THE CRYSTAL, LONDON: A SUSTAINABLE INTELLIGENT BUILDING CASESTUDY BY LAKSHMI RAVI CHANDU KOLUSU

PPT PRESENTATION ON A CASE STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE INTELLIGENT BUILDING AS A PART OF CURRICULUM IN INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS SUBJECT OF SEMESTER 8, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CALICUT

1. The Crystal Exploring tomorrow’s cities today LAKSHMI RAVI CHANDU KOLUSU AR4064 INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

2. A sustainable cities initiative by Siemens . Supporting long term cooperation with cities for infrastructure solutions A platform for global collaboration amongst key players in urban sustainability A centre to discuss and learn about the challenges cities are facing and possible solutions to reduce their environmental impact. Home for thought leadership on urban sustainability providing experts to exchange ideas. Why the Crystal? The Crystal A Sustainable Cities Initiative

3. The Crystal A Sustainable Cities Initiative Home to the world’s largest exhibition focused on urban sustainability Conference center for businesses, public institutions, green enthusiasts etc.. Home to the Siemens Center of Competence Cities Showcase for Siemens technologies What is the Crystal for?

4. The Crystal A Sustainable Cities Initiative L o c at i o n

5. The Crystal One building with two parts Floor space of whole building 6920 m 2 Corporate areas 4098 m 2 Exhibition and street 2221 m 2 Auditorium with 270 seats 100 office desks 50 seats cafeteria 225,000 visitors since opening in September 2013 Key figures Exhibition space Auditorium Main entrance Street Corpo rate Crystal

6. The Crystal One of the most sustainable buildings in the world The only building awarded with LEED Platinum BREEAM Outstanding im p rov e d energy e f fici e ncy water self su f fici e ncy Certification OUTSTANDING 42 % 90%

7. The Crystal Green Building certifications OUTSTANDING 8 6 /1 9 points 8 6 .9 2 % BR EE A M poin t s L EE D poin t s Available Points Targeted Points Available Points Targeted Points 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 5 30 25 20 15 10 35 Materials & Re s our c e s Energy & At m o s phe re Water Eff i c ien c y Regional Priority In no v a t i on in Design Indoor En v i ron m en ta l Quality Su s ta inabl e Sites Health and well being Management Land Use and Ecology W a s te Materials W a ter Transport En e rgy Po llut i on 23 10 30 3 9 5 4 16 13 25 13 8 8 8 9 7 26 10 34 15 4 6 14 1 8 16 27 14 8 15 8 10 12

8. An intelligent building The Crystal Building Energy Management System is produced by Siemens and controls all electrical and mechanical system in the building. Information from an outdoor weather station supplements over 3,500 data points within the Crystal. Connected systems include: Heating , air-conditioning and ventilation system Weather station Lighting controls Ground source heat pump Solar thermal hot water system Black and rainwater system Fire alarm and evacuation system Photovoltaic system

9. The Crystal Technology showcase

10. The Crystal Technology showcase 100% electric building, 20% generated by PV panels 80% from UK power networks 84 power meters separately for power and lighting Ground source heat pump No use of fossil fuels Pipe network, 17 km length Building heating and cooling Low energy systems Chilled beams Underfloor heating Low velocity air displacement Natural ventilation Energy recovery system Thermal wheel E n e r gy

11. The Crystal Technology showcase

12. The Crystal Technology showcase Building envelope & light Self shading facade Triple glazing, 70% daylight, 30% heat radiation Strategically placed glazing 65% fluorescent lighting, 35% LED lighting Daylight harvesting

13. The Crystal Technology showcase Remote supervision Siemens Advantage Operation Center Located in Frankfurt / Germany Automatic transfer of consumption data Consumption Monitoring Consumption Analysis Identification of improvement potential

14. The Crystal Next generation management station

15. Light and v entilation The Crystal’s self shading facades use high performance solar glass which allows around 70% of visible light through each window but only about 30% of the solar energy. The glass has three layers and an Argon cavity. Almost every space in the building has access to natural daylight, meaning minimal artificial light is needed .

