The brain a presentation

This slide is based on The Brain and its essential parts.

1. THE BRAIN
Submitted by:
Lakshmi saranga
Natural science
Reg no: 13 383 007

2. BRAIN STRUCTURE
AND FUNCTION

3. OVERVIEW
introduction
The brain
Parts of brain
Four lobes of brain
Conclusion
Reference

4. INTRODUCTION
“If the human brain were so
simple that we could understand
it, we would be so simple that we
couldn’t”
-Emerson Pugh, The Biological Origin
of Human Values (1977)

5. THE BRAIN
Most complex
organ of the body
Only weighs 1,300
grams
Contains billions of
neural networks
that interact to
create human
behaviour

6. PARTS OF THE BRAIN
THALAMUS
 Relays
messages
CEREBELLUM
 Coordination
and balance
BRAINSTEM  Heart rate
and breathing

7. Brainstem
responsible for
automatic
survival
functions
Medulla
controls
heartbeat and
breathing

8. THE CEREBELLUM
regulates equilibrium,
muscle tone, postural
control, fine
movement and
coordination of
voluntary muscle
movement.

9. THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
Cerebral Cortex
the body’s
ultimate control
and information
processing
center

10. Thalamus- filters sensory
information, controls
mood states and body
movement associated
with emotive states
Hypothalamus- ‘Central
control’ for pituitary
gland. Regulates
autonomic, emotional,
endocrine and somatic
function. Has a direct
involvement in stress and
mood states.

11. Medulla oblongata- Conscious control of
skeletal muscles, balance, co-ordination
regulating sound impulses in the inner
ear, regulation of automatic responses
such as heart rate, swallowing, vomiting,
coughing and sneezing

12. THE LOBES OF THE CEREBRAL
HEMISPHERES

13. THE LOBES OF THE CEREBRAL
HEMISPHERES
Planning, decision
making speech
Sensory
Auditory
Vision

14. THE CEREBRAL
CORTEX
Frontal Lobes
involved in speaking and
muscle movements and
in making plans and
judgments
the “executive”
Parietal Lobes
include the sensory
cortex

15. THE CEREBRAL
CORTEX
Occipital Lobes
include the visual areas, which receive visual
information from the opposite visual field
Temporal Lobes
include the auditory areas, each of which
receives auditory information primarily from
the opposite ear

16. CONCLUSION
The human brain is an amazing and complex
structure.The function of the brain is to exert
centralized control over the other organs of the body.
The brain acts on the rest of the body both by
generating patterns of muscle activity and by driving
the secretion of hormones.This centralized control
allows rapid and coordinated responses to changes in
the environment. Some basic types of reflexes can be
mediated by the spinal cord but sophisticated
purposeful control of behavior based on complex
sensory input requires the information integrating
capabilities of a centralized brain.

17. REFERENCES
Boyd (2002). Psychiatric Nursing , contemporary practice .Lippincott, USA
Rosenweig, Breedlove and Leiman (2002) Biological Psychology: an
introduction to cognitive, behavioural and clinical neuroscience 3rd
Edition.Sineur Associates , Inc USA.
Stuart and Laraia (2005) Prinicples and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing.
Mosby, USA.
Barlow and Durand (2005). Abnormal Psychology, and intergrated
approach.Thompson/Wadsworth, Australia.
Leonard BE (1997). Fundamentals in Psychopharmacology. 2nd ed.
Chichester: Wiley & Sons.
Purves DE, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al. (eds). Neuroscience.
Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc; 1997.
Lundbeck Institute, www.brainexplorer.com
Blakemore & Frith (2005). The Learning Brain. Blackwell Publishing
Begley (2005). The blood brain Barrier. Gauchers News May 2005c