stateandnon-stateinstitution-231015084755-b5f57600(1).pptx

State and Non- State Institutuions

1. Understanding Culture Society and Politics 1st Semester, 2nd Quarter, Week 2 S.Y. 2022- 2023

2. MELCs *Explain the forms and functions of state and non- state institutions

3. Objectives: At the end of this lesson the learners should be able to: identify the different forms and functions of state and non- state institutions; describe each form of state and non- state institutions; and explain how state and non- state institution's function.

4. Quarter 2 – Module 1 State and Non- state Institutions

5. Name the logo: TESDA

6. Name the logo: DPWH

7. Name the logo: Metro Bank

8. Name the logo: DepEd

9. Name the logo: STARBUCKS

10. Name the logo: OWWA

11. Name the logo: SHELL

12. Name the logo: State Institution Non- State Institution

13. Institution

14. Institution: Composed of a set of formal rules, informal norms, or agreed upon understanding that constraint and prescribe political actors' behavior and interaction with one another. (Encyclopedia Britannica)

15. Institution: Main function: is to keep society in order and implement specific tasks assigned to them.

16. State

17. It is a community of persons , more or less numerous, occupying a definite portion of earth’s surface, having its own government , through which the inhabitants render habitual obedience free from outside control.

18. ◎ Institutions 18 that have state functions and are established to govern the state including all other agencies, bureaus and offices. State Institutions

19. Political and Leadership Structures: According to Max Weber as cited by Santarita & Madrid, 2016, Political structure or institution is defined as the organized way in which power is allocated and decisions are made within society. State Institution:

20. Political and Leadership Structures:

21. Executive branch: is comprised of the President and the Vice President who are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six years. The Constitution grants the President authority to appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large portion of the country’s bureaucracy.

22. Political and Leadership Structures: can make laws, alter, and reverse them through the power bestowed in the Philippine Congress. This institution is divided into the Senate and the House of Representatives

23. Political and Leadership Structures: maintains the power to resolve disputes concerning rights that are legally demandable and enforceable. This branch decides whether there has been a serious abuse of judgment amounting to lack or excess of authority on the part and instrumentality of the government. It is made up of a Supreme Court and lower courts.

24. State Institutions 24 Also under the Office of the President: ◎ Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) ◎ National Statistics Office (NSO) / Philippine Statistics Office (PSA) ◎ Tariff Commission ◎ National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (NICA) ◎ National Security Council (NSC) ◎ Office of the Press Secretary ◎ (OPS) ◎ Philippine News Agency (PNA) ◎ Philippine Anti- Graft Commision

25. State Institutions 12 ◎ Constitutional Commissions CHR, COA, COMELEC, CSC ◎ Local Government Units ◎ National Government Agencies (i.e. DILG, DND, DAR,, DA, DOH, Deped, etc.)

26. State Institutions 12 ◎ Government owned or corporations (i.e. GSIS, PAG- IBIG NFA, PHIC, SSS etc.)

27. State Four Elements of the State so ve r eig Nty P e oP le t e rr i tory g o ve rN me Nt

28. People or Population 01

29. 1. People or Population It is the people who make the state. Population is essential for the state. Without a population there can be no State.

30. Territory 02

31. 2. Territory The territory should be a fixed and bounded portion of the earth’s surface . Within it, are natural resources that are vital for people to live. The inhabitants have the responsibility to conserve and protect these resources . Furthermore, the people must be able to defend their state from invaders and doing so, the use of force may be justified

32. 03 Government

33. 3. Government This is where that laws to be implemented in The people should follow the laws and respect authority. A state cannot exist without a government. Sovereignty belongs to the State; the government only uses it on behalf of the State

34. performs the law- application functions Executive performs law- making functions Legislative There are three branches of Government: Judiciary performs adjudication functions.

35. 04 Sovereignty

36. 4. Sovereignty It refers to the supreme power of the state to rule itself without interference from other state . This means that the state is an independent entity where people enjoy freedom . A territory is not a state if it is not independent.

