tajweed rules.pdf

Use for tajwid learner

1. There are six (6) throatal letters.

These letters are pronounced from thres
levels of throat.

(1) Bottom of the Throat (A £-)

Fr de
€ & GET mure ex
(3) Topofine Throat ( )

There are seven (7) bold letters.
These letters are pronounced with a heavy and strong voice,

bELEWPe

These are arranged in a group form ( “bi bie Jas)

Ra (2) has some exceptions. It may be bold or light.

It is bold when it has any harakat movement) wen it.
< i É vg sr
2 LA WS des Sa 5 S
- Itis light when it has any harakat (movement) below it.

Keto dd

2. = When it has a sakoon (jazm) on it then we will look the letter before it. If
the previous letter is a bold letter or it has any harakat (movement) upon
it then Ra becomes bold and if i has any harakat (movement) below it
then Ra becomes light.

HL
ví vl Boldistrong)

el

= As = (Ligntison)

Note: We will apply the same rule on laam (J) in the word Allah (ALI), we win
recite it bold or light looking at the letter before it.

‘There are three harakaat (Movements) in Arabic.

(1) = (Fathah or Zab) — |

= Kenai orm OS

2,
(3) 9 (Pammah or Pesh) |

SO AR LARA (+)

A letter having a harakat (movement) sign {-- ) is called Mutaharrik (moved)
letter. If a letter is without a harakat sign, it is called saakin (resting) letter, and a
sign (2) appears over this letter is called Sukoon (jazm).

The letters having no sign on them (empty letters) are called silent letters. Since
they do not produce any sound of their own therefore, they should be
overiooked. These silent letters generally occur when Allfwaw and Ya (Maddah}
are involved. Also letter Lam. (J) frequently becomes silent where the definite

article (al) is prefixed to a word.
Sa epee

tb ba

3. TAREE (><)

A wn lor oa kt (ma
of writing a harakat and Noon saakin ( 9) separately. the respective harakat sign
doubled. Thus letter Noon Saakin (4) is sounded but not written.

EFE FIG ZA +)
€ eye ‘ 1.
BEL (LU isequatto cn

Fathatain generally has a long vowel letter Alif..

REIKaSrataln(DOUbIEKaSranDOW ZED! (7 |

O

5: Dammatain (Double KasrabvDow Pesh} 12
o & $

02 FM SD isequaito

huma

Saying the voice of meem or noon completely into the nose for a while is called
Ghunnah, whereas Ikhfaa mean hiding the voice of noon or meem partially
into the nose.

There are three (3) maddah letters. $2

FER |=,

When Allf has no movement or sukoon (|) and the letter before Allf has a
Fathah/Zabr (2) on It, then letter Allf Is called Allf Maddah and will be
prolonged for 2 measures of harakah (2 seconds).

LE

4. GEHEN) [tis also equal to Alt Maddah and will bo Prolonged

for 2 measures of harakah (2 seconds).

1 « ER #1
Sisequalto|3 and LE à equal to ás

Note: If anytime the letter Allf appears with harakat or sukoon, this Is not a true

Alf but its letter Hamza. Letter Allf appears always empty, It may come with

Madd sign and always comes after another letter, whereas the letter Hamza may

come with a movement as the first letter in a word.

cle! Lol

A (> 2)

When wao has a sakoon/Jazm ('$) and the letter before wao has a
DammahiPesh (4) on it, then it is called Wao Maddah and will be prolonged for

2 measures of harakah (2 seconds).
e» o.»

pos
nan (6) 150 ui to wao Mad and wil be

een for 2 measures of ar (2 seconds).
5
un

RM =,

When ya has a sakoon (+) and the letter before ya has a KasrahiZer (7) oı
then itis called Ya Maddah and will be prolonged for 2 measures of harakah (
seconds).

asl D Cd
(1) It Is also equal to Ya Maddah and will be Prolonged

for 2 measures of harakah (2 seconds). 5

e dl ou

% ls equal 0% À 1 Is equal to
There are two (2) Leen letters.
¡A > -,

When wao has a sakoon/Jazm (3) and the letter before wao has a Fathah/Zabr
(2) on, then tl called Wao Leen.

5. When ya has a sakoon/Jazm (3) and the letter before ya has a Fathah/Zabr (=)
on It, then It Is called Ya Leen,

Madd sign (7) indicates to prolong (stretch) the Maddah letters (Alif, wao and
ya} or Leen letters (wao and ya).

Note: There are several kind of Madd, Duration of stretching (4 to 6 measures of
harakah) and it depends on adjacent letters in a word. The detail rules are
essential for advanced learner only, but we should understand the basic madds.

