The verb phrase-3

1. The verb phrase Presented by : Hanan Saleh Al- gomari ID:0765385

2. The verb phrase: The verb phrase may consist of the main verb, and auxiliary verb, plus optional complements , and other modifiers . The material of verb phrase ( VP ) depends on the type or CLASS of verb used.

3. Types or classes of verb:- Transitive Verb. Intransitive Verb. Ditransitive verb. Intensive Verb. Complex- trasitive Verb. Prepositional verb.

4. Rules to remember:- Transitive verb : VP transitive verb + dO dO NP Intransitive verb: VP intransitive verb Ditransitive verb: VP ditransitive verb + iO + dO iO NP dO NP OR ditransitive verb + dO + iO VP NP dO NP iO

5. Complex – transitive verb : VP Complex – transitive verb + dO + oC dO NP oC NP or PP or AP Prepositional verb: VP prepositional verb + pO pO PP

6. Transitive Verb: A verb phrase using a transitive verb normally has to have a direct object to be complete. There are many transitive verbs for example: Kate hugged the baby The dog found a bone The rule : VP transitive verb + dO dO NP

7. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Kate hugged the baby S NP VP N V NP [trans] DET N Kate hugged the baby. P dO S

8. Intransitive verb: By contrast, the intransitive Verb, is a class of verb doesn’t take an object. In fact it requires nothing else to complete the verb phrase. for example: Ken snores. The rule : Transitive verb: VP transitive verb + dO dO NP

9. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Ken snores S NP VP N V [intrans] Ken snores.

10. Ditransitive Verb : Another class of verb is ditransitive . This type of Verb requeires two objects. One of these is the familiar direct object dO , the other an INDIRECT OBJECT or iO for short. for example: Ray told the children a story. The rule : VP ditransitive verb + iO + dO iO NP dO NP OR ditransitive verb + dO + iO VP NP dO NP iO

11. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Ray told the children a story . S NP VP N V NP NP DET N DET N Ray told the children a story. [ ditrans ] S P dO iO

12. Ray told a story to the children . S NP VP N V NP PP DET N P NP DET N Ray told a story to the children. [ ditrans ] dO iO P S

13. Intensive verb: Belong to a small group which include verbs like, be,seem appear, become, look and so on. for example: Sally became a doctor. George is in the garden Sue seems unhappy. The rule : VP intensive verb + sC sC NP or PP or AP

14. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Sally become a doctor. S NP VP N V NP DET N Sally become a doctor. [ intens ]

15. Complex-transitive Verb : A verb that takes a direct object ( dO ) plus an object complement ( oC ). for example: Kate thought John a fool . The rule : VP complex-transitive verb + dO + oC NP dO oC NP or PP or AP

16. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Kate thought John a fool. S NP VP N V NP NP N DET N kate thought John a fool. [Complex] S oC dO P

17. Prepositional Verb: Prepositional verb is one which requires a prepositional phrase in order to be complete. Verbs like glance at, lean on, refer to, fall into this class. for example: sally leant on the table. The rule : VP prepositional verb + pO pO PP

18. The tree diagram for this class of verb is as follows: Sally leant on the table. S NP VP N V PP P NP DET N Sally leant on the table. [Complex] S P pO

19. Imperative Verb. Used to give commands or instructions. e.g. Close the door! S VP V NP [trans] DET N close the door p do

20. Thank you