37. 1. Internal Sovereignty Sovereignty has two dimensions It means the power of the State to order and regulate the activities of all the people, groups and institutions which are at work within its territory. All these institutions always act in accordance with the laws of the State. The State can punish them for every violation of any of its laws.

38. 2. External Sovereignty Sovereignty has two dimensions It means complete independence of the State from external control . It also means the full freedom of the State to participate in the activities of the community of nations. Each state has the sovereign power to formulate and act on the basis of its independent foreign policy

39. Sovereignty has two dimensions

40. Functions of State 1. maintains control over violence in its domain 2. allocates resources and rewards at its discretion, and 3. stands as the major focus of identity for the large majority of the people under its authority.

41. Forms of States States come in a variety of forms that vary on who holds power, how positions of leadership are obtained, and how authority is maintained. These are:

42. Forms of States a. Authoritarian Government Authoritarian governments differ in who holds power and in how control they assume over those who govern.

43. Forms of States Monarchy is a form of government in which supreme power is absolutely lodged with an individual, who is the head of the state , often for life or until abdication. The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch . Some monarchs hold unlimited political powers while many constitutional monarchies, such as the United Kingdom and Thailand.

44. Forms of States Totalitarianism is a political system that strives to regulate nearly every aspect of public and private life. It theoretically permits no individual freedom and that seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the authority of the state. Modern examples of totalitarian states include the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler, the People’s Republic of China under Mao Zedong, and North Korea under the Kim Dynasty.

45. Forms of States b. Oligarchic Government is a form of government in which power effectively rests with a small-elite segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military, or religious hegemony.

46. Forms of States b. Oligarchic Government An oligarchy does not have one clear ruler, but several powerful people who rule. One common example is theocracy.

47. Forms of States Theocracy is a government by divine guidance or by official who are regarded as divinely guided. Leaders are members of the clergy, and the state’s legal system is based on religious law . Contemporary examples of theocracies include Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the Vatican.

48. Forms of States C. Democratic Government is a form of government in which the right to governs is held by the majority of citizens within a country or a state. The two principles of democracy are that all citizens have equal access to power and that all citizens enjoy universally recognized freedoms and liberties.

49. Forms of States C. Democratic Government People can either become country leaders through electoral process or elect leaders who represent the core values and beliefs. There are 99 democratic nations globally. Examples of democratic nations are:

50. Forms of States C. Democratic Government Philippines, Norway, New Zealand, United States of America, Canada, Columbia, Italy, and South Africa.

51. Roles Of The State

52. State provides security against external aggressions and war. For this purpose, the state maintains an army. 2. State ensures security against internal disturbances disorders and crimes. For this purpose, the state maintains police.

53. 3. State legally grants and guarantees the rights of the people. 4. The state issues and regulates currency and coinage. 5. State undertakes steps for the creation of necessary conditions for the socio-economic-politico-cultural development of the people. 6. State grants citizenship and protects their interests and rights.

54. 7. State conducts foreign relations, foreign trade and economic relations. 8. State secures the goals of national interest in international relations

55. Economic Institutions: Gilliard et al., (2000) argued that an economic institution is being defined as an enduring organization, practice, or relationship created by individuals to handle and cope with basic economic dilemmas.

56. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

57. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

58. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

59. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

60. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

61. Forms of Redistribution and Exchange of Products

62. ◎ “ Non- State actors ” ◎ A group of people or organization that 63 participates in international affairs and relations but is not affiliated with any state or nation. Non- State Institutions

63. Non- State Institutions 64 ◎ Banks ◎ Corporations ◎ Trade Unions ◎ Cooperatives ◎ Development Agencies ◎ Civil Organizations ◎ Transnational Advocacy Groups

64. It is a financial institution licensed to provide several 65 services types to of financial different costumers. Bank

65. 66

66. 67 Bank Banks may be categorized into major forms such as commercial banks and investment banks.