16. The Crystal Lighting systems

17. The Crystal Lighting systems The lighting system in the Crystal uses a combination of 65% fluorescent lights and 35% LED lights along with an advanced control system produced by Siemens which automatically adjusts every individual lamp to provide comfortable brightness levels without wasting electricity . Daylight and presence detectors will dim the electric lighting or turn it off when it is not needed. The Crystal Building Energy Management System senses indoor and outdoor conditions and then controls the most suitable, energy- efficient ventilation mode for each part of the building. At moderate temperatures, natural ventilation is used and the windows open automatically. At low or high temperatures the windows close and a mechanical ventilation system takes over. Natural ventilation can also be used during night time, reducing the cooling demand during the following day.

18. The Crystal Natural ventilation

19. Heating and cooling Ground source heat pumps supply virtually all of the building’s heating and most of its cooling. The system works by pumping water through a pipe that loops deep into the ground. There are 199 pipes at the Crystal totaling 17km in length and reaching as deep as 150m. Two ground source heat pumps then create hot and chilled water and pump it to underfloor pipes for heating or chilled beams for cooling. Cold water is passed through a ceiling mounted beam so when the rising hot air reaches the chilled beam it cools and sinks, bringing chilled air to those below. Energy is recovered by thermal wheels. Outgoing air passes over a heat-absorbing disc which then rotates into the incoming air stream, warming the fresh air. Around 60% of outgoing heat or coo li ng energy is recovered .

20. The Crystal HVAC systems

21. The Crystal Ground source heat pumps

22. The Crystal Passive chilled beams

23. The Crystal Exhibition air handling units

24. W a t er Rainwater is collected directly from the building’s roof and stored in a 30m³ underground storage tank. Water is treated using filtration and ultraviolet disinfection. Blackwater receives the highest level of treatment when it is recycled, passing through a biological tank with two treatment zones (anoxic and aerobic) and two filters (a membrane filter and a long life carbon filter). The recycled water is used for irrigation and toilet flushing across the site. 100% of WC flushing is taken from our non-potable sources. Around 80% of the building’s hot water is heated by a combination of solar thermal water heating from the roof and ground source heat pumps.

25. The Crystal Water systems

26. The Crystal Water systems Rainwater harvesting 90% self sufficiency 2,900 m 3 /a Blackwater recycling R a i n w a t er B l a c k w a t er Greywater

27. The Crystal Raw rainwater tank

28. Ene r gy The Crystal is a 100% electric building, around 20% of which is generated by the 1580 m 2 of solar photovoltaic roof panels that cover two-thirds of the roof. Energy use in the Crystal is monitored so extensively that every kilowatt of electricity used can be measured. This can then be compared with the performance of other buildings across the world to ensure efficiencies are maintained.

29. The Crystal Energy systems

30. The Crystal Photovoltaic plant

31. Outside building &Transport The Crystal has been built on a brownfield site in an historically industrial area. The ground was treated and reclaimed prior to construction. Hard surfaces surrounding the site are made from durable, recycled materials. A green roof covering the building’s energy centre provides storm water attenuation and a habitat for a rich variety of plant and animal life .

32. The Crystal Sustainable Transport

33. The Crystal Benchmark Triple glazing Glazing positioning Minimized consumption by low energy systems Natural ventilation Under floor heating Chilled beams Low velocity air displacement Minimized green house gas emissions by integration of renewable energy sources Ground source heat pumps Photovoltaic panels Solar thermal panels - 42.6% energy consumption than a standard building - 71.1% green house gas emissions than a standard building Energy efficiency Minimized losses by high performance building envelope Green house gas emissions Energy c o n s u m p t i o n Green house gas emissions - 42.6% - 71.1% Demand controlled ventilation and lighting Energy Monitoring Air tightness Building orientation

34. The Crystal

35. THANK YOU