Summary of surah al baqara

The longest Surah of Quran Al Kareem

1. Summary of Surah al-baqara

2. ENGLISH NAME: The Cow CHAPTER NUMBER: 2 SURAH BAQARAH TOTAL VERSES: 286 SURAH BAQARAH TOTAL WORDS: 6,140 TOTAL UNIQUE WORDS WITHOUT REPETITION: 2,279 TOTAL LETTERS: 26,249 REVELATION PERIOD: Madini

3. Surah Al- Baqarah is the Longest Surah of the Quran. It has 286 verses divided into 40 Rukus /Sections. It contains the greatest Verse of the Quran, also referred to as Ayat-ul-Kursi which is verse number 255. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said that everything has its peak and the peak of Quran is Baqarah . It begins with the answer to the prayer God has taught us in Surah Fatihah . The beginning words are “This is the Book in which there is no doubt and is a guidance unto the God-fearing.”

4. SURAH BAQARAH MAIN TOPICS

5. Virtues of Al baqara

6. In Musnad Ahmad, Sahih Muslim, At- Tirmidhi and An- Nasai , it is written that Abu Hurayrah said that the Prophet said, لَا تَجْعَلُوا بُيُوتَكُمْ قُبُورًا فَإِنَّ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي تُقْرَأُ فِيهِ سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ لَا يَدْخُلُهُ الشَّيْطَان Do not turn your houses into graves. Indeed, Shaytan does not enter the house where Surat Al- Baqarah is recited.

7. Ahmad ibn Hanbal said that Abdullah bin Buraydah narrated from his father, “I was sitting with the Prophet and I heard him saying, تَعَلَّمُوا سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ فَإِنَّ أَخْذَهَا بَرَكَةٌ، وَتَرْكَهَا حَسْرَةٌ، وَلَا تَسْتَطِيعُهَا الْبَطَلَة Learn Surah Baqarah , because in learning it there is blessing, in ignoring it there is sorrow, and the magicians cannot memorize it.

8. Abdullah bin Masud said, “Those who recites 10 Ayahs from Surat Al- Baqarah in a night, then Satan will not enter their house that night. These are four from the beginning of Surah Baqarah , Ayat Al- Kursi (255), the following two Ayat (256-257) and the last three Ayaat .

9. There are four types of people discussed in this Surah

10. Summary of topics

11. 1-5: Introduction to Quran. This Is the Book About Which There Is no Doubt and the attributes of the Mutaqqeen . 6-7: The attributes of the Kuffar . 8-20:Traits and Characteristics of Hypocrites 23: Surah Challenge: Produce a Surah the Like Thereof and Call Upon Your Witnesses Other Than Allah, if You Should Be Truthful 25: Same Fruit In Paradise: “This Is What We Were Provided With Before .” 26: (Example of Mosquito : Indeed, Allah Is Not Timid To Present an Example – That of a Mosquito or What Is Smaller Than It, 29: Creation of Earth & Seven 7 Heavens 30-38: Creation of Adam, Allah Ordered Angels to Prostrate Adam, all Did, but Iblis/Satan/Devil Refused, Devil Caused Adam & Eve To Disobey Allah. 40-49: O Children Of Israel, God Reminds Them of his Favors 50: Allah Parted Sea for Israelites and Saved Them From Pharaoh 51: God’s Appointment With Moses for 40 Nights, Israelites Calf Worshiping in Absence of Moses .

