Suicide prevention

suicide prevention

1. Dr. Ajaz Ahmad Suhaff SKIMS MEDICAL COLLEGE Suicide prevention

2. The word suicide derives from a Latin word sue ( of oneself) & Cide or cidium (a killing ). Major public health problem Introduction

3. Nearly 1 million people worldwide commit suicide each year. Every 40 seconds a person dies by suicide somewhere on the globe . India reported about 381 suicides daily for the year of 2019, marking an increase of nearly 3.4% suicide deaths as compared to 2018 . [ a report by the National Crime Records Bureau said ].

4. How does the word ‘Suicide’ Make you feel? Do any of these attitudes apply to you? Attitudes to Suicide

5. People who die by suicide don’t give warning signs It is mostly young men who die by suicide People serious about suicide can’t be helped so what is the point? People who talk about suicide are just attention seekers Talking about suicide might give someone the idea to do it

6. Who is at risk of dying by suicide ?

7. ANYONE

8. Depression Schizophrenia Addiction disorder Family history & past history of suicidality Dysregulated serotonergic system Early parental loss Isolation Unemployment Acute life events Older age Male sex Vulnerable periods Risk factors

9. “ First Suicidal Attempt Due To Fear of COVID-19. A Case Report from Kashmir ”, International Journal of Medical Science and Advanced Clinical Research (IJMACR) - May- June - 2020, Vol – 3, Issue -3, P. No. 119 – 123. COVID-19

10. Trouble coping with recent losses , death, divorce, moving , break-ups, etc. Feelings of hopelessness and despair Making final arrangements: writing a will or taking care of details (i.e. closing a bank account ). Gathering of lethal weapons Giving away prized possessions Preoccupation with death, such as death and/or 'dark ' themes in writing, art, music lyrics, etc. Sudden changes in personality or attitude, appearance , chemical use, or school behavior Warning signs

11. “I can't go on anymore“ " I wish I was never born“ " I wish I were dead“ " I won't need this anymore“ " My parents won't have to worry about me anymore“ “ Everyone would be better off if I was dead ” “ Nobody cares if I live or die” Verbal warning signs

12. Primary health care providers Mental health care providers Emergency health care providers Teachers and other school staff Community leaders Police officers and other first responders Military officers Social welfare workers Spiritual and religious leaders Key Gatekeepers

13. Primary. Secondary. Tertiary. PREVENTION of Suicide

14. Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention Improve the skills of team member in identifying high risk clients and in planning for treatment and care. Never allow high risk cases to be alone. Identify the stressor , assess the family and the client. Modify the environment. Guidance for high risk cases. Conduct crises intervention program. Refer high risk cases for professional help. Establishment of counselling centers . Improve the ability and quality of Help. Guidance and counselling centers for suicide attempters. Arrange supportive care for high risk groups. Provide treatment Interaction with family and friends of person who committed suicide. Minimizing the residual effects of suicide attempt. Follow up and continuity of care as to be planned.

15. 1.Increasing public awareness 2.Campaign to reduce stigma 3 . Regulating formulations, packaging and sale of pesticides 4.Regulation of over-the-counter medication Intervention at community level

16. Report Responsibly. Avoid romanticizing suicide, which can have a profound effect on at risk teens. Refrain from detailed descriptions of the method of death . Do not portray suicide as an inexplicable act. Suicide has causes, even if these causes are not immediately obvious . Be aware of the implications of language about suicide . Do not let the glamour of celebrity suicides obscure the reality of the act . A celebrity’s suicide should be reported as a tragedy, not as a model for others. Role of Media

17. 309 IPC –used to penalize attempted suicide with up to one year of imprisonment or with fine, or with both . Abetment of suicide is punishable under sec. 306 IPC. As per Mental Health care Act, 2017 clause 115, attempted suicide has been decriminalized, . The relevant provision of the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 states , "Notwithstanding anything contained in section 309 of the Indian Penal Code any person who attempts to commit suicide shall be presumed, unless proved otherwise, to have severe stress and shall not be tried and punished under the said Code .“ Legal Aspect

18. Thank you