67. 68 Forms of Bank D escription Commercial Banks  Financial deposit with security and convenience which could be in the form of credit cards, debit cards, and check  Provide business, individual, and personal loans, enabling commercial banks to earn intere st  Serve as payment agents within and outside the country through wire transfer  Subjected to more regulations

68. 69 Investment Banks  Financial intermediaries that performs a variety of services for businesses and some government  Issues securities to the investing public  Make markets, facilities, mergers, and other corporate reorganizations  Acts as brokers for institutional clients  Un der the supervision of regulatory bodies suchas the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), FINRA, and the US Treasury  Subjected to fewer regulations

69. 70 The two most well-known financial institutions World Bank Asian Development Bank

70. It is owned by a group of people but has a separate legal identity (the owners of a corporation are not responsible for its own debts). Corporations offer stocks (determines level of ownership), as well as bonds 71 (allows one to earn interest). These generate large amounts of capital, which is needed for growth (Contreras et al. 2016). Corporation

71. 72 It is a form of business operation that declares the business as a separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors. They were created by individuals, stockholders or shareholders, with the purpose of operating for profit. They have all legal rights of an individual, except for the right to vote and certain limitations.

72. 73 They are given the right to exist by the state that issues their charter. Corporation example includes: General Motors Corporation an icon of American craftsmanship, Apple Corporation as one of the famous tech companies, Amazon Corporation founded by Jeff Bezos is the world’s leading ecommerce and innovation company, Domino’s Pizza is a global food chain company delivering quality food worldwide.

73. 74 Common Types of Corporations  For-profit entities form most corporations, and they are formed to generate revenues and provide a return to their shareholders, according to their percentage of ownership in the corporation. Examples: HBO in partnership with International Rescue Committee, Ford Motors and Lynda.com.

74. 75 Common Types of Corporations  Not-for-profit entities operate under the category of charitable organizations, which are dedicated to a particular social cause such as educational, religious, scientific, or research purposes. Rather than distribute revenues to shareholders, not-for-profit organizations use their revenues to further their objectives. Human Rights Campaign is a very impressive example of using Facebook profile photos to spread the word far and wide about campaign.

75. 76 Common Types of Corporations Greenpeace the environmental non-profit that used GPS technology to inform the public about their cause.

76. 77 Multinational Corporations Multinational Corporations (MNCs) are business organization that extends ownership, management, production, and sales activities into several or more countries. MNCs are boon to the economic growth and development of the states

77. 78 Good Effects Bad Effects Introduce technology Offer ill - suited technology Encourage economic growth Retard economic growth Encourage interdependently Cause dependency Elites learn to regulate Elites become compradors Promotes human rights Harms human rights Protect the environment Hurt the environment Economic actors Political actor s Promote a cosmopolitan world Damage national Culture

78. 79

79. 80

80. 81

81. These are made up of people with common interest who agreed to work together for easy, safe, and affordable access to commodities, loans, and other services. They are created to help and empower one another with a minimum help from the government 82 Cooperatives

82. Cooperatives are people-centers enterprises owned, controlled and run by and for their members to realize their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations. Cooperatives are businesses governed on the principle of one member, one vote. There are several common types of co-ops, including cooperatives owned and operated by: a. The people working there (worker cooperatives); b. The people buying the co-op’s goods or services (consumer cooperatives) c. The people collaborating to process and market their products(producer cooperatives); and d. Groups uniting to enhance their purchasing power (purchasing cooperatives) 83 Cooperatives

83. 84

84. 85 Trade Unions / Labor Unions Trade Unions are organizations formed by workers from related fields that work for common interest of its members. They help workers in issues like fairness of pay, good working environment, hours of work and benefits. They represent a cluster of workers and provide a link between the management and workers.

85. 86 Trade Unions / Labor Unions The purpose of these unions is to look into the grievances of wagers and present a collective voice in front of the management. It acts as the medium of communication between the workers and management. Among these trade unions that exist in the Philippines are the Federation of Free Workers (FFW), Kilusang Mayo Uno (KMU) and the Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP).