12. 55-57: Israelites Demanded To See Allah, Thunderbolt Took Them, Death and Revival, God Sent for Them Manna & Salwa 58-60: God’s Command to Israelites When Enter the City Say Hitatun , Moses Struck his Staff and 12 Springs Gushed Forth. 61: They Demanded That Give Us Onion Cucumber and Pulses. 62: All Those Who Are Righteous, From Any Religion Jews Christians and Sabaeans Can Go in Paradise 63: Mount Tur/Sinai Was Palced Above Israelites 65: Be Apes, God Made the Sabbath transgressors Apes 67-73: Moses Said That Allah Commands You To Slaughter a Cow. Their Avoiding, Mention of a Dead Murdered Person Who Became Alive 80-89: Israelites Behavior & Not Accepting Muhammad ﷺ Eventhough They Recognized Him 93: Mention of When God Raised Over Israelites the Mount, [Saying], “Take What We Have Given You With Determination and Listen, They Said We Hear and Disobey 97-98: Whoever Is an Enemy Of Gabriel Michael and Other Angels Then Indeed, Allah Is an Enemy to That Person 102: Mention of Solomon, Harut Marut , Babylon, Magic and its Teaching, all Is but a Trial 104: Do Not Say to Prophet Ra’ina but Anzurna I.E Listen to Us as ra’ina Word Has Double Meanings .

13. 106: Abrogation Of Verses) 111: Mention of Claim of People of the Book That None Will Enter Paradise Except One Who Is a Jew or a Christian 124: Ibrahim Trial, God Promised “I Will Make You a Leader for the People.” [Abraham] Said, “and of my Descendants?” May Be: but God’s Promise Not for Zalims /Wrongdoers 125-131: Ibrahim Building Kaaba & Praying, 138: Color / Religion Of Allah, and Who Is Better Than The Colour of Allah 143:God Said That He Made Muslims a Just/ Balanced/Middle Nation 144: Change Of Qibla /Direction of Prayer From Aqsa to Masjid Al-Haram 146: People of the Book Recognize Muhammad ﷺ as They Recognize Their Own Sons 154: Martyr Not Dead but Alive 155: God Will Test You by Fear Hunger Loss of Wealth 158: Safa Marwah : Allah’s Signs 173: Mention of Haram Forbidden Food, Mainly Dead Animals, Blood, the Flesh of Swine, and That Which Has Been Dedicated to Other Than Allah 177: Turning Face to East Or West Isn’t Righteousness

14. 178-179: Qisas , Legal Retribution for Those Murdered, This Is an Relief and a Mercy From Your Lord 180-182: Will Wasiyat , Inheritance 183-187: Fasting , Rozay , Siyam , if Not Able Then Equal Number of Days Later or Feed A Man, Lawful To Go to Wives at Night 190-194: Fight , Slaying, Fitnah Is Worse Than Killing, Do Not Fight Them at Al-Masjid Al-Haram Until They Fight You There, Fighting in Sacred Months 196-203: Hajj , Head Shave if Not Give Charity or 3 Fasts, Sacrifice. Mention of Arafat, Mina 213:Mankind Was On One Religion [Before Their Deviation ) 216-217: Fight Order, Question Regarding Warfare In Sacred Months, Fighting Therein Is Great [Sin], but Averting [People] From the Way of Allah Is Greater Sin, and Fitnah/Corruption in Land Is Greater Than Killing 219: Drink , Intoxication & Gambling 221: Marriage Among Idolaters, a Believing Slave Is Better Than a Polytheist, Even Though She/He Might Please You 222: Menstruation 223: Women Are Like Tilth , a Place of Sowing of Seed 226-230: Divorce , Iddah /Waiting Period, Four Months, Halala

15. 233: Mother May Breastfeed Her Child for 2 Years 234: Iddah /Waiting Period if Husband Dies: Four Months and Ten Days 236-237 & 240& 241: Mahr & Provision for Wives 243: Mention of a Story of Thousands of People Who Die & Then by God’s Grace Become Alive 246-251: Mention of Samuel, Talut /Saul, Jalut /Goliath and David/Prophet Dawood 258: Mention of Story of Ibrahim & Namrud . Ibrahim Dialogues With Him Regarding Death Life and Then Regarding Rising Place of Sun 259: Mention of Story of a Person Who Remained Dead For 100 Years and Then by God’s Grace Became Alive, God’s Dialogue With Him Concerning his Donkey and Food 260: Ibrahim Questions Allah About Life and Death & God’s Gave Him an Experiment of Four Birds 261: Wealth Spending Reward Example Like Grain With Seven 7 Ears 275-280: Riba , Usury, Interest , Those Who Consume Interest Will Stand on Day of Resurrection as Insane People , Allah Destroys Interest and Gives Increase for Charities, Usury Is a War Against God & Prophet 282-283: Debt , Contracts & Women Half Witness, if no Contract Than Pledge Something in Lieu

