Strip Planting - Climate Smart Agriculture

PPT on Strip Planting presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.

1. © PE BGs Be Sl

pS és
Strip Planting: A Climate-Smart Agriculture
Technology for Sustainable Farming

) Dr. Md. Samim Hossain Molla
Principal Scientific Officer

OFRD, BARI, Pabna
Cell: [phone]
E-mail: samimmolla

2. Presentation Outline

‘wi Climate change scenario

“ Global climate impact

= Climate change & Strip planting

= Advantages of Strip planting

@ Real-time data/example

@ Constraints

M Tools and knowledge required for training farmers,
extension agents, and other stakeholders,

= Women engagement

3. Global Climate System

4. Global Distribution of Vulnerability to Climate Change
(Combined National Indices of Exposure and Sensitivity)

Natanaı Boundary
‘national boindariesdolved
from countries for clarity of vision. Acinson Prgjocson
‘Scenario B2 in Year 2050 with Climate Sensitivity Equal to 5.5 Degrees C
Annual Mean Temperature with Extreme Events Calibration

tp /oesin columbia edudatalcmato’ 62008 Wesleyan Univorsty and Columbia University

Samim

5. Freshwater Withdrawals

Highest (761 km3/yr) in India
Source: http://world.bymap.org/FreshwaterWithdrawal.html
Accessed on 12 September 2015 samim

6. Climate Change and Agricultural Productivity Loss

ran EN 155 Agricultural Productivity Loss Overall Vulnerability:

Physical Impacts Adjusted For Coping Ability
Samim

7. Total crop yield variability explained due to climate
variability over the last three decades

Ray et al (2015), NATURE COMM

8. dl Annual increments (%) in production of Rice, wheat and maize
during 2 periods (1961-1990 and 1991-2013)

En 1961-1990
En 1991-2013

Annual production increases (%)
o
í

o

Rice Wheat Maize

Source; FAOSTAT (2014), Sapkota et al (2

9. Projected changes in crop yields, due to climate change

over the 21st century

E 100,
g Color Legend
Tg ange ol change
3 B50 10 100%
2 1050%
< increase | M 101025%
5 60 inyed
¿
B 40)

20)

2010-2029 2030-2049 2050-2069 2070-2089 2090-2109

Abraho and Savage, 2006; Alexandrov and Hoogenboom, 2000; Amdt et al, 2012; Berge al, 2013; Brassard and Singh, 2008;

2008; Calzada eta, 2009; Chhetri eta, 2010: Csca et al 2011; Deryng etal, 2011; Glannakopoulos et al, 2008; Hermans:

Izauralde eta, 2008; Km et al, 2010; Lal 2011; Let a, 2011; Lobel eta 2008; Moriondo et al, 2010; Müller tl, 201

2011; Plao et al, 2010; Ringler et al, 2010; Rowan) et a2

Tao & Zhang, 2010; Tao and Zhang, 201; Tao etal, 2003; Thomton eta, 2009; Thornton et al, 2010; Thornton et
2008; Walker and Schule, 2008; Wang tal, 2011; xlong etal, 2007 Kong e al, 2008.

Samim

10. Climate Change hot spot vis-a-vis Poverty
(Population below $ 2/day)

en

w
Green 1-10, Yellow 11-50, Red > 50

12. «TA can significantly change—
- Soil structure and
- Function of soil microbial community,

«Enhance the mineralization rate of— Maintain soil structure
- Carbon and

- Nitrogen «Strip is a reduced tillage practice that targets
«Lead to the loss of— soil disturbance to the crop planting zone.
- Soil nutrients and «lt combines the benefits of both
- Organic matter. conventional tillage and no-till farmi
methods. a

Samim

13. Climate-Smart Agriculture vs Strip Planting |

Pro ivity :
(Compared to traditional

agriculture)

Higher yield
Improve soil health
«Increase resource
use efficiency
«Increase profitability

Productivity:

Sustainabiy increasing food

security & supporting rural
Twelinood:

Principles of CSA

Adaptation:
Strengthen resilience d
agriculture & food
systems to climate
changes & variability

Reduce GHG emissions
from agricultural
activities & sequester
carbon on farmland,

7-10% (Molla et al., 2016 & 2017)
6-23% (Chaki et al., 2023; Islam et al., 2022)

0

6-23% — ¿e
Re E

Rice-Wheat system= 15%

Rice-Maize system= 16%
Rice-Lentil system= 18%

10-51%
21-24% (Molla et al., 2016 & 2017)
10-51% (Islam et al., 2022)
35-45% (Fuel 10-15%) (Hossain et al., 2012)

14. Comparative performance of seed yield (t/ha) of different crops under strip
planting system and conventional system in Pabna, Bangladesh

Mustard seed yield Lentil seed yield Maize kernel yield Blackgram seed Sesame seed
(Una) 24 (tha) 10 (Uha) 18 yield (ha) 12 (tha)
| 185 18 2 H 98
152 | | 15 ' 5 A
12 t E
08 4
08 3
03 H
0 0
Conventional Strip Conventional Strip Conventional Strip planting Conventional Strip Conventional
tillage planting tillage planting tillage tillage planting tillage