86. 87 Functions of Trade Unions 1. Advocating for fairness and equality for workers’ compensations 2. Securing better working conditions for workers 3. Trade Unions will organize strikes and demonstrations on behalf of worker demands 4. Fight for social welfare for workers 5. Promote and advocate for education and proper training for workers 6. Advocate and fight the government for legislative protections of the workers

87. 88 Functions of Trade Unions 7. Promote and advocate for organizational growth and stability 8. Trade Unions acts as representatives of workers in national and international forums 9. Involved in collective bargaining agreements and disputes with management to settle any conditions on employment 10.Advising management on correct personnel policies and procedures 11.Involved in collective and personal collective grievances between management and workers.

88. 89

89. 90

90. It influence the government to take action on matters commonly neglected. A group maybe a national 91 or an international that promotes and organization advocates progress and development related to particular issues of the society. Transnational Advocacy Group

91. 92 Transnational Advocacy Group Transnational Advocacy Groups (TAGs) play an increasingly important role in international and regional politics and have contributed to changing policies of multilateral organizations and states. They are particularly visible in contentious areas as human rights, environmental issues, international peace, and women’s rights. They have specific roles to partake that can be achieved through effective measures, case-specific methods, and activities.

92. 93 Transnational Advocacy Group TAGs serve as international catalysts for change, aiming to achieve international changes towards policies and practices. The very essence TAGS is the formation and development of their advocacies and campaigns that represent causes, ideas, values, and beliefs.

93. 94 Transnational Advocacy Group Human Rights Watch and Amnesty are active in the human rights field. Oxfam and Save children deal with humanitarian issues. Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth represent environmental concerns.

94. 95

95. These 96 progress by engaging are agencies that promote in projects, policymaking, and dialogue (Contreras et al. 2016). Some countries with active agencies in the Philippines are Japan (JICA), (USAID). Canada (CIDA), and U.S.A. Those providing assistance include the financial Asian Development Bank (ADB). Development al Agencies

96. 97 Developmental Agencies Development Agencies have been established to develop the cooperation between the public sector, private sector, and civil society. These are organizations with specific aims and goals. The common denominator among these organizations is the term development. These agencies concentrate on the growth, progression, and advancement of specific concerns , which can be infrastructure or social institutions.

97. Types of Development Agencies: International Organization is an institution with membership drawn from two or more countries. Its activities transcend national boundaries as it facilitates cooperation among its members in the performance of one or more tasks. The international organization can be public or private. A public organization is an international government organization (IGO) with states as its members. Prominent examples of IGOs are United Nations, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),

98. Types of Development Agencies: International Monetary Fund (IMF), European Union (EU), Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and World Health Organization (WHO). A private organization has a membership of individuals or groups and is an international nongovernment organization (INGO) that originate for reasons other than politics such as International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol). INGOs may lobby or work regularly with the government and IGOs.

99. Types of Development Agencies: Non-government Organization is a non-profit group that functions independently of any government. It serves the social or political goals such as humanitarian and environmental causes. Most NGOs aim to promote the practice of democracy among societies and social change through their initiatives and organizational methods. Many NGOs have targeted their efforts toward population groups that tend to be underserved by governmental programs, including women, the aged, physically and mentally disabled persons, the poor, and various social groups that have been marginalized by virtue of race, religion, ethnicity, caste, and social class.

100. Interrelationship of Government and Non-state Institutions Government rules society. This reflects how powerful government institution can be. If nonstate institutions interfere with the governing body, two possible things can happen: 1. Integration among these two institutions may take place to achieve precise solution towards development

101. Interrelationship of Government and Non-state Institutions 2. Conflict and tension may also arise because one could exceed the other in terms of societal control and influences ( Penninx , 2013)

102. 103

103. These organizations are created to expose the conditions of the marginalized sector of the society by using mass media as its platform as they raise critical issues to the government. They provide facts about the life’s various realities to influence policy- making. 104 Civil Organizations

104. 105

105. 106

106. Assessment Directions: I. Multiple Choice. Carefully read each item. Write the letter of the best answer. Use separate sheets for your answers.

