The sense of an ending

Tony Webster is the protagonist of the novel. He is retired man and lives alone.Tony returned to memories of forty years earlier in his final year of secondary school.Veronica is his first girlfriend or relationship fails.

1. The Sense Of An Ending Presented By: 1 Dipti 2 Kailas 3 Prakruti 4 Rajdip 5 Ruchita 6 Urvashi

2. About Book Name of work : Sense of an Ending Type of work : Novel Genre : literary fiction, memory novel and psychological thriller Time & place : written in 1960 Suburban London, England Published : 4 th August 2011 Tone of Novel : Enigmatic, mysterious and Ambiguous Book in past and present tense About a person’s memory of youth

3. About Author Julian Patrick Barnes He is an English writer He has also written Crime fiction pseudonym Dan Kavanagh Genre : Novel, short stories, essay and memoirs He won Man Booker Prize for The Sense Of An Ending (2011) Three of his earlier books had been shortlisted for the Booker prize . Flaubert’s Parrot (1984) England, England (1998) Arthur & George (2005) Costa book awards, shortlist the sense of Ending 2011 David Cohen prize for literature

4. Character list Tony Webster Veronica Ford Adrian Finn Alex Colin Jack Margaret Sarah Ford Susie

5. Tony Webster The protagonist of the novel Also a narrator 60 year old when he is telling his story He is retired man and lives alone Tony returned to memories of forty years earlier in his final year of secondary school He go Bristol university after completing school Veronica is his first girlfriend or relationship fails Marries with Margret his daughter name Susie

6. He found lawyer letter informing him that Sarah ford has bequeathed him £500 and two documents Then re-establish contact with Veronica and tries to solve puzzles questions Tony still not understand her

7. Veronica Mary Elizabeth ford She like poetry and Classical music and refers from dancing She is very complicated character in the novel She came from rather well - off family She has very close relationship with her father and Jack rather than her mother Studies Spanish at Bristol university when they meet Very mysterious person in whole novel Break up with Tony and dating with Adrian

8. Continue The course of the novel it became clear that Veronica act out of pain more than out of deception She have accepted responsibility for other people more than anyone else particular in her close relationship to her mentally ill half brother.

9. Adrian Finn Adrian joins Tony’s group But remain at certain distance from the other members Intellectual and self assured member of their group and always thinking Adrian came from a dysfunctional family his mother left his father Very sensitive and serious man He is fascinated by history , philosophy He preferred reading Camus and Nietzsche Adrian recognized by all school teacher as brilliant young student

10. Continue He leaves a note address to coroner saying that it is a thinking person’s philosophical duty to examine the nature of his life and may then choose to renounce it He goes to Cambridge and then builds a relationship with Veronica He is obsessed with existentialist questions of what makes a life worth living Later he committed suicide and his body was found behind locked door End of the novel it seems that Adrian may have done so for more concrete reason

11. Robson A student in the “Science Sixth” at Tony’s school, Robson never appears directly in the novel, but is a significant reference point for Tony and his friends after he commits suicide, having gotten his girlfriend pregnant. The boys view his suicide as less a tragic event than an opportunity for them to speculate endlessly and abstractly on his reasons and motives. For Tony, Robson’s suicide is also a counterpoint to Adrian’s, since he understands the latter as admirably well-reasoned and the former as desperate and weak: much of the novel will work to complicate and challenge that view

12. Colin A school friend of Tony He shares his jokey, ironic attitude though coupled with true intellectual interest He is fan of 19 th century European author Baudelaire and Dostoyevsky Colin embraces an anarchic view of the universe according to which there is no ultimate meaning and everything left to chaos

13. Alex Alex consider the philosopher among them before Adrian the group He is also a friend that share the details of Adrian suicide information with Tony Who was travelling around the United States when it happened

14. Works Cited: Baena, Victoria. The Sense Of An Ending . 15 June 2018. web. 24 January 2020. <https://www.licharts.com/lit/the-sense-of-an-ending>. Jadeja, Poojaba. "The Sense Of An Ending- Julian Barnes." The Sense Of An Ending- Julian Barnes . 23 February 2015. web. 18 December 2019. <https://youtu.be/FqmVqvXGMmw>.

15. The sense of Ending: Theme Theme Type Word: Human Emotion Unrest Anxiety Love Death(Thanatos) Eros (Sex) Friendship Marriage Breakup Suicide Memory Time Fragmented Past Responsibility Class Conflict Self deception History of personal Past Search for real sense A journey from young to old age Revisiting to the Past Unreliability of thoughts

16. The sense of Ending: Theme 1.Inconsistencies between shared Histories 2.Conflict between Eros and Thanatos 5.Meditation and ageing 3. Suicide 4.Existentialism

17. 1. Inconsistencies between shared Histories One of the central ideas of the novel is Unreliability of history. “ History is that certainly produced at the point, where the imperfection of memory meet the inadequacies of documentation”. Adrian with example of Robson,very beautifully describe history as unreliable and untrue.

18. 2. Conflict between Eros and Thanatos Eros and Thanatos means ‘Sex’ and ‘Death’. “Thanatos weans again” Adrian spoke about Robson’s case.

