The Qur'an Course, authenticity of the Qur'an.pptx

The Quran is the holy book of Islam, believed by Muslims to be the literal word of God (Allah) as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through the angel Gabriel over approximately 23 years. The Quran is written in classical Arabic and consists of 114 chapters, known as surahs, which vary in length. These surahs are further divided into verses, known as ayahs.

The Quran covers a wide range of topics, including theology, morality, guidance for personal conduct, laws, and social matters. It is recited in prayers and serves as a source of spiritual guidance and law for Muslims around the world.

Muslims regard the Quran as the final and most complete revelation, following earlier scriptures like the Torah and the Bible. It holds a central place in Islamic worship and daily life.

1. The Qur’an From Revelation T o Preservation Presenter: Dr. Shaykh Anwar Sahib Nau mai, haere mai Welcome

2. The Qur’an (Arabic:  “Recitation” )  The Word of Allah The Qur’an is the literal word of God, The Almighty (Allah in Arabic), revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through the Angel Jibril (AS) (Gabriel) Guidance for Mankind The Qur’an is  “a guidance for mankind… and the distinction (between right and wrong).”  Qur’an 2:185 The Final Revelation The Qur’an is the last scripture revealed by Almighty Allah (God)

3. Authorship of the Qur’an Allah confirms the Qur’an is from Him, (The meaning is) “We have, without doubt, sent down the Message (The Qur’an); and We will certainly guard it (from corruption).” (Qur’an 15:9) Allah confirms the purpose of the Qur’an, (The meaning is) “This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah” (Qur’an 2:2) Allah rejects that anyone else could have produced the Qur’an. (The meaning is) “And this Qur’an is not such as could ever be produced by other than Allah.” (Qur’an 10:37) The name of the Revelation is given by Allah and also the language chosen by Allah as well. (The meaning is) “Indeed, We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an that you might understand” ( Q ur’an 12:2)

4. Authenticity of the Quran - Challenges mankind to produce another chapter like it - (Quran 2:23) Challenges to find a contradiction in it - (Qur’an 4:82) Declares that none can produce but Allah – (Qur’an 10:37) Gives scientific Information – (Qur’an 41:53) Is Unique (17:88) Is consistent with the message of all other Prophets (Qur’an 2:136) Has Allah’s promise to preserve it (Qur’an 15:9) Is not just for a particular people but for the whole of mankind (Qur’an 2:185) The Qur'an

5. Points to Note Muhammad (peace be upon him) was unlettered. The revelation started from his Prophethood till his death. This is a period of approximately 23 years. Prior to his Prophethood, Muhammad (peace be upon him) was known as “As Saadiq and Al Ameen”- The Truthful & Trustworthy” by his people. To lie or to make up something was not known by his character. The Qur’an was revealed in Oral transition. The Quran was revealed in 7 different dialects. In the dialect of Quraysh, Hudhayl, Tameem, Hawaazin, Thaqeef, Kinaanah, and Yemeni Tribe.

6. Methods of Revelation Aisha (Radi Allahu Anha) narrated that, "Harith bin Hisham asked the Prophet: "How does revelation come to you?" The Prophet said, "Sometimes it is like the ringing of a bell , this form of revelation is the hardest of all and then this state passes off after I have grasped what is revealed. Sometimes the angel comes in the form of a man and talks to me, and I grasp whatever he says." (Bukhari, Badul-Wahy, 1; Muslim, Fadail, 86-87)

7. Oral Transition - Allah would reveal it to Angel Jibril (Gabriel) - Jibril (AS) would come down and recite it to prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) - Muhammad (peace be upon him) would memorize it and then recite it back to Jibril. Also sorting out the Chapters and the arrangement of the verses.

8. Verification Methods - Once memorized and verified then Muhammad (peace be upon him) would recite it to his scribes (selected from his companions). - The scribes will then write it down (on parchments and bones), memorize and recite it back to Muhammad (peace be upon him). Once verified by Muhammad (peace be upon him) then only it would be kept by the companions. Note: Every single verse went through the same verification process. Written, Memorized and Verified .

9. More Verification Methods 65 scribes listed- Ensuring if one made a mistake another would correct it. Memorizing the Qur’an was of very high priority amongst many companions. The Companions reciting to teach other as part of learning, living and attachment to the Qur’an. The Prophet (peace be upon him) and the companions reciting in Dawah and also to the New Muslims. The Prophet (peace be upon him) used to quote verses of the Qur’an in his sermons and talks. Recited aloud in Salah, Fajr, Magrib, Isha, Jumu'ah etc. Note: In the battle of Yamamah many companions who got martyred had memorized the Qur’an. Clear proof that memorizing the Qur’an was of very high significance amongst the companions.

10. More Verification Methods Jibril (AS) would recite to Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) every Ramadan and vice versa. Then the Prophet (Peace be upon) would do the same with his companions. In the last Ramadan of the Prophets life (peace be upon him) this process was carried out twice . Thus, Extra effort made on verification .