(EEE (Long Maca)

The Madd (1) in which after maddah letter, the next letter is hamza in the same
word is called Madd-e-Muttasil. It is prolonged from 4 to 6 measures of harakah
(4 to 6 seconds),

te ES
MM (shore Mace)

The Madd (1) In which after maddah letter, the next letter Is hamza In the
beginning of the next word is called Madd-9-Munfasil. It is optional and may be

Prolonged from 4 to 6 measures of harakah (4 to 6 seconds).
Ze regalo

old ay

The Madd (12) in which after maddah or Leen letter, the harakat (movement) of
the last letter of the word will be changed into a sakoon which is temporary due
to stopping, Is called Madd-e-Aarith Wagfl. It Is also optlonal and may be
prolonged from 4 a 6 measures of herakah (4 to ao

6. The Madd (TZ) in which after maddah letter, there is an original sakoon or
shaddah in the same word or in the starting of next word is called Madc-e-
Lazim, tis prolonged from 4 to 6 measures of harakah (4 to 8 seconds).

Écholslgalehetierst

There are five (5) echo or qalqalah letters.

When these letters come in the Quran with sakoon (), we make an echo
sound after sakoon by opening the lips. We shall pronounce them with more
force, when there is a shuddah (4) on the letter and ite lighter when there is a
sakoon (2).

stb (u)

Ifa Tashdld sign (2) appears over a letter, then the letter is said again. The first
time having sukoon (jazm) and the second time with harakat.
A letter having Tashdid sign is called .Mushaddad.

eb
LS) Ey Eos
If a Tashdid sign (#} appears over meem or noon then meen and noon will be

ie ERA
Ae Ól- dul

Idgham (Merging) means to mix up one thing into another. When two letter
having a similar point of articulation or similar kind, appear side by side first
letter with (saakin) and the second letter with Tashdld with following
characteristic,

(1) Same letters Example 3 and > - J'and J (tdghaam mitlayo)

SE ss cronaed io %

7. (2) Letters with similar origin Example = and” - J and
and 17 (lem unsre)

FL KL AN

(3) Related letters Example => and.b or b and - «> and >
Udghaem Mutejesnisayn)
shove at

ASI is changed into a7)

In such cases the letter with sakoon will be merged (suppressed or not
pronounced) with the second letter.

There are four (4) rules of noon sakin and noon tanween.

1. Izhaar (saying clearly)
2. Idgham (Merging or Mixing)
3. Iglab (Converting or changing)
4. Ikhfaa (Hiding)

(BRIERE (Saying Clearly)

Wany throatal letter (C.-C. ©. 5 comes after Noon saakin or Tanween,
then it will be read mama without any Ghunnah.

Er EX & ZU
IEA (2 >>? >)

There are six (6) yarmaloon > JP, ¥ (234%) letters. These are divided into
two groups.

MEME (partial or incomplete ldgham in yamoon. & 225

172907 mai var 4
dues lee Lune altivo
CREME (Complete Idgham J.)

The sound of Noon will disappear completely.
Lost

pere

8. EEE (Conversion to tiny Meem . €.)

If letter Baa (~~) comes after Noon saakin or Tanween then Noon saakin is
changed into Meem salia 4 nasal sound.

= e.
ao LM AE
BRE (Him)
If after noon sakin or noon tanween any other letter appears except the six
letters of Throat, Yarmaloon and Baa, then the noon saakin or noon tanween will
be recited with Ikhfaa. We will hide the voice of noon into the nose for two
seconds.
ae nok ete Y AS 6022

Qui, ur O Fe

1. Izhaarze-Shafvl

3. ldgham-e-Shatwi

3 ikhfaa-e-Shafwl

If any letter, except Meem (¢) and Baa (++) comes after meem saakin (2), It will
be read normally without any Ghunnah.
Ans? .. AR

AGE USE
AGREE RENE

I two meem (fF) come together at the same time then these are merged to one
another and Idgham will take place with a nasal sound.

53 4

lesion

If the letter Baa (=) comes after meem saakin (2), then we hide the sound of
meem Into Baa and Ikhfaa will take place with a nasal sound,

ait bugs
MadfiStopi (Oy

The proper pausing (wagf) and starting (ibtida) while reciting is essential for a
reader of Glorlous Quraan. With an Improper pause or start at a word or verse,
the meaning of a sentence could be distorted.

9. If a pause is made at any word for any reason, in most case the last letter of a
word must be mado saakin.

Ss. Fathatain (7) and letter Taa ©.
28s

» «si O asi OAS

If a pause Is made over a Tashdld letter at the end of a word, Its haarakah will
drop, but the letter must be pronounced with force In order to distinguish
Fées a sukoon and a Tashdid.

222

CBM ES

There are many other ae marks that generally appear In the middle or
end of a verse. The detail of this is beyond the scope of this course. As a
general rule for the beginner, make a pause whenever one find such marks
namely, Jet 2-0 be 3 eue lu) de 43)

exception: y

145

OS
nn

‘An Arabic grammar rule. In some instances if there Is a letter with Tanween and
next letter is Hamza then the Tanween is written into two separate components:

(1) Tanween will change to corresponding single vowel 2».
(2) A tiny Noon with Kasrah Is written under letter Hamza .

i 25

= will be change to Te

ER (i)

Ifanywhere inthe Qur'an the word Anaa (Sl) appears, it will bo read a fits

Ana (OT), Notice the second ait (N, which was connected to the (4, is
ignored.