Teori Perencanaan Substantif 1. The Urban and Regional Economics Theorization Tradition Micro-economic theoretical approaches Agricultural Land Rent Theory developed ( J. H. von Thunen , 1826 ) Urban Land Market Theory (Alonso , 1964) Agent-Based Theories of Urban and Regional Spatial Structure : ( Christaller 1966, Pred 1966, Myrdal 1957, Henderson 1974 , Krugman 1995, Henderson and Mitra 1996, Anas et al. 1998, Fujita et al. 1999. Macro-economic theoretical approaches Spatial Equilibrium Theory ( Alfred Weber 1929 , August Losch , 1954), Regional Disequilibrium Theories cumulative causation theory (Myrdal 1957) growth pole theory (Perroux 1955, Boudeville 1966) Keynesian Development Theory : Harrod- Domar models, the export-base model, the factor-export models, neoclassical multiregional growth analysis (Cooke 1983, Hoover and Giarratani 1984, Andersson and Kuenne 1986, Bennett and Hordijk 1986). Other Theoretical Approaches in Regional Science Social Physics : Carey (1858) and Ravenstein (1885) , Niedercorn and Bechdolt (1969) the gravity model , Entropy ( Wilson 1970, 1974; Wilson and Bennett 1986). F ractal growth and fractal structures (Tobler 1979, Batty et al. 1989, Fotheringham et al. 1989, Frankhauser 1991, White and Engelen 1993). Urban and Regional Mathematical Ecology ( Wilson 1981, Dendrinos and Mullaly 1985, Nijkamp and Reggiani 1998).