Samim

yield

1.12

Strip
planting

15. Maize grain yield (t ha“)

Fig. : Maize grain yield as influenced by different levels of (a) irrigation and (b) nitrogen

A:

Maize grain yield (t ha”)

CT im.) ST(Girr.) ST(4irr.) ST(2 ir.) ST(O ir.)

in 2015-16

16. 24
Maize ]
Net profit (AUD/ha)
je sia Net profit
Treatments Grain yield (t/ha) Grain yield (t/ha) an)
| 014-1512015-162016-170014-15 [2015-16 [2016-17 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
| crtpr-cim 2194 2262 2102 557 | 5.19| - | 1139| 829 | |
CTTPR-ZTM 1083 11108 71173 2409 2695 2643 5.85 | 5.4 | - 1200| 881 | - |
10.84 | 1292 | 1183] 2417 2974 2723 568 | 5.39| - |1199| 991 | - |
DT 11186 1103 2417 2657 2426) 583 | 5.39 | - | 1248| 991 | -
[Ceain(%) over cr | 158 | 10.98 | 11.86 999 227 2359 383 | 395| - | 673 [1518] - |

Y In maize - yield gain was run 2016-17 ;
Cay 2015-16 and58%)in 2014-15 over CT.

v The net profit gain was higher in 2016-17 (23.59%), in
2015-16 (22.7%) and in 2014-15 (9.99%) over CT.

Y In rice-the yield gain was higher in 2015-16 (3.95%) and
in 2014-15 (3.83%) over CT.

V The net profit was 15.18% in 2015-16 and 6.75% in
2014-15 over CT.

Samim

17. Soil Health

Bulk density (Mg m)

145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180
oo : <a ae 5
150 (P=0.05)
25 Ex =
= 008
so
a 2 005
E
3 100
3 + -PIRCTW de
1 = ZIDSRZTW 5 am
. u CDSR-CTW 2 ;
a - pose raw \
x > nid da % 00

18. A Moist soil condition

Y j E er À Va RL
«Early planting in moist soil helps— «Seed placement—

- Minimize turn around time, - Deeper soil level at moist region
- Escape terminal heat stress. - Seed germination enhances
«Use & preserve present soil moisture Use & preserve present soil moisture
long time. relatively long time.

«Minimize loss of soil nutrients & OM «Minimize loss of soil nutrients & OM

19. gricultur Climate Smart Agriculture

Required 18.7 L Diesel/ha, which
may emit about 49.3 kg CO.-eq

Required 9.4 L Diesel/ha, which
may emit about 24.7 kg CO.-eq

GHG emissions are higher > GHG emissions are lower
CO,-eq emission reduced by 10-15% (Gathala et al, 2020)

by 22% (Juskulski et al., 2023)

OM added (C sequestration)

20. m

Some constraints of strip planting system

e... 000.0.

Skilled operator needed (Machine and crops)
Land suitability (level)

Weed management (Herbicide dependent)
Initial investment (Machine)

Machine Quality (Proper seeding)

Fertilizer management

Residue management (High demand for cattle)
Small size of land

Farmers mindset (long-time result oriented)

21. > Tools required for strip planting technology

Tools:

«Strip-till implement: This is a specialized machine with coulters that loosen
narrow strips of soil where seeds will be planted. Some strip-till implements
can also incorporate fertilizer application during the same pass.

«Planter: A seeding machine that precisely places seeds within the tilled strips.
Seed planters can be configured for various row spacings and seed types.

«Tractor/Power tiller: A two-wheel power tiller or a tractor needs to pull the

strip-till implement and planter.

Laser leveler: For proper seeding of a crop in the field, a laser leveler may be
used to level the land before starting the plantation

Samim

22. | Knowledge required for strip planting technology

Knowledge:
*Understanding of soil conditions: Soil type, moisture content, and fertility all influence how
effective strip planting will be. Soil testing is recommended before implementing strip tillage.

«Planting principles: Knowledge of planting depths, seed spacing, and crop rotations is essential for
successful strip planting of different crops.

«Crop Selection: Choose crops that are suitable for strip planting and compatible with the spacing
and management practices involved.

*Seed additives: Rice husk, Sand, Wood powder etc. can be used for maintaining proper seed rate.
== PE PUERTA EPT |

23. ' Knowledge required for strip planting technology

Knowledge:

Weed control strategies: Since less soil is disturbed in strip planting compared to conventional tillage,
managing weeds can be a challenge. Understanding alternative weed control methods like cover crops
and herbicides is crucial.

«Calibration and operation of equipment: Proper setup and operation of the strip-till implement and
planter are essential for optimal performance.

«Training and Education: Ensure that personnel involved in strip planting are trained in the principles
and techniques specific to this method. Stay updated on advancements and best practices through
workshops, seminars, and educational resources.

Samim A

24. Development of local service provider

Samim

25. Women’s engagement |
in strip planting system à

28. Samim