Tetracycline

Introduction of tetracycline with its classification and mechanism.
Production of antibiotic ( FERMENTATION)

1. Tetracycline

2. Contents Introduction Classification Structure of tetracycline Mechanism of action Mechanism of resistance Production Uses of tetracycline Storage

3. Introduction Tetracycline are broad spectrum antibiotics, which are chemical substances produced by a microorganism that are able to kill other microorganisms without being toxic to the person, animal or plant. Tetracyclines were derived from Streptomyces bacteria . Tetracyclines were discovered as natural products by Benjamin Minge Duggar in 1945 and first prescribed in 1948.

4. Classification of tetracycline Tetracyclines ) ( according to the during of action Short - acting half ( - life is 6 - 8 hrs ) Tetracycline chlortetracycline Intermediate - acting ( half - life 12 hrs ) Demeclocycline methacycline Long - acting ( half - life 16 hrs ) Doxycycline minocycline

5. Structure of tetracycline Amphoteric compounds, forming salts with acid or base. Zwitter ions in neutral solution They are yellow in colour

6. Mechanism of action • Inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis

7. Mechanism of Resistance Cell become resistant to tetracycline 3 mechanisms Enzymatic rarest type of resistance, where an acetyl group is added to the molecule , causing inactivation of drug. Efflux resistance gene encodes a membrane protein that actively pumps tetracycline out of the cell. Ribosomal protection which blocking tetracycline from binding to the ribosome

8. Uses of Tetracycline Antibacterial resistance Non antibacterial resistance like inflammation Tissue destructive disease like antifibrilogenics Parkinson and other neurodegeneration disease Antiviral and anti cancer Upper/lower respiratory tract infections Skin and soft tissue infections Relapsing fever Cholera Urinary tract infection anthrax

9. Storage Keep at room temperature 65-85 °F (18-29 °C) Keep away from heat, moisture and light.