Spring_1_-_Hitler's_Rise_to_Power.ppt are

This will help to learn

1. Treaty of Versailles 1 Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles was signed after World War One had ended in 1918. The Treaty set out what punishment Germany should receive for their involvement in the war. The treaty was signed at the vast Versailles Palace near Paris - hence its title - between Germany and the Allies. 2 Reparations The money Germany had to pay to other countries as a result of WWI. 3 Military restrictions Restrictions placed on the size of army and navy Germany was allowed to have. 4 Occupation of the Rhineland French, Belgian, British and American armies occupied (controlled) the German area of the Rhineland. An area of Germany that bordered France, Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg. 5 November Criminals The name the German people gave to the ‘back-stabbing’ politicians who signed the Treaty of Versailles. 6 War Guilt Clause The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to take full responsibility for WWI. 7 Diktat Germany had to accept the Treaty of Versailles and could not negotiate the terms. Hitler’s Rise to Power Weimar Republic 8 The Weimar Republic The new Government set-up in Germany at the end of the first World War. It was weak for a variety of reasons. 9 Reichstag The Building in Germany where the Government is based. 10 Spartacist Uprising 1919 A workers strike and a n attempted communist take over of the new Weimar government. 11 Kapp Putsch 13 th March 1920 An attempt to take over the Weimar Government. The government fled Berlin for a few days but returned when the overthrow was unsuccessful. 12 Ruhr Crisis 1923 As Germany were late in their reparation repayments, troops from Belgium and France moved into the Ruhr, an industrial area in Germany to force them to pay. 13 Hyperinflation 1922-1923 The rapid decrease in the value of money and increase in the value of goods. This led to goods such as a loaf of bread increasing in price from 123 marks in 1922 to 200,000,000,000 marks in 1923. 14 Beer Hall Putsch 1923 An attempt by Hitler’s Nazi party to overthrow (take over) the Weimar Government. It failed and Hitler was sentenced to 5 years in prison, although he only served 9 months. 15 Dawes Plan 1924 An economic plan to help Germany with its reparations and solve hyperinflation. This ended the occupation of the Ruhr. 16 Locarno Treaty 1925 A n agreement which stated that Germany would never go to war with another country and made clear Germany's borders. It also ended the occupation of the Rhineland. 17 The Young Plan 1929-1930 A plan to further reduce the reparations Germany needed to pay for WWI. It was a plan based on loans from American Banks. 18 Wall Street Crash 1929 A collapse in the international financial system (system of money) that led to mass unemployment throughout Europe and affected the loans given to Germany to help make reparation repayments. Nazi Party 19 Adolf Hitler The leader of the Nazi Party. 20 Fascism Fascism is a form of government which is a type of one-party dictatorship. Fascists are against democracy. They work for a totalitarian one-party state. This aim is to prepare the nation for armed conflict, and to respond to economic difficulties. 21 Communism A political and economic system where the government owns everything and gives it out equally to the people. 22 Anti-Semitism The prejudice or hatred towards Jews. 23 Nazis Hitler’s political party. Also known as the NSDAP. A racist party that believed that Germans were a superior (better) race. 24 Aryan A race of people who Hitler and the Nazi party believed to be the superior race. 25 Race- Theory The Nazi party was a racist party that believed Germans were a superior race, specifically Aryan Germans. They therefore persecuted Jews, the disabled, black people and other races they viewed as inferior.

2. Hitler’s Rise to Power The Nazi Party 26 Fuhrer German word for leader, title used by Hitler. 27 SA Hitler’s private army who used violent tactics against opponents. Nicknamed the ‘ Brownshirts ’ . 28 SS Elite group of Aryan soldiers loyal to Hitler. Hitler’s personal bodyguards. Nicknamed the ‘ Blackshirts ’ . 29 Propaganda Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a political cause or point of view. Nazis were masters of propaganda and made use of posters, radio, newspapers, rallies and cinema to promote their ideas and the party. 30 Chancellor In the Weimar Republic the Chancellor was appointed by the President and was essentially chairman of the Reichstag. Rise to Power 31 Reichstag Fire 27 th February 1933 the Reichstag building was burnt down. A Dutch Communist Marinus Van der Lubbe was found at the scene and was arrested. The Communists were blamed for the fire. 32 Emergency Powers 1 st March 1933 These gave Hitler the power to suspend civil rights such as freedom of speech, shut down communist newspapers and arrest 4000 communists. 33 Enabling Act 1 st March 1933 Passed by the Reichstag this gave Hitler the power to pass any laws he wanted for four years. 34 Banning of Political Parties 30 th June 1934 All other political parties were banned and their leaders were arrested. Germany became a one party state. 35 Night of the Long Knives 30 th June 1934 To secure the Army’s loyalty and reassert his own authority Hitler organised the Night of the Long Knives. Hitler used the SS to arrest and remove disloyal SA members. Rohm was arrested and executed in the aftermath. 36 Death of Hindenburg Hindenburg dies of natural causes. Hitler combines the role of President and Chancellor together to become Fuhrer of Germany. 37 Dictator A ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force. 38 Elections The method of choosing which political party (group) is in control of a country. 39 Oath of Loyalty Hitler orders that the army swear an oath of loyalty and obedience to him. Key Individuals 40 Gustav Streseman Chancellor of the Weimar Republic in 1923 and Foreign Minister between 1923-1929 41 Franz von Papen Chancellor of Germany in 1932 and vice-Chancellor under Adolf Hitler between 1933-1934. 42 Paul von Hindenburg President of Germany from 1925-1934. 43 Joseph Goebbels Chief of Nazi Propaganda. Became party propaganda chief in 1928 and Reich Minister for Propaganda and Enlightenment in 1933. 44 Heinrich Himmler Head of the SS and the Gestapo (the Nazi police). Responsible for setting up extermination camps and implementing the Final Solution. 45 Ernst Rohm Leader of the SA who was arrested and executed during the Night of the Long Knives. The Treaty of Versailles The Weimar Republic The Nazi Party Rise to Power Key Individuals