19. 3. Suicide Suicide of Adrian and Robson in this novel. Example: Farmer, and Young man.

20. 4. Existentialism Comes, “ There is only one really serious philosophical problem and that is suicide”. Adrian as existentialist, commits suicide at very young age.

21. I Learned this novel Comus:, “There is only one really serious philosophical problem and that is suicide”.

22. Making Sense Of Sense Of An Ending Making Sense Of The Sense Of An Ending

23. “ Past is Autobiographical Fiction Pretending to be a Parliamentary Report.” -Julian Barnes (Flaubert’s Parrot)

24. Index The Title Onomastics The diary pages The Equations Letters and E-mails Learning Outcome (So What?) and (What now?) Works Cited

25. Title Title Barnes borrowed the title from Frank Kermode’s book of the same name. A tale or study of reflection and reminiscence Jonathan Cape argues that novel is concerned with what Kermode calls ‘problem of making sense of the way we make sense of the world’. [1] The sense one gets here: There is great unrest. Is it really the end?

26. Onomastics Etymological origins of the characters’ names Anthony (Tony): Derived from the Latin Antonius, an old Roman family name of unknown etymology. “Priceless” and “of inestimable worth” are popular folk definitions of the name[2].  Adrian: Derived from Latin Adrianus or Hadrianus which literally means ‘of the Adriatic’.[2]

27. Veronica:- Greek: Berenike - French: Veronique[2] The popular "Saint Veronica" (not in the Roman Martyrology) traditionally was a pious woman who wiped the face of Christ when he fell carrying the cross to Calvary. The image of his face remained on the cloth, and the "veil of Veronica" has been preserved in Rome from the 8c. Her popularity rose with the propagation of the Stations of the Cross, and this connection led to the folk-etymology derivation of the name from Latin  vera  "true" + Greek  eikon  "image.“[2]  Does the onomastic study prove anything?

28. The Diary Pages Mrs Sarah Ford leaves Tony Adrian’s Diary. However, he’s never able to read it. How do we understand or read a diary? “Diaries may well give some kind of glimpse into the past, but that glimpse, the novel suggests, will always be a partial, biased, and even deceptive one.”[3]

29. The Equations b =   s – v × +   a 1 a 2  + v + a 1  x s = b The equations are Adrian’s attempts to make sense of his situation. “You just don’t get it, do you?  You never did, and you never will.” – Veronica to Tony

30. Letters and Emails The change in communicative mediums Email= marker of the beginning of the digital age A letter and its consequences An e-mail and its reply

31. Learning Outcome (So What?) and (What now?) The novel makes you reflect on your own life: your faults, your words and actions Can we live or end life without guilt and regret? There can be numerous endings if we try to make sense of how people make sense of the world. ‘The end of any likelihood of change’

32. Works Cited: [1] Cape, Jonathan. The Sense Of An Ending. 8 August 2011. web. 23 January 2020. <https://www.newstatesman.com/books/2011/08/barnes-tony-sense-life-novel>. [2] Harper, Douglas. Adrian. 25 October 2017. web. 23 January 2020. <https://www.etymonline.com/word/adrian>. [3] Baena, Victoria. The Sense Of An Ending. 15 June 2018. web. 24 January 2020. <https://www.litcharts.com/lit/the-sense-of-an-ending>

33. Comparative Study

34. Trailer of The sense of an ending

35. Character of Tony Webster and his profession The protagonist of The Sense of an Ending and also its narrator He has several intense relationships with women over the course of his life In the novel he is retired arts administrators and by the time major plot begins, he is retired. But in the movie he runs a small vintage- camera shop. The film has Broadbent playing Tony Webster, who is divorced, runs a small vintage-camera shop, and is melancholic, grumpy, wry.

36. Susie - Tony and Margaret’s daughter The Novel follows linear narrative. For example, first school days, Collage dyas, Marriage etc. In the movie, form the starting , Tony said that I have one daughter. We also comes to know that she is pregnant Susie feels comfortable with Tony but in the novel, we can find conflicting relationship between Tony and Susie

37. Similar Scenes in the Novel and the Movie Letter from Mrs. Sarah Ford Adrian Planning his own suicide Dinner table Scene at Veronica’s House Meeting between Tony and Terry in the Pub Adrain’s description of history [ Robson’s suicide]

38. The major event happens in both when the mother of his university girlfriend, Veronica, wills him £500 and the diary of his school friend, Adrian, who dated Veronica after they went their separate ways. Why was Tony in her will? Why does she have Adrian’s diary? What does the diary say?