16. First Ruku There is no doubt in This book.(A very big challenge)• Six qualities of people who will be benefited from this Book.(Piety, Faith on Ghaib , Salat , Charity , Faith on Books, Faith on Hereafter, Believe in that which is revealed to Prophet Muhammad(saw). All types of Wahi revealed on Prophet (saw) ( Khafi / Jali )( Quran+Hadees ) These are Truly successful. Three groups of People: Momineen , Kuffar , Hypocrites Fear of Ghishawa (sealing up) Teaches us to make correct use of ears, eyes, & heart.

17. Ruku 2 Characteristics of Hypocrites.• Contrast of Faith in one’s heart and verbally.• Deceiving your own soul Hypocrisy , a disease. Spreading disorder on earth. Razing the rights of Allah and rights of all His creations. C alling the Companions fools and making fun of them . Parable of Hypocrites: Example of Light and Rain

18. Ruku 3 Rationale to submit yourself to Allah ( swt ) Worship / submission Challenge of Quran: Miracle Men and stones for fuel of Hell fire. Stating punishment and reward side by side. Fear and Hope Fasiq means transgressor, disobedient. Who break covenants( Allah‟s covenant, covenant with humans) Spreading disorder on earth. Razing the rights of Allah and rights of all His creations .

19. Ruku 4 Khalifah or guardianship. Obedience of Allah ( swt ), compliance of His orders and duties and endeavor of their enforcement. Knowledge is superior to Mindless Worship . Superiority of Hazrat Adam (as) over angels. Arrogance: Not following commandments Of Allah ( swt ) is Satan‟s behavior. Satan’s enmity with humans: Prompting , Alluring, Tempting, Whispering evil suggestions etc. Repentance: Difference between Hazrat Adam (as) and Iblis. Hazrat Adam’s remorseful behavior , Satan‟s behavior of arrogance, blaming others and making excuses, obstinateness.

20. Ruku 5 Remembrance of Allah‟s blessing and favors, fulfilling your covenants. Fear Allah alone ( rahab / taqwa ) Rejecting Gods directives and orders for the sake of worldly benefits. Intentionally concealing truth or mixing truth with falsehood. Conceal truth by resorting to false propaganda. Contradiction between what you say and do. Meaning of Tilawat ------- to go after. Take assistance from Salat and Patience ------- Remedy to drive the strength. Adopting humility and obedience.

21. Ruku 6 & 7 Bani Israel’s History, Allah’s blessing and favors on them and their continuous defiance , Allah pardoned them every time. Reason for asking for lentils and vegetables. Instead of life of Jihad they want a settled life. Life of Jihad Involves Training , struggle to achieve higher goals. Why misery and wretchedness were stamped upon Bani Israel: three reasons 1 . Rejecting the Revelations (signs) of Allah . 2 . Killing His Messengers without any just cause 3 . Disobedience and their persistent transgression against the Law. Disobeying, distorting or refusing to accept those teachings of God which they found contrary to their desires.

22. Ruku 8 Covenant of Bani Israel: Situation , raising of Tur Mountain. Story of Sabbat: Importance of enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong. Story of the cow : Argumentation , series of questions, wants to get the answer of your own choice , trying to put on hold the issue by resorting to enquiries. More they enquired, the narrower the conditions became for them. Test is always where you have personal flaw, it’s always hard to renounce the things you love.

23. Ruku 9 Hardness of heart: hard as rock Giving Fatwa to gain some worldly end. Woe to them. Misconception: Immunity from hell-fire or possibility of a transitory punishment before they were transported to heaven.

