The story of village palampur

This is a PowerPoint Presentation based on Chapter-1, NCERT S.St. (Economics) of Class 9. This describes the whole chapter named "the story of village Palampur". This consists of description of different farm activities, the organization of production, non-farm activities, land, labor, physical capital, dairy farm, small-scale manufacturers, and much more.

1. PRINCE SAINI CLASS- IX ‘A’ SUB- S.S.T TOPIC- The Story of village Palampur (Economics)

2. Farming is the main activity in Palampur, whereas several other activities such as small scale manufacturing, dairy, transport, etc. are carried out on a limited scale. These production activities need various types of resources — natural resources, manmade items, human effort, money, etc. Introduction

3. This village has about 450 families belonging to several different castes. The 80 upper caste families own the majority of land in the village. Their houses, some of them quite large, are made of brick with cement plastering. The SCs (dalits) comprise one third of the population and live in one corner of the village and in much smaller houses some of which are of mud and straw. Introduction

4. Most of the houses have electric connections. Electricity powers all the tube wells in the fields and is used in various types of small business. Palampur has two primary schools and one high school. There is a primary health centre run by the government and one private dispensary where the sick are treated. Introduction

5. Palampur is well developed and connected with neighboring villages and towns like Raiganj and Shahpur. The story of village Palampur is imaginary that will allow us to know about farming well. There are two types of activities in P alampur :- 1) FARM ACTIVITIES 2) NON-FARM ACTIVITIES Introduction

6. Farm Activities

7. Organization of production The first requirement is LAND. The second requirement is LABOUR. The third requirement is PHYSICAL CAPITAL. Physical capital is of 3 types: FIXED CAPITAL WORKING CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL

8. LAND Land – The first requirement is land, and other natural resources such as water, forests, minerals.

9. LABOUR Some activities require fully qualified workers and highly educated workers to perform necessary tasks. Some activities require only workers who have physical capacity. But in every activity labour is vital.

10. PHYSICAL CAPITAL: FIXED CAPITAL Tools, machines and buildings can be used in production over many years, and are called Fixed capital. Tools and machines range from very simple tools such as a farmer’s plough to sophisticated machines. The sophisticated machine include :- Generators Turbines Computers

11. PHYSICAL CAPITAL: WORKING CAPITAL Production requires a variety of raw materials like yarn used by the weaver and clay used by the potter . Also, some money is always required during production to make payments and buy other necessary materials . Raw materials and money in hand are the Working capital as unlike tools, machines and buildings, these are used up in production.

12. PHYSICAL CAPITAL: HUMAN CAPITAL We can also say this the fourth requirement. We will need knowledge and enterprise to be able to put together land, labour and physical capital and produce an output. This these days is called the human capital. So, every production is organized by combining land, labour , physical capital and human capital, which are known as factors of production.

13. Land is fixed…! Farming is main activity in Palampur. 75% of the people are working in field and farmers. But there is constant rise in population ,so the waste land are converted to cultivatable land. Now, There exists no land to convert to cultivatable land.

14. Is there any way to grow more crops on same field ? Yes , if we use modern inputs like HYV seeds Fertilizers Modern farm machinery Pesticides Irrigating using modern facilities by using: 1.Canals 2.Pump sets 3.Electricity 4.Dams

15. Will land Sustain….? Land being natural resource ,it is necessary to be very careful in its use. Scientific reports have stated that modern methods have overused the natural resource. Green revolution is associated with loss of soil fertility due to increased use of chemical fertilizers

16. How is land distributed…? In Palampur, about one third of the 450 families are landless , i.e. 150 families, most of them dalits , have no land for cultivation. Of remaining families who own land, 240 families cultivate less than 2 hectares of land which doesn't give much profit. In Palampur , there are 60 families of medium and large farmers who cultivate more than 2 hectares of land. A few of the large farmers have land extending over 10 hectares or more.

17. Who will provide the labour…? After land, labour is next most necessary factor in agriculuture. Small farmers along their families cultivate their own fields, thus cutting costs of labour. Medium and Large farmers hire farm labour to work on their fields. Farm Laborers come from landless farmers or farmers cultivating small fields.

18. Non-Farm activities

19. Dairy farm Dairy is common activity of people of non farming category. The milk and other dairy products can be sold at neighboring cities and towns at good profit. This is main occupation for people in rainy season in Palampur.

20. Small scale manufacturers At, present less than 50 families are engaged in manufacturing. In Palampur, manufacturing involve very simple production methods and is done on a small scale These are done with help of family members.

21. Shop keepers People involved in trade are not many in Palampur. The traders of Palampur are shop keepers. We can see small general store which sell a whole range of rice, wheat, sugar, tea, oil, biscuits, notebooks, soap, toothpaste, batteries, pens, pencils and even some cloth materials.

22. Transport fast developing sector There are a variety of vehicles in Palampur ranging from traditional vehicles of transport to the modern vehicles. There are rickshaws, tongas, jeeps, tractors, trucks, traditional bullock carts etc. The ferry people carry goods to one place to another. The number of people involved in transport has grown over the last several years.

23. The Farm Gallery

24. Harvester Old model of harvesters Scenes of village Different types of crops

25. Different types of seeds

26. Old way Ploughing modern way

27. Thank you