SPRINKLER IRRIGATION

Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to rainfall.
Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping at pressure above 2 kg/cm2.
It is then sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface through spray heads so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground.
Pressurized irrigation through devices called sprinklers.

1. GOVERMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHARUCH SUB. – IRRIGATION ENGINEERING TOPIC – SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEM – 7 (CIVIL) Prepared By : SR. NO. NAME ENROLLMENT. NO. 1 KAPTAN SAGAR 130140106021 2 KASHYAP RUPESH 130140106022

2. WHAT IS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION ? Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water which is similar to rainfall. Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping at pressure above 2 kg/cm2. It is then sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface through spray heads so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground. Pressurized irrigation through devices called sprinklers.

3. INTRODUCTION Water is key factor in increasing agricultural production, in such case irrigation is most important factor. One such method of modern irrigation is sprinkler irrigation system which is becoming more and more popular among the farmers across the developed country.

4. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Spraying Water like a natural rainfall. Water pressure through nozzle. Pressure is provide by a pump. Selection of nozzle sizes, operating pressure and spacing.

5. COMPONENTS OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Water source – open well / tube well / bore well / canal etc. Pumping unit – centrifugal, submersible Sprinkler – main and lateral pipe lines, riser pipe, sprinklers (nozzles)

6. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION: SYSTEM LAYOUT

7. SPRINKLER IRRIGATION: SPRINKLER

8. other accessories used in sprinkler irrigation system : Reducers Elbows End plug Tees Regulators and Gauges Valves Filters

9. SOIL SUITABILITY Suitable for lands and on shallow soils. Best suited to coarse sandy terrain. Suitable in undulating terrain. Adopted in hilly regions. CROPS SUITABILITY All crops are suitable except like paddy, jute, etc. The dry crops, vegetables, flowering crops, orchards, plantation crops like tea, coffee are all suitable and can be irrigated through sprinklers.

10. SELECTING THE MOST APPROPRIATE SPRINKLER SYSTEM While selecting a sprinkler system, the most important physical parameters to be considered are :- The crop or crops to be cultivated. The shape and size (acres) of the field. The topography of the field. The amount of time and labour to operate the system.

11. TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEM There are many types of Sprinkler systems available in the market. On the basis of the arrangement for spraying irrigation water, sprinkler systems are classified as : Rotating head system Perforated pipe system

12. Rotating Head System

13. Perforated Pipe System

14. s prinkler irrigation: spray pattern

15. s prinkler irrigation : spray pattern

16. s pray pattern: variation in pressure

17. ADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Sprinkler irrigation does not require surface shaping of levelling. Can be applied to areas of variable topography. Flexibility is possible because sprinkler heads are available in a wide range of discharge capacities. Cost of labour is generally reduced. Erosion of soil can be eliminated.

18. ADVANTAGES OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM Chemical and fertilizer applications are easily used with sprinkler systems. Increase in yield and quality, early ripening, water conservation and alternative value of specific period saving of labour, machinery, fertilizer and pesticides. Soil moisture is maintained at optimum level by sprinkler irrigation .

19. LIMITATION IN THE APPLICATION OF SPRINKLER IRRIGATION Uneven water distribution due to high winds. Evaporation loss when opening under high temperatures. Highly impermeable soils are not suitable. Initial cost is high. Proper design. Lack of package of practices. Lack of awareness. Lack of social concern to save natural resources. High water pressure required in sprinkler (>2.5 kg/cm2). Difficulty in irrigation during wind in sprinkler.