24. Ruku 10 & 11 Solemn covenant: No blood shed among ourselves. Believe in one part of the Book and disbelieve in the other. Obeying some rulings of the Book and rejecting others.( Rejection/ Kufr by disobeying, un practicing. Islam is not a buffet platter Why people grew rebellious against Messengers because what He brings did not suit their lusts. Securing of hearts or in covering is not the thing you have be proud of , instead it is a Curse. Jealousy and stubborness they Rejected the Truth.

25. Ruku 12 & 13 Harut and Marut / Black magic: Without any labor and hardship just few blows and Incantation can do everything for you. Incantation which caused division between husband and wife. Listen attentively and then practice. Naskh fil Quran -- Abrogate Ayahs (to cancel or revoke formally or officially) & hikmah behind them Hair splitting arguments, unnecessary inquisitiveness ------- It is better to follow the injunctions which are clearly laid down, abstain from things prohibited, and avoid excessive inquiry about far-fetched, hypothetical issues, attending instead to questions of practical significance.• Don‟t waste ones valuable time by engaging in useless debates. Prerequisite for entrance of Paradise is to surrender oneself to Allah in obedience and follows the Right Way. If you became Mohsin you will be rewarded .

26. Ruku 14 & 15 Don‟t call anybody Kafir ; differences will be determined at Day of Judgment. Displeasure of Jews and Christians will never end, they will never be happy until they make you practice their religion. The honour of making Kaaba was given to Hazrat Ibraheem AS. He supplicated for Momin offspring, making dua for Rizq , making dua for peace. Four purpose of Advent of Prophet Muhammad (saw) ----- Recite revelations, teach them the Book and Wisdom and purify their lives.

27. Ruku 16 & 17 Advice your children, contemplation of our offspring’s deen , teach your children to love God and observe His commandments. God alone should be served. Sibghatullah : Always everywhere, every time and in every aspect of our lives Allah‟s color should be prominent, His orders are observed (walk and talk like Allah wants you to, working for His pleasure . Change in Qiblah , importance of Qiblah . “ Ummat e Wast : the community of the middle way It signifies that distinguished group of people which follows the path of justice and equity, of balance and moderation, a group which occupies a central position among the nations of the world. Responsibility of Imamat (Leadership ) before all mankind given to Muslim.(Word witness, act witness)

28. Ruku 18 & 19 Instead of arguing with each other on controversies try to excel one another in good works. Do not fear people but fear Allah ( swt ) only . Four purpose of Advent of Prophet Muhammad (saw) ----- Recite revelations, teach them the Book and Wisdom and purify their lives. Remembrance of Allah ( swt ): Promise that Allah will remember you. The real remembrance is to obey His commandments, adherence to Halal and Haram. Gratification towards Allah ( Shukr ) Acknowledging His favors, blessings. Avoid Complaint, Disobeying of Allah‟s commands . Ingratitude is Kufr . Fortitude and Salat : Solution of every affliction and hardship, trials & tribulations. D evelop patience and strengthen ourselves by devoting to Prayer.

29. Status of Martyrs: Fear, hunger, loss of property, life and earnings . Trial ,test (Solution: Be steadfast)• Supplication ---------- Deep conviction in our heart: To Allah do we belong. Allah‟s curse upon those who show Stinginess of knowledge(conceal the clear teachings and guidance) Spreading the guidance. The original meaning of kufr is to conceal, refusal to believe, deny, reject. Six forms of disbelief.1. Refuse to believe in the existence of God 2 . Recognizes the existence of God but refuses to accept His ordinances 3. Refuses to believe in the Prophets 4. Differentiate between Prophets 5. Refusal to recognize, either totally or partially, the teachings by the Prophets. 6. Theoretically accepts all but willfully disobeys Gods ordinances and persists in this disobedience.

