Sterilization technique and their types.

Sterilization is a techniques that is used in any culture lab, animal tissue culture,plant tissue culture,microbiology labs, laboratory, hospital,industry etc to sterilized the equipment, rooms, culture media etc or in easy words free from all the microbes. There are many different method that are used to sterilized . Mostly commonly wet heat method are used in culture lab to sterilized the media, equipment or distilled water for experimental purpose. And Gamma ray used in industry to sterilized the equipment before packaging . It's the most effective way of sterilization because it has maximum penetration power. And rest of the method discussed properly in pdf.

1. STERILIZATION
Types of STERILIZATION.
By- Shafaque Reyaz
Class:MSC.BIOTECHNOLOGY
Roll no. :4

3. STERILIZATION:
▪Any process that removes, kills or deactivate all
forms of life and other biological agents such as
prions present in or on a specific surface or other
m/o‘s that contaminate cell culture, cell growth,
reductions in yield, etc.

4. WET HEAT: AUTOCLAVE
▪Heat treatment under moist or wet
conditions is commonly used in
sterilization.
▪It‘ll help to kill most of the bacteria and
virus even endospores too.
▪It is the most effective method of
sterilization.
▪Stsam under pressure at 121°C for
15min in 1.0 bar pressure it will
decrease the endospores survival rate
by 1 in 10⁴*².

5. DRY HEAT:
▪Incineration:Sterilization of metal items, scissors and
other equipment at 350°C.
▪Hot air oven: Alternative of autoclave, those items which
can’t be sterilized by wet heat method then it can be
sterilized by this method (like powder, leaf, etc).

6. IRRADIATION:
▪Ultraviolet light:The penetration power of UV rays
are very low and limited. So it’s generally used for
sterilizing the cabinet, Laminar airflow but after
cleaning it properly.
▪Gamma rays: It has high penetration power all the
items which is packaged, sealed are sterilized by this
method.

7. CHEMICAL STERILIZATION:
▪Fumigation:Gases such as formaldehyde &
ethylene oxides are used in this. But ethylene oxides
are toxic for the cells if it remain residue. Most of the
hospital used this method for pre-sterilization.
▪Liquid disinfectant: Diluted disinfectant is used
for cleaning the floor, room, cabinet&rooms i.e., used
in cell culture. (Eg. Aldehyde, Hypochlorite, Alcohol).

8. FILTRATION:
▪Bacterial filter: This technique is generally
used when the culture or media can’t sterilized
through wet or dry method of sterilization. The
membranes have porosity of 0.2micrometer.
▪HEPA Filter: high efficiency particulate air
which is used to sterilized and clean the large
volume of air present inside the room or cabinet.
It can remove >99.97% of particles through
0.3micrometer pores.