107. Assessment 1. What is the primary form of economic subsistence of a state? Agriculture Banking Foraging D. Market Exchange

108. 2. What political term refers as a sovereign actor with a central government ruling over population and territory? A. Banks C. State B. Government D. Trade Unions

109. 3. What is the institution that membership is drawn from two or more countries? Cooperatives International Organization International Government Trade Unions

110. 4. Which of the following organizations is NOT an example of IGOs? International Monetary Fund B. INTERPOL C. North Atlantic Treaty Association D. World Health Organization

111. 5. What form of business operation declares the business as separate entity guided by a group of officers known as the Board of Directors? A. Cooperatives C. International Government B. Corporation D. Trade Unions

112. 6. What are the members of a public international organization? Board of Directors Private Business Owners Society States

113. 7. What happens if the nonstate institutions interfere with the government? A. Conflict and tensions may arise B. Equal context of political and economic development C. Equitable health and social development will be distributed D. Nonstate Organization provides support and assistance through organized frameworks

114. 8. What licensed institution provides several financial services to different type of customers to earn profits? A. Banks C. State B. Government D. Trade Unions

115. 9. Which of the following functions is NOT a function of Trade Unions? A. Fights for Social welfare for workers B. Advocation for fairness and equality for workers’ compensations C. Trade unions will organize strikes and demonstrations on behalf of worker demands D.Support local and international groups to localize the implementation of international policies

116. 10. Which of the following statements is NOT a good effect of MNCs in a state? A. Cause dependency B. Introduce technology C. Encourage interdependently D. Encourage economic growth

117. II. TRUE or FALSE. Write True if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.

118. 1. The state uses absolute power to attain societal goals and objectives. 2. Being a citizen of a state, everyone is entailing the enjoyment of certain privileges that are called rights. 3. Investment Banks issues securities to the investing public.

119. 4. Commercial Banks provide business and personal loans in orders to earn interest. 5. Transnational Advocacy Groups serve as international catalysts for change and development. 6. A cooperative has a primary role of promoting labor welfare. 7. Most trade unions aim to promote the practice of democracy among societies.

120. 8. The government plays a vital role in human society because it is expected that its efforts and initiatives must be aligned with individual welfare and service. 9. One of the most important roles of banks is to translate agreed-upon values into rights and obligation. 10. World Bank is an example of trade union.

121. Activity 3: Application What are the duties and responsibilities of the state to its people? . Because of non- state institutions, I am able to . Because of non- state institutions, my community is now . 122

122. Activity 4: Self- Reflect Based on the quotation, I learned that 123

123. EVALUATION 124 ACRONOMYM NFA – PETA – CHR – SENTRO – DILG – TUCP – BPI – JICA – SM – WWF –

124. ASSIGNMENT 125 In the flower chart, students will write their own ideas or concepts about education.

125. Thank you for listening! 126

126. Reference: Amores, M.V., First Edition, 2020, Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics – Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: State and Non- state Institutions, Department of Education – National Capital Region, Misamis St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City. Rodriguez, D.C., First Edition, 2020, Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Grade 12 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 7: State and Non- state Institutions, Department of Education – Region III, Matalino St. D. M. Government Center, Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P). Lazo, MP., H.,, First Edition, 2020, AIRs- LM in Understanding Culture, Society & Politics SHS- Module 7: Forms and Functions of State and Non- state Institution, La Union Schools Division Region I.

127. Do you have any questions? Thanks! CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo , including icon by Flaticon , and infographics & images from Freepik Please keep this slide for attribution

128. Understanding Culture Society and Politics 1st Semester, 2nd Quarter, Week 2 S.Y. 2022- 2023

129. MELCs *Explain the forms and functions of state and non- state institutions

130. Objectives: At the end of this lesson the learners should be able to: identify the different forms and functions of state and non- state institutions; describe each form of state and non- state institutions; and explain how state and non- state institution's function.