11. Compilation “Points to Note” The whole of the Qur’an was written down in the life time of Muhammad (peace be upon him) It was just NOT COMPILED in a single book. Why? - The revelation was still coming. The revelation would only end with the death of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Abrogation process may still occur. - It was not up to man to decide when to conclude this Book.

12. First Compilation Caliphate of Abu Bakr- Many Huffaz (who memorized) were martyred. Task of compilation given to Zaid Ibn Thabit (Radi Allahu `anhu) Zaid and Umar would sit at the entrance of the Prophets Mosque (peace be upon him). Both of them were from among the original scribes and had fully memorized the Qur’an. Only collections (verses or chapters) verified by the Prophet (peace be upon him) were accepted. Accepted when only supported by 2 witnesses.

13. First Compilation Once compiled in a single book, it was then verified again by the various Huffaz and then unanimously agreed upon. So the first single book was complied from what was written down and verified in the lifetime of the Prophet (peace be upon him). Collected and Supported by 2 witnesses and then re-verified by the ones who had memorized the whole book. Verification upon verification upon verification . This was then kept with the daughter of Umar (Radi Allahu `anhu), Hafsa (Radi Allahu Anha), the mother of the believers.

14. Snack Break Quiz

15. QUIZ What is the translation of the word welcome in Māori? Natives of New Zealand. What does the word Qur’an mean? Who is the narrator of the Qur’an? What is the purpose of revelation? Give one challenge the Qur’an gives to prove its authenticity? That it is truly from The Almighty God. How long did it take for revelation to complete? Name one method of revelation as per the narration of Aisha RA? How many scribes were there altogether? What is the unique thing that happened (between the prophet and angel Jibril) in the last Ramadan of the prophets life (peace be upon him)? Give at least one method used in the first compilation?

16. Second Compilation At the time of Uthman bin Affan (Radi Allahu `anhu) During the immense spread of Islam. Tension occurred amongst Muslims regarding the difference in recitation. Remember the Quran was revealed in 7 different dialects as mentioned earlier. Uthman (Radi Allahu `anhu) decided to preserve the Quran in a single dialect the language of the Quraysh and destroy all other ones in order to keep the unity amongst the Muslims.

17. Second Compilation Despatched All non-Quraysh parchments and collections were ordered to be destroyed by Uthman (Radi Allahu `anhu) Copies of second compilation were sent to Kufa, Basra, Syria, Makkah, Yemen and Bahrain with a reciter with each copy to teach the correct pronunciation. One was kept in Madinah. Parts of this compilation still exists today at the Library of Telyashayakh Mosque in Uzbekistan. The whole Islamic world uses the Mushaf of Uthman(Radi Allahu `anhu) today.

18. Points to Note Skeletal Dots were not used in Uthman's copy. Diactrical Marks known as “Tashkil” (Damma, Fatha, Kasra) was not used in the copy of Uthman. This was introduced much later up to 69 A.H. Minor scribal errors in the process of compilation were discovered and corrected before the final copy was produced. Some difference in pronunciation still exists and were permitted by Uthman. This in no way changes the meaning of the verses. For example. Maalik or Malik. None of the above alters the Quran in any way. Writings can vary from time to time however the Recitation in its original form has always been preserved. Variance in writing style is not an evidence of alteration.

19. Oral Transition The main preservation of the Qur’an is in the Oral Transition. The proper recitation can not be learnt without a Qari (The one who recites with the proper rules of recitation) Therefore Uthman (Radi Allahu `anhu) sent a reciter with every copy to different parts of the Muslim world during his time. Preservation by Oral Transition. This is the method Muslims have adhered to at all times.

20. Preservation Allah says, (The meaning is) “We have, without doubt, sent down the Message (The Quran); and We will certainly guard it from corruption. (”Qur’an 15:09) How has Allah preserved the Qur’an? M illions of Muslims have memorised this book from cover to cover today. O ut of 1.8 billion Muslims today only 20% are Arabs. 80% are non- Arabs. Majority of the Muslims who have memorised this book today do not even have Arabic as their mother tongue. Allah has protected The Qur’an in the hearts of the believers. I f we take all the religious books in the world and throw it in the Ocean. It will only be the Qur’an that would be able to be written back the same way.

21. Some of the Misconceptions Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is the author of the Quran. Reasons: He (peace be upon him) was motivated by Material gain. He (Peace be upon him) did it for power and glory He (Peace be upon him) did it to unite the Arabs He (Peace be upon him) did it for moral reformation It was an unconscious fabrication (Epilepsy) It was copied from Jewish and Christians Sources

22. Q & A For more information Contact Brother Muntazeem Khan [email protected] WhatsApp: [phone] Tēnā koutou Thank You Jazakmullahu Khayran