Submersible pump

1. Sharda University School of Engineering and Technology Department of Mechanical & Automobile Engineering SUBMERSIBLE PUMP A Report of a Seminar delivered by Mehul Gupta in Partial Fulfillment of the Degree Requirements as per SU Syllabus for the award of     Bachelor of Technology (Mechanical Engineering) Batch of 2009-13 1

2. CONTENT Introduction Types of pump Centrifugal pump Submersible pump Working principle of submersible pump Application Disadvantage 2

3. INTRODUCTION OF PUMP Pump is a machine or mechanic equipment which is required to lift liquid from low level to high level or to flow liquid from low pressure area to high pressure area . low pressure at suction side of pump and a high pressure at discharge side of pump. Principally, pump converts mechanic energy of motor into fluid flow energy. Energy which is received by fluid will be used to lift pressure and to bridge over resistances which are exists in the line that passed. 3

4. TYPES OF PUMPS POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT High pressure Low flow Flow does not change when pressure changes 2. CENTRIFUGAL Low pressure High flow flow changes when pressure changes 4

5. Pumps Used in Building Services Sump Pumps Monobloc Bore well Pumps Submersible Pumps Jet Pumps 5

6. CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS   centrifugal pump  is a  rotodynamic pump  that uses a rotating  impeller  to create flow by the addition of energy to a fluid. Centrifugal pumps are commonly used to move liquids through piping. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially outward into a diffuser or  volute  chamber ( casing ), from where it exits into the downstream piping. Centrifugal pumps are used for large discharge through smaller heads 6

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8. Submersible pump A  submersible pump  (or  electric submersible pump  (ESP ) is a device which has a  hermetically sealed   motor  close-coupled to the pump body. The whole assembly is submerged in the fluid to be pumped . A submersible pump is a pump that is able to be placed underwater and still carry out its intended purpose. Some pumps may be designed to work while being fully submerged, whereas others may be submerged or placed in a dry area. A submersible water pump pushes water to the surface, instead of sucking the water out of the ground like above ground water pumps.  8

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10. Working principle The submersible pumps used in ESP installations are multistage centrifugal pumps operating in a vertical position. Although their constructional and operational features underwent a continuous evolution over the years, their basic operational principle remained the same . Produced liquids, after being subjected to great centrifugal forces caused by the high rotational speed of the impeller, lose their kinetic energy in the diffuser where a conversion of kinetic to pressure energy takes place. 10

11. The pump shaft is connected to the protector by a mechanical coupling at the bottom of the pump. Well fluids enter the pump through an intake screen and are lifted by the pump stages . Other parts include the radial bearings (bushings) distributed along the length of the shaft providing radial support to the pump shaft turning at high rotational speeds. An optional thrust bearing takes up part of the axial forces arising in the pump but most of those forces are absorbed by the protector’s thrust bearing. 11

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13. Applications Submersible pumps are found in many applications: Single stage pumps are used for drainage, sewage pumping, general industrial pumping and slurry pumping . They are also popular with aquarium filters. Multiple stage submersible pumps are typically lowered down a borehole  and used for  water abstraction ,  water wells  and in  oil wells . 13

14. ADVANTAGE Efficiency:  Compared to the ordinary pumps, the submersible pumps are more efficient as it pumps liquid which is close to the pump. It therefore functions less than the ordinary pumps. As these pumps are placed inside the sumps, it can detect the level of water quite easily. 14

15. Noise level:  The submersible pumps seldom produce less amount of noise as it is submerged under water. The walls of the sump help to soften the sounds caused by the pumps. The ordinary pumps are placed outside the wells or sumps which creates a huge amount of noise. 15

16. Safe:  These pumps are quite safe compared to the other types of pumps as all the potential dangerous components of the pumps are placed under water. It is usually covered and seldom involves the prospects of children tampering with its internal components and valves. 16

17. DISADVANTAGE The largest disadvantage of these pumps is that you put it in the water. This means it will have a shorter life because it is sitting in and sucking up muck from your pond. It is also harder to clean and maintenance because it is sitting on the bottom of the pond. There is the chance the pump will become corroded and lose its seals, thus allowing liquid to penetrate into the motor housing and causing substantial damage to the unit. 17

18. CONCULSION The submersible pump was driven by its own power source – mains electricity or generator – so the eductor trucks could switch off their engines while being filled. This reduced fuel costs to the eductor companies. Moreover, it reduced the amount of noise generated by the works, such that there was a noticeable reduction in impact on adjoining residents. This was the same pattern for both the mains electricity version, and the generator-driven version, which was extensively sound-proofed. 18

19. In our opinion, a submersible pump may have a place in heavily populated residential areas as a source of water supply. In this application the submersible advantage of quite operation, unobtrusive surface equipment and low initial cost may outweigh the disadvantag . 19

20. REFERENCE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible_pump www.nationalpumpcompany.com/pdf/applications.pdf http://www.ehow.com/list_7242785_submersible-pump-advantages.html 20

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