The ancient mesopotamian city by Ola Faworaja

Presentation by Ola Faworaja

1. Presentation by Ola Faworaja The Ancient Mesopotamian City

2. Mesopotamia is one of the cradles of human civilization. The earliest cities in the world appeared here about 3500 BC. http://www.crystalinks.com/AkkadMap.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Karte_Mesopotamien.png “Mesopotamia" is a Greek word meaning, "Land between the Rivers". The region is a vast, dry plain through which two great rivers, the Euphrates and Tigris, flow

3. 5000-3500 BC : The  first city-states gradually develop  in southern Mesopotamia. This is the achievement of the Sumerian people. 3500 :  Writing begins to be developed . At first this is based on pictograms, and takes about a thousand years to evolve into a full cuneiform script. c. 2300 : King Sargon of Akkad starts conquering the  first empire in world history . The empire reaches its height in c. 2220. c. 2100 : The  city of Ur becomes the centre of a powerful Mesopotamian state . It soon falls into decline. This marks the decline of the Sumerians as the  Amorites , a nomadic people, start moving into Mesopotamia. 1792-49 : King  Hammurabi of Babylon  conquers a large empire. Hammurabi is famous for the law code which he issues. His empire begins to decline immediately after his death. c. 1530 :  Babylonia is conquered by the Kassites , who rule the area for 400+ years. c. 1500 : The Mitanni, an Indo-European people, conquer northern Mesopotamia, plus areas of Syria and Asia Minor. After 200 years the kingdom of Assyria conquers northern Mesopotamia from the Mitanni From 1100 : Nomadic peoples such as the  Aramaeans and the Chaldeans overrun much of Mesopotamia . The kingdoms of Babylon and Assyria go into temporary decline. Timeline of Ancient Mesopotamian civilization:

4. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states. Sumer ( 3500- 2500 BC) The sumerians settled in sumer the southern part of Mesopotamia. They founded a group of city states and each ruled over its surrounding lands. The most important of this were ur , uruk and lagash . Mesopotamian Society http://socialstudiesrms6second.pbworks.com/f/sumer-map-1.jpg

5. It was around the period of the sumerians the first forms of writing is established. They used clay tablets on which they made inscriptions with sharp Objects. They developed the Cuneiform script. Cuneifrom Script. The cuneiform script was first: Pictographic- Each symbol represented a word to which it was similar. Ideographic- The symbols ad their combination represented concepts Phonetic- Each symbol corresponded to a sound Invention of writing. https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/originals/1c/b2/2b/1cb22bb320a2fcd3c3424378cf1faa27.jpg http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/sumerian_writing.jpg

6. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states. Akkadian Empire ( 2330 – 2130 BC) In the 3 rd millennium before Christ. A new group of people settled into Mesopotamia among the sumerians . The akkadians settled in central Mesopotamia. In 2330 BC the Akkadian king Sargon I conquered sumer thus Establishing the Akkadian empire. It was the first time this land Was ruled by the same leader. Mesopotamian Society http://images.slideplayer.com/26/8459987/slides/slide_3.jpg

7. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states. Babylonian Empire ( 1800– 1500 BC) In 1800 BC king Hammurabi from the city of Babylon located between Akkad and Sumer began to dominate the territory. The Babylonian Empire were later to conquer the Akkadian empire. King Hammurabi was to later become famous for the Implementation of his law code (Code of Hammurabi) it was the first in history. Mesopotamian Society

8. Over the centuries many people lived in this area creating a collection of independent states. Assyrian Empire ( 1300 – 625 BC) Around 1300BC the Assyrians who inhabited the northern part of Mesopotamia created a great empire. Ruling over a large territory. But by this point the Mesopotamian civilization was reaching its End. Mesopotamian Society https://visualunit.files.wordpress.com/2010/05/assyria_empire.png

9. They invented the arch and dome in architecture. They had several important buildings known as Ziggurats, which were temples in the shape of a pyramid. Besides creating the first cities there are several Mesopotamian achievements such as: https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/408/flashcards/693408/jpg/palace_of_shapur1315524647783.jpg http://res.cloudinary.com/dk-find-out/image/upload/q_80,w_960/Ziggurat_MA_00028386_n9k4is.jpg