30. Ruku 20 & 21 Signs of Allah( swt ): Working of this universe. ( 8 rationales from nature) Love and affection with Allah, connection with Allah. A bsolute priority in seeking His pleasure. Caterer , Listener of your complaints, savior of your unmanageable ------ Allah( swt ). On the day of Qiyamah leaders will show no attachment to their followers. Punishment of those leaders who misguided their followers . Importance of lawful earnings. Renouncing what is unlawful and doubtful. Making Haram into Halal and Halal into Haram: Devotion toward Satan who commands us to commit sins and indecency. Satan's policy: Superstitious customs and taboos as God-given religious teachings is satanic deception. Following fore fathers: Parable of irrational animals. Using good and clean things without hesitation what Allah has provided us and be grateful to Allah.• Haram things are only four ------- Carrion, blood, swine flesh and what has been made sacred other than of Allah . Concealing the Truth: Responsibility of scholars. Differences and dispute are created because of ones stubbornness,

31. Ruku 22 & 23 Ayat - i -Birr(the virtues): The essence is obedience, the real righteousness. Our view of piety and broader aspect of righteousness including Belief , worship, relations, pledge and patience. Law of retribution, diyah or blood money. Law of retribution ensures security of life for you. The Quranic view of making will(1/3rd) The Book which give criterion of Truth and falsehood. Proclaim Allah‟s greatness, glorify Allah for the Guidance He sent. Connection of Ramadan and Fasting. Fasting produce piety, Quran is guidance for pious people. Fasting during the month of the revelation of the Quran is more than an act of worship or an excellent course of moral training; it is also an appropriate form for the expression of our thankfulness to Allah for the bounty of the Quran. Islam is a lenient deen , there are no hardships. Peoples own misconceptions often caused great inconvenience. Etiquettes of supplication. Relations between husband and wife explained metaphorically in terms of garment, affinity , secrecy, honor, concealment. Don’t skirt near the boundaries of disobedience. Caution demands that one should keep some distance from these in case we unintentionally cross them. Usurp one another’s property by unjust means -------- bribery, theft , gambling, interest, embezzlement.

32. Ruku 24 & 25 Etiquettes and principles of war. Fitna is worse than bloodshed. Spending our wealth in the Way of Allah, if we don’t than we are casting ourselves into ruin with our own hands . What is Ihsan ? Perform the task entrusted to us. The higher standard is to perform that task in a wholesome manner, to devote our capacities and resources to its fulfillment, to do our duty with our heart. The first standard of obedience is that we should fear God. The other and higher standard is Ihsan (moral and spiritual excellence) for which it is necessary that we should have a strong love for God and a profound attachment to Him. Injunctions concerning Hajj and Umrah . Excellent supplication: Ayah 20: Asking for hasnah in this world and Hereafter. Refraining from disobeying Allah is sign of understanding and wisdom. A character that charms people with this worldly life, with his superficial talk, deadliest opponent , spreading mischief, arrogant, argumentative, quarrelsome. Another character that fear Allah and devotes his whole life to please Allah. Enter completely into Islam. No backing out, no picking and choosing , complete obedience, and complete practice in all aspects of our lives.

33. Ruku 26 & 27 The worldly Rizq (economic strength, abilities) is not criterion for success. Differences arose not because people were not given the knowledge of the truth; it arose because they wanted to oppress one another. D efiance & egoism. Faith will be tested and entering Paradise has prerequisites. Believers will be tried by efforts and struggle and the resulting hardship and sufferings. Living reality ( our temptations , Satan) Unpleasant things according to our judgment can be better and our favorite things can be bad . How do we react about our judgments? Persecution ( fitna ) is far worse than bloodshed. Jihad denotes doing ones utmost to achieve something. First injunction concerning intoxicating drinks & gambling: More harm than benefit.• Conduct with orphans. Marriage with Mushrik is invitation to fire. Marriage is not just physical relations between a man and a woman. It is a relationship which has deep social, moral and emotional implications on our future generations. Allah makes His revelations plain, easy and open to the people so that they should learn a lesson and follow the admonition.

34. Ruku 28 & 29 Menstruation: State of impurity , closer to sickness than health, discomfort. Marriage is not just recreation, but a way to ensure continuity of human race. Illa is when a husband has taken a vow not to have sexual relations with his wife . Waiting period 4 months. Injunctions concerning divorce: Iddat is a waiting period after which a new marriage is permissible. Iddat of divorcee is three menstrual cycles. Men have a degree above women. This is mentioned under the context of divorce. Means in the issue of divorce, men do have an advantage over women. Injunctions concerning marriage and divorce. T here are two revocable divorces. Halala : Tough condition for remarrying after divorce. Fear of Allah and remembering that Allah is All knowing is the key which will make us on right path concerning marital relations.

