The northern plains of India presentation.pptx

This presentation is on the northern plains.

1. THE NORTHERN PLAINS

2. HOW ARE THEY FORMED? The northern plain was formed by the deposits brought in by the three major rivers and their tributaries. The I ndus The Ganga The Brahmaputra Alluvium was deposited at the foot hills of Himalayas for millions of years. These deposits are now the fertile northern plains.

3. AREA SIZE= 7 lakh square km LENGTH= 2400 km BREADTH= 240 km to 320 km CROPS GROWN RICE and WHEAT

4. The rivers coming from the northern mountains are involved in the deposition work. In the lower course, due to gentle slope, the velocity of the river decreases which results in the formation of riverine island. RIVERINE ISLAND

5. Divisions of the northern plains The PUNJAB PLAINS The GANGA PLAINS The BRAHMPUTRA PLAINS

6. PUNJAB PLAIN Punjab plains are formed by river I ndus and its tributaries. A major part of the Punjab plain lies in Pakistan. The major tributaries of river Indus are, the Jhelum, the Chenab, the Ravi, the Beas and Satluj. These tributaries start from Himalayas.

7. GANGA PLAIN The ganga plain lies between the Ghaagar and Tista river. It extends over the state of the Haryana, Delhi, U.P, Bihar and part of Jharkhand and West Bengal.

8. Ganga plain may be divided into three regions: Upper Ganga plain : It stretches from the Yamuna river in the west to Allahabad city in the east. Middle Ganga plain : It stretches from Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh) in the west to Rajmahal hill in the east. Lower Ganga plain : It stretches from Rajmahal hill to the Bay of Bengal.

9. Brahmaputra plains The Brahmaputra plains are fed by the Brahmaputra river and its tributaries

10. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF NORTHERN PLAINS The plain mostly comprise of flat land. There are 4 distinct relief features. Bhabar : the bhabar is a pebble covered belt. It is 8 to 16 km in width. It lies parallel to the Shiwalik slopes. All the streams disappear into the belt. Terai : South of the bhabar belt lies the terai belt. This belt was originally covered with thick forests. These forests were cut to enable cultivation. Bhangar : The bhangar is the largest part of the plains. It is covered with rich alluvial soil. The bhangar presents a terrace like feature. Khadar : the khadar is made up of newer deposits from the rivers. The soil is renewed often due to the flow of the rivers. This belt is ideal for cultivation.

11. The northern plains are one of the world’s most intensely farmed areas. Crops grown on the Indo- Gangetic plain are primarily rice and wheat. Other crops include maize, sugarcane etc. The northern plains are also known as Great plains or the Indo- Gangetic plains. They rank among the world’s most densely populated areas.

12. CLIMATE Northern Plains of India which lie to the north of River Ganges have extreme climate. The area is characterized by hot, humid, and very harsh summers. Light cottons are recommended for this season. The rainy season lies between the month of July and the month of September where monsoon brings with it most of the rain received in this region. Winters present the most desirable season to tour the North India. Nights can be freezing cold so heavy woolens should be brought here.

13. WHY ARE THE PLAINS FERTILE? Plains in many areas are important for agriculture because where the soils were deposited as sediments they may be deep and fertile, and the flatness facilitates mechanization of crop production; or because they support grasslands which provide good grazing for livestock.

14. Why are northern plains essential? It is brought down by the rivers, and it is the alluvial soil. These soils are very fertile and soft. The major crops of the northern plains such as wheat, rice, sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds, and jute are grown here. It is the food bowl of India. The northern plain gets the sufficient rainfall. There is the vast and luxurious vegetation. There are many rivers, streams, and lakes. These factors affect the climate and tolerable. The atmosphere of the northern prairie is freezing in winter and sweltering in summer. It is one of the most thickly populated plains of the world. The most thickly populated states of India such as Uttar Pradesh and Bihar lies in this plain. The land of the northern prairie is very soft, level and flat. Therefore, there it can affect more utilization of tube-wells and canals for irrigation. It is the largest producer of food grains in India during the proper irrigation .