THE START OF THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION (HELIOCENTRISM)

THE COPERNICAN REVOLUTION A CHANGE IN THE FIELD OF ASTRONOMY

1. The Beginning
of Modern
Astronomy

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shift in the field of astronomy from a geocentric
understanding of the universe to a heliocentric
understanding
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3. people believed that the Earth
was the center of the universe,
and everything revolved around
our planet.
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4. Scientific Project
Ptolemy placed the Earth at the center of his
geocentric model. Using the data he had,
Ptolemy thought that the universe was a set
of nested spheres surrounding the Earth.
150 CE
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6. POLISH CATHOLIC CLERIC
MATHEMATICIAN AND ASTRONOMER
DE REVOLUTIONIBUS ORBIUM COELESTIUM (
ON THE REVOLUTIONS OF THE HEAVENLY
SPHERES)
COMMENTARIOLUS
1473-1543

7. a superseded astronomical model in
which the Earth and planets revolve
around the Sun at the center of the
universe.
HELIOCENTRIC UNIVERSE

9. EARTH ROTATION CAUSED DAILY MOTION FROM EAST TO WEST
MERCURY AND VENUR WERE INFERIOR PLANETS, WHICH EXPLAINED WHY THEY ARE
ALWAYS NEAR THE SUN.
SUN ANNUAL MOTION ALONG THE ECLIPTICAL WAS CAUSED BY EARTH ORBITAL
MOTION
RETROGRADE WAS A NATURAL PHENOMENON OF ONE PLANET PASSING ANOTHER
PLANET AS THEY ORBITED AROUND THE SUN.

11. AS A FASTER MOVING PLANET OVERTAKES AND PASSES A SLOWER MOVING SUPERIOR
PLANET THE SUPERIOR PLANET APPEARS TO MOVE BACKWARDS AS YOU PASS BY IT.
THE RETROGRADE MOTION IS CAUSED BY THE EARTH'S OWN MOTION AROUND THE SUN.
AS THE EARTH CIRCLES THE SUN, OUR PERSPECTIVE CHANGES, AND THIS CAUSES THE
APPARENT POSITIONS OF OBJECTS TO MOVE FROM SIDE-TO-SIDE IN THE SKY WITH A
ONE-YEAR PERIOD.

13. PTOLEMY’S MODEL HAD WORKED FOR
1500 YEARS
PROVIDED A METHAPOR OF THE EARTH
AND HUMANS LIVING AT THE CENTER OF
GODS CREATION
COPERNICUS DID NOT PROVE THAT THE
EARTH ORBITED THE SUN
COPERNICAN MODEL DID NOT PREDICT
THE POSITIONS OF PLANET ANY BETTER
THAN PTOLEMYS MODEL.

14. IF YOU HAVE TWO COMPETING IDEAS TO EXPLAIN
THE SAME PHENOMENON, YOU SHOULD PREFER THE
SIMPLER ONE.

16. DANISH NOBLE MAN
ASTRONOMER
PROPOSED THEORY OF SOLAR SYSTEM
BUILT AN OBSERVATORY NAMED
“URANIBORG” ON DANISH ISLAND
1546-1601

17. ``ON THE 11TH DAY OF NOVEMBER IN THE EVENING AFTER SUNSET, I WAS
CONTEMPLATING THE STARS IN A CLEAR SKY. I NOTICED THAT A NEW AND
UNUSUAL STAR, SURPASSING THE OTHER STARS IN BRILLIANCY, WAS SHINING
ALMOST DIRECTLY ABOVE MY HEAD; AND SINCE I HAD, FROM BOYHOOD, KNOWN
ALL THE STARS OF THE HEAVENS PERFECTLY, IT WAS QUITE EVIDENT TO ME THAT
THERE HAD NEVER BEEN ANY STAR IN THAT PLACE OF THE SKY, EVEN THE
SMALLEST, TO SAY NOTHING OF A STAR SO CONSPICUOUS AND BRIGHT AS THIS. I
WQS SO ASTONISHED OF THIS SIGHT THAT I WAS NOT ASHAMED TO DOUBT THE
TRUSTWORTHYNESS OF MY OWN EYES. BUT WHEN I OBSERVED THAT OTHERS, ON
HAVING THE PLACE POINTED OUT TO THEM, COULD SEE THAT THERE WAS REALLY A
STAR THERE, I HAD NO FURTHER DOUBTS. A MIRACLE INDEED, ONE THAT HAS NEVER
BEEN PREVOIOUSLY SEEN BEFORE OUR TIME, IN ANY AGE SINCE THE BEGINNING OF
THE WORLD.''

20. GERMAN LUTHERAN THEOLOGIAN AND
MATHEMATICIAN
SUPPORT AND AIM TO PROVE COPERNICAN
MODEL TO BE CORRECT
1571-1630

21. BELIEVE THAT GOD CREATED THE
UNIVERSE USING GEOMETRY
USED THE 5 REGULAR SOLIDS WITH
EQUAL-SIZED FACES TO HOLD UP
THE CELESTIAL SPHERES.