35. Ruku 30 & 31 Injunctions of suckling children ( Rada’ah ). If there is an infant involved after a divorce, the husband has the right to ask his ex-wife to feed the child for a period of 2 years. Child support is on the father Iddat of a widow ----- Four months and ten days. Generosity in dealings is essential for human relationships. If everyone were to stick strictly to his legal rights and claims, a pleasant social life would become impossible. Take great care of prayers specially Salat ul Wusta ( Salat Asr ). The sudden shift in this topic because Allah reminding us to guard our relationship with Allah and don’t forget Him during our personal relationship problems. Even in the state of war (fear) one has to perform Salah. Providing compensatory benefits (Alimony) to a widow and divorced women .

36. Ruku 32 & 33 Prompting the sacrifice of one’s life and possessions in the way of Allah Almighty. Goodly loan “ Qardh e Hasna ” ----- whatever one gives to another person selflessly with absolutely pure motives. Spending in the way of Allah never decrease your wealth. The story of Talut and Jalut and its lessons: Person with physical and mental abilities should be appointed as a leader. Piety is more important than wealth and clan . Faith will be tried and those who obey will succeed. Dua Ayat 250 ----- Asking for the blessing of fortitude , firmness and victory against enemy. Along with material resources supplication is compulsory for achieving victory. Divine law of repelling one set of people by means of another otherwise the earth would have been filled with chaos and anarchy.

37. Ruku 34 & 35 Spending in way of Allah is the best deed. The merits of Ayat ul Kursi (The Greatest Ayah of Quran) There is no compulsion and coercion in regard to religion. Use of free will. Taghut is a creature who exceeds his limits and shows arrogance. It can be Satan, a person, oneself, ones wife and children, relatives, family and community , friends or social environment, leaders and rulers . Rejection of taghut and believe in Allah. Right and wrong have been differentiated. The darkness of Ignorance throws man off the pathof salvation and directs his energies and efforts to wrong directions in defiance of reality. The knowledge of Truth (light) shows the purpose of life and leads to adopt the Right Way . The story of Ibrahim (AS) and Nimrud. ( Excellent rationale) Life after death ----- stories of Hazrat Ibrahim(AS) and Hazrat Uzair ( AS)

38. Ruku 36….. Ayaat 261-274

39. Ruku 37 Give the best portion of your wealth for Sadqah . Satan discourages us with the threat of poverty and prompts us to do shameless conduct but through Sadqa Allah has promised pardon. What is true wisdom ( Hikmah ): Using our resources moderately to meet our needs and spend whatever is left for charitable purposes.(right insight, judgmental power) Non-obligatory charity should preferably be dispensed secretly. Sadqah expiate sins, it wither bad qualities slowly. Better to give Sadqah to those needy people who don’t ask. Spend Sadqah on those people who devote themselves wholly to serve Islam. ( Ashab Suffah ).

40. Ruku 38 What is Riba ? The people who think interest & trade are same are called bewitched and maddened by Satan’s touch. Why is there so hard admonition for interest? Declaration of war by Allah and His messenger for those who did not give up interest-based transactions. Interest breeds meanness, selfishness, apathy and cruelty towards others. It leads to the worship of money and destroys the spirit of altruistic co-operation between man and man. Thus it is damaging for mankind from both an economic and a moral viewpoint. Allah deprives interest of all blessing and develops charity.

41. Ruku 39 Ayat e Dain ----- Longest Ayah of Quran. Injunctions concerning debts and debtors. Debt transactions should be written down in the presence of witnesses to avoid future conflicts and doubts. If writing is not possible, take a security deposit or a pledge will be sufficient.

42. Ruku 40:Last three Ayahs of Surah Baqrah / Gift of Miraj and The best dua which Allah has taught us.