39. Robbie Collin reviews The Sense Of An Ending

40. "The more you learn, the less you fear. 'learn' not in the sense of academic study, but in the practical understanding of life." (The sense of an ending - page 82) "How often do we tell our own life story? How often do we adjust,embellish,make sly cuts? And the longer life goes on,the fewer are those around to challenge our account, to remind us that our life is not life,merely the story we have told about our life. Told to other, but-mainly -to ourselves." (The sense of an ending - Page No. 95 )

41. Articles on The Sense of an Ending

42. A critical review of Julian Barnes ‘The Sense of an Ending Novel – Mysteries , memories and self-deception Story opens up with human struggle Ambiguous semantic note Pacy thriller Missed opportunities

43. Review – Memory Reconstructed First person narrative Reconunts memories of Tony Webster Fact and memories Time and self conception Interpretation based on Reading habits Unsolved or interpreted “Formula” At the end remain Question, doubt and regrets “There is accumulation”

44. The Linguistic Singularity of the Novel the Sense of an Ending by Julian Barnes Novel is Bright example of Postmodernism Ideas about the impossibility of new style invention and the necessity of different styles combination Full of different Jargon words- Chook up, Pick-up line, Pick up girls Idioms – Get under skin, Put finger on Two levels of representing ideas- The mix of styles and the loss of figurativeness by phraseological units Novel is full of references to other stories and poem Postmodern writers create new work through the stealing of images and texts from an earlier period and appropriated in a present context, say scientists.

45. Eros, Thanatos and Existential Progression in Julian Barnes’s novel ‘The sense of an Ending’ Modern Existentialism development In the novel developed theme of Existentialism Intertwined with the two drives- Life- instinct ‘Eros’ Death- instinct ‘Thanatos’ Eros and Thanatos words derived from the Greek mythology Eros procreates love and sexual desire Thanatos drives a traumatic mind to death, unconscious desire of die Adrian Finn’s mention for both ‘Eros’ and ‘Thanatos’ – Sex and death

46. Law, History and Literature as Narrative in The Sense of an Ending Intersection of legal, literary, historical lenses of viewing narration Diachronic and synchronic Narratives Narrative Rationality Historiography in the classroom The fantasy space of the Trial Writing letters, writing Narrative Law, history, and literature are all constructs receiving social support that provide a method for ordering the difficulties and uncertainties of the human experience.

47. Learning Outcome “The more you learn, the less you fear. ‘Learn’ not in the sense of academic study, but in the practical understanding of life.” Instant decision and regret of anything “There is accumulation. There is responsibility. And beyond these there is unrest. There is great unrest.”

48. Kirpichnikova, Anna. "The Linguistic Singularity of the Novel the Sense of an Ending by Julian Barnes." The Journal Of Social Science Research 1 (2018): 556-558. web. 27 January 2020. < https://ideas.repec.org/a/arp/tjssrr/2018p556-558.html >. Kulvete, Samuel C. "Law, History and Literature as Narrative in The Sense Of An Ending." April 2014. thescholarship.ecu.edu. web. 26 January 2020. < https://thescholarship.ecu.edu/handle/10342/4403 >. Maji, Dr. Pew. "Eros, Thanatos and Existential Progression in Julian Barnes' Sense Of An Ending." The Criterion: An International Journal in English 9.2 (2018): 232-238. web. 27 January 2020. < http://www.the-criterion.com/V9/n2/BT01.pdf >. Tariq, Mohammad. "A Critical Review of Julian Barnes' The Sense Of An Ending and Hilary Mantel's Bring Up The Bodies." Pune Research: An International Journal In English 2.4 (2016): 6. web. 27 January 2020. < http://puneresearch.com/media/data/issues/57b89da80e2e7.pdf >. Wilhelmus, Tom. "Review: Memory Reconstructed." The Hudson Review 64.4 (2012): 705-711. web. 26 January 2020. <https://www.jstor.org/stable/23243795>. Works cited

49. Works Cited Markowetz, F. (2012, 06 08). A philosophical suicide — Julian Barnes’ The Sense of an Ending . Retrieved from wordpress.com. Memory versus documentation Responsibility Connections and reflections An Oedipus complex?

50. Works Cited Oró-Piqueras, M. (2014, 02 01). Memory Revisited in Julian Barnes's The Sense of an Ending. Retrieved from researchgate.net. The act of revisiting and revising that specific episode, brings with it feelings of guilt and remorse as the protagonist realises that his past acts were not as noble as he remembered them to be. However, these acts are part of the past and they cannot be changed, thus another question that the novel raises is how to account for those actions of which one does not feel proud and, more importantly, how to manage those bad memories as one gets older. At the age of Sixty-five, webster did not expect to find himself in this position because he had interiorised the message that old age was a time of peace and quietness in which one had to wait for the end without making much fuss about it.

51. Learning outcome Suicide is not bad thing. In our story we portrail yourself great, like all positive things, you are strong, like no lose stone in yourself. Karma Theory

52. Short Questions Write a short note on the use of letters and e-mails included in the novel. What were the consequences of Tony’s letter to Adrian and Veronica? Can we say that Sense Of An Ending deals with grave existential questions? How is memory reconstructed in the novel? Short note on the application of Oedipus complex in The Sense Of An Ending.

53. Long Questions How is memory revisited in Julian Barnes’ The Sense Of An Ending? How can we study the text as Memory Novel? Can we classify the text as Confessional Literature? Justify the title of the novel.

54. The List of Citations https://docs.google.com/document/d/1DrdEyaKp-Eo72U66lRMUXRZwiOQz1_HDv6YfNcjiLS4/edit?usp=sharing