131. Quarter 2 – Module 1 State and Non- state Institutions

132. Review: Differentiate State from Non- State Institution. Give the four element of the state.

133. Picture Analysis: Analyze and describe the picture using three sentences only.

134. Non- State Institution

135. These are institutions which are not owned and controlled by the government.

136. Forms of Non- state Institutions

137. Forms of Non- state Institutions Banks and Corporations Cooperatives and Trade Unions Transnational Advocacy Groups Development Agencies 1 2 3 4 5 Non- governmental Organization (NGOS)

138. Forms of Non- state Institutions A. Banks and Corporations A bank is a financial institution which deals with deposits and advances and other related services. It receives money from those who want to save in the form of deposits and it lends money to those who need. According to Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas the top 3 banks in the Philippines as of December 31, 2019 are: BDO UNIBANK INC METROPOLITAN BANK & TCO LAND BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES

139. A. Banks and Corporations There are three main functions of banks: Banks are depository of savings. Banks are largely responsible for the payments system. Banks issue loans to both people and companies. Forms of Non- state Institutions

140. stock corporations where ownership is through own particular shares in the stockholders who company. A. Banks and Corporations Corporation is a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such in law. Usually, corporations operate as Forms of Non- state Institutions

141. autonomous association of persons It is an united voluntary to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly- owned and democratically- controlled enterprise. B. Cooperatives and Trade Unions Cooperative is firm owned, controlled, and operated by a group of users for their own benefits . Each member contributes equity capital, and shares in the control of the firm in the basis of one- member one- vote. Forms of Non- state Institutions

142. B. Cooperatives and Trade Unions A trade union is an organization made up of member (a member-based organization) and its membership must be made up mainly of workers. The main purpose is to protect and advance the interest of its members in the workplace . Forms of Non- state Institutions

143. C. Transnational Advocacy Groups N ational and International nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) Local social movements Foundations The media Religious organizations, trade unions and consumer organizations Intellectual and scholars Agencies within international and regional intergovernmental organizations Parts of executive or parliamentary branches of government Forms of Non- state Institutions

144. These are organizations which provide development assistance between national and international institutions. Usually, these are the links that bind different states D. Development Agencies The most influential groups of non- state institutions. Forms of Non- state Institutions together. The following are some of the development agencies under UN: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

145. funded by donations usually but some avoid formal funding altogether and run funded and are run primarily by volunteers. Examples of NGOs include those that support human rights, advocate for improved health or encourage political participation. E. Non- governmental Organization (NGOS) A non- governmental organization (NGO) is a not- for- profit organization that is independent from states and international governmental organizations . They are Forms of Non- state Institutions

146. E. Non- governmental Organization (NGOS) Roles of Non- Governmental Organization Development and Operation of Infrastructure Supporting Innovation, Demonstration and Pilots Projects Facilitating Communication Technical Assistance and Training Research Monitoring and Evaluation Advocacy for and with the Poor

147. Functions of Non- State provide a safe place to save excess cash, known as deposits; cooperatives and trade unions are non- state institutions play a major role in the economic development of the society; and legal entitles which are established under the state of law that are designed to generate a profit.

148. Non- state Institution Development Agencies Bank Sovereignty State

149. Reference: Amores, M.V., First Edition, 2020, Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics – Senior High School Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: State and Non- state Institutions, Department of Education – National Capital Region, Misamis St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City. Rodriguez, D.C., First Edition, 2020, Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Grade 12 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 7: State and Non- state Institutions, Department of Education – Region III, Matalino St. D. M. Government Center, Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P). Lazo, MP., H.,, First Edition, 2020, AIRs- LM in Understanding Culture, Society & Politics SHS- Module 7: Forms and Functions of State and Non- state Institution, La Union Schools Division Region I.

150. Do you have any questions? Thanks! CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo , including icon by Flaticon , and infographics & images from Freepik Please keep this slide for attribution