SQL_Introduction_PresentatioFDFdfFfn.pptx

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Career
ata & Analytics
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ngineering
ntertainment & Humor
nvironment
ood
overnment & Nonprofit
ealth & Medicine
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1. Introduction to SQL Structured Query Language Overview By Pradyumn Vibhandik

2. What is SQL? SQL stands for Structured Query Language Used to store, retrieve, and manipulate data in relational databases Enables operations such as creating, updating, and querying databases

3. SQL Language Categories 1. DML – Data Manipulation Language 2. DDL – Data Definition Language 3. DCL – Data Control Language 4. TCL – Transaction Control Language

4. DML – Data Manipulation Language Used to manipulate records in a table Commands: - SELECT: Retrieve records - INSERT: Add new records - UPDATE: Modify records - DELETE: Remove records

5. DDL – Data Definition Language Used to define and modify database structure Commands: - CREATE: Create database or table - ALTER: Modify existing structure - DROP: Delete database or table

6. DCL – Data Control Language Manages permissions and access control Commands: - GRANT: Give user access - REVOKE: Remove access

7. TCL – Transaction Control Language Manages transactions and data integrity Commands: - BEGIN: Starts a transaction - COMMIT: Saves the transaction - ROLLBACK: Reverts the transaction

8. SQL Database Commands CREATE DATABASE database_name; DROP DATABASE database_name;

9. Creating a Table CREATE TABLE Students ( ID INT PRIMARY KEY, Name VARCHAR(100), Age INT, Grade VARCHAR(10) );

10. SQL Clauses & Keywords (1/2) SELECT: Retrieve data FROM: Specify the table WHERE: Filter records ORDER BY: Sort results

11. SQL Clauses & Keywords (2/2) GROUP BY: Group rows by value HAVING: Filter grouped records

12. UPDATE Example UPDATE Students SET Age = 20 WHERE ID = 1;

13. Window Functions Perform calculations across related rows Do not aggregate rows like GROUP BY Examples: - ROW_NUMBER(), RANK(), DENSE_RANK() - SUM(), AVG(), MAX() over a window

14. Ranking Example SELECT Name, Grade, RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY Grade ORDER BY Age DESC) AS RankByAge FROM Students;

15. Running Total Example SELECT Name, Grade, Marks, SUM(Marks) OVER (PARTITION BY Grade ORDER BY Name) AS RunningTotal FROM Students;

16. Average Example SELECT Name, Grade, Age, AVG(Age) OVER (PARTITION BY Grade) AS AvgAgePerGrade FROM Students;

17. Max Value Example SELECT Name, Grade, Marks, MAX(Marks) OVER (PARTITION BY Grade) AS MaxMarksInGrade FROM Students;

18. Thank You Questions? Contact: [email protected] LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/pradyumn-vibhandik