The Transdermal Drug Delivery System.pdf

Transdermal Drug Delivery System is a part of novel Drug Delivery System. Here drug is administered by transdermal i.e. by topical route. Drug gets absorbed into the blood vessels by penetration through the skin.

1. Transdermal drug
delivery systems
Prepared by-
MS. Monika ware
B.Pharm final year
Directed by-
Ms.bhosle mam

2. Introduction
Anatomy and functions of skin
Advantages of TDDS
Disadvantages of TDDS
Basic components of TDDS
Formulation approaches
Application of TDDS
Contents

3. Introduction
Transdermal drug delivery is a painless method of delivering
drugs sysmatically by applying a drug formulation into intact
and healthy skin
 In 1979 the first transdermal delivery systems called
‘transdermal SCOP’ was approved by FDA
This patch was used for prevention of nausea and vomiting
connected to travelling
Various benefits of this system

4. Anatomy and functions of skin
The skin separate the underlying blood circulation form outside
environment
Human skin consist of three layers
1.Epidermis
2.Dermis
3.Hypodermics
1.Epidermis
It is divided into stratum corneum and stratum germination
Stratum is responsible for barrier function of skin and behaviour as a
primary barrier to percutaneous absorption

5. Dermis
It is made up of network of collegen fiber
This network or gel structure is responsible for the
elastic properties of skin
Subcutaneous
This is a sheet of fat containing tissue know as
superficial fasica

6. Advantages of TDDS
Good patient compliances
Elimination of first pass metabolism
Decreased risk of ADR
Alternate for oral routes
Cost effective
Promote GI compatibility
Withdrawing the treatment at any time is possible
Easy to apply
Alternate for oral intake of drug in case of vomiting and diarrhea

7. Disadvantages of TDDS
Don’t provide long time adherence
Molecular size restriction
Restricted to the drugs causing irritating to skin
Chance of irritancy at the site of administration
Ionic drugs cannot be delivered through this system
Clinical need should be unmistakeable settled
Possibility of an allergic reaction

8. Basic components of TDDS
1. Polymer matrix
A polymer matrix control the release of drug from device
It can be dispersing drug in liquid or solid state synthetic polymer base
It is backbone of TDDS
It should be biocompatible and chemically compatible with the drug
Eg. Natural polymer =gelatin, cellouse
synthetic polymer = Neoprene, polyethylene
2. Memberane
A membrane is basically used to filled a pocket that enclosis
the drug containing matrix
Eg. Ethylene vinyl acetate silicon rubber

9. 3.Drug
Physiochemical properties of drug
Molecular weight of the drug should be less than 1000 Dalton
Drug should have affinity for lipophilic and hydrophilic phases.
 Low melting point
pH of the 4.2 - 5.6 solution in the pH range should be used to avoid skin
damage
Biological property
The drug should be potent with a daily dose
The drugs should be non irritating and non allergic
Those drug which are degrade in git and in activated by first metabolism
are suitable for TDDS
Example. verapamil HCL, captopril etc.

10. 4. Permeation enhancer
These are those agent which basically used to improve TDDS know as sorption
promoters
These enhancer interact which structure components of sc layer & increase the
permeability of sc layer to achieve higher therapeutic response of the drug
They modify the barrier function to increase permeability
Drug permeability through the skin by two ways
1.Polar
2.Non polar
. Eg chemical enhancer
Increase partition coefficient of drug
Promote penetrations & establish the drug reservoir in the sc layer
Physical enhancer
Thermophoresis. Increase temperature
Ultrasound. Disrupt the sc layer
Supersonicator

11. 5. pressure sensitive adhesive
•These are those materials that adhere to a substrate with
The application of light force
•They form interatomic & intermolecular attractive force
At the interface
Eg. Hydrocarbon resin, silicon based
6. Other excipients
•Used for preparing drug reservoir
Solvent. Chloroform, methanol, acetone,isopropanol
•Plasticizers. Eg. Polyethylene glycol
•Release linear. Eg polyethylene
•Backing film. Appearance , protection

12. Application of TDDS
Nicoderm Is a nicotine transdermal patch that is help to stopping
smoking
Estradiol patches in market as Estraderm are used to treat
menopause symptoms and postmenopausal osteoporosis
Nitroglycerin transdermal patch are used in treatment of angina
pectoris as alternative for sublingual pills
Clonidine patches used in treatment of hypertension
Selegiline transdermal patch is used in major depressive disorder

13. Thank you