xxxi
composition
Fanny’s divorce from Sam Osbourne came through on 12 Decem-
ber and, when Sam lost his job, Stevenson found himself responsible
for supporting Fanny sooner than he had expected. He moved to San
Francisco to be closer to Fanny, and felt an intensified need for The
Amateur Emigrant to bring in money. The ‘second part of the Emigrant ’
is still ‘waiting for me’, he reported to Colvin on 26 December, ‘But I
trust something can be done with the first part, or by God, I’ll starve
here’ (Letters 3: 39). Calculating the shortfall between his incomings
and outgoings, he exclaimed, ‘If the Emigrant can’t make up the bal-
ance, why, damn the Emigrant , say I’ (Letters 3: 39). Stevenson’s aspira -
tion to earn £200 a year, confided to Colvin in January 1880, expressed
his desire to be financially independent and hence to prove his man-
hood (Letters 3: 47). Thus, he protested against Colvin’s talk of ‘lend-
ing me coin’: ‘you don’t understand; this is a test; I must support my-
self’ (Letters 3: 47). Ideas of self-worth and ethics also informed his
thoughts about his financial dependence on his parents: as he wrote in
late January, ‘I am glad they mean to disinherit me; you know, Henley,
I always had moral doubts about inherited money and this clears me
of that forever’ (Letters 3: 57).
Colvin and Henley, the two friends who saw Part I of the manu-
script in December, were united in their disapproval of the work. Their
literary judgment was no doubt informed by the hostility to Fanny
shared by his close friends—an animosity which they extended to
all of his Californian companions.3 Colvin confessed to Stevenson’s
friend Charles Baxter on 22 December 1879,
What disturbs me most of all about him is that the works he has
sent me from out there are not good. I doubt whether they are
saleable, and if so, whether they would do anything but harm
to his reputation, this is more particularly true of the account
of his voyage in the Emigrant Ship, on which I had built, and
so had he, considerable hopes. But now that I have read it, I
find it on the whole quite unworthy of him [….] [H]ere he is
doing work which is quite below his mark, and will bring him,
as my strong impression is, neither money nor credit. […] Of
course I don’t believe that this cloud upon his talents […] is
likely to last; but , I don’t believe that it will go as long as he
lives away from his equals and has his mind full of nothing but
this infernal business. And then, if his work is no good, how is
he to live? Of course there is always the chance of his settling
to some cadging second rate literary work out there, and if I
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