES Improper or   poor training practices Wearing improper sporting gear Being in poor health condition No proper warm-up and stretching practices before a sporting event or exercise

4. MOST COMMON SPORTS INJURIES Sprain Strain Contusion or bruise Concussion Dislocation Fracture

5. SPRAIN Is a tear of ligament fibers , muscles or tendons supporting a joint. This can occur when a joint is extending beyond its normal range of movements.

6. STRAIN Injury that involves the stretching, partial tearing or complete tearing of a tendon. Categorized as first, second, third degree. Chronic strains are   injuries that gradually build up from overuse or repetitive stress.

7. CONTUSION OR BRUISE It   is bleeding into the soft tissue which is caused by a direct blow from another person or an object. A bruise can occur to any soft tissue of the body.

8. CONCUSSION Is caused by   a direct blow to the head. Depending the severity of the concussion, injury can cause varying levels of impairment of brain function.

9. DISLOCATION This occurs when a joint ball is forced off its socket. It must be reset by proper medical professionals.

10. FRACTURE Is a break, crack, or shattering of a bone. In CLOSED FRACTURE, the broken bone does not pierce the skin, while in OPEN FRACTURE, breaks the skin’s surface.

11. TYPES OF INJURY Acute   injury – which happen suddenly. For example : Sprained ankles, Strained   backs, Fractured hands Chronic injury – which are usually related to overuse and develop gradually over time. For example : Back Pain, Knee pain, tennis elbow, Glofer elbow

12. SIGNS OF ACUTE INJURY Sudden severe pain Swelling Not being able to place weight on a leg, knee, ankle, or foot An arm, elbow, wrist, hand, or finger that is very tender Not being able to move a joint as normal Extreme leg or arm weakness A bone or joint that is visibly out of place

13. SIGNS OF CHRONIC INJURY Pain when you play Pain when you exercise A dull ache when you rest

14. BASIC STEPS TO PREVENT SPORTS INJURY Develop a fitness plan that includes cardiovascular exercise, strength training, and flexibility. Alternate exercising different muscle groups and exercise every other day. Cool down properly after exercise or sports. It should take two times as long as you warm-up. Stay hydrated.

15. Continue…. Stretching exercises can improve the ability of muscles to contract and perform, reducing the risk of injury. ( 20 seconds each stretch) Use the right equipment or gear and wear shoes that provide support and that may correct certain foot problems that can lead to injury. Learn the right techniques to play your sport. Rest when tired.

16. HOME REMEDIES Rest Ice Compression Elevation

17. Continue…. REST - Immobilization prevents further injury and gives the body time to recover. ICE - Cold reduces pain by numbing the affected area. COMPRESSION – Pressure keeps swelling under control. ELEVATION - Keeping the injured body part above the heart reduces swelling and the associated pain and discomfort.