There has been rise of large scale facto

There has been rise of large scale factory/ industry in India in the later half of nineteenth century. Major Moore, Inspector-in- Chief of the Bombay Cotton Department, in his Report in 1872-73 first of all raised the question for the provision of legislation to regulate the working condition in factories; the first Factories act was enacted in 1881.There has been rise of large scale factory/ industry in India in the later half of nineteenth century. Major Moore, Inspector-in- Chief of the Bombay Cotton Department, in his Report in 1872-73 first of all raised the question for the provision of legislation to regulate the working condition in factories; the first Factories act was enacted in 1881.There has been rise of large scale factory/ industry in India in the later half of nineteenth century. Major Moore, Inspector-in- Chief of the Bombay Cotton Department, in his Report in 1872-73 first of all raised the question for the provision of legislation to regulate the working condition in factories; the first Factories act was enacted in 1881.There has been rise of large scale factory/ industry in India in the later half of nineteenth century. Major Moore, Inspector-in- Chief of the Bombay Cotton Department, in his Report in 1872-73 first of all raised the question for the provision of legislation to regulate the working condition in factories; the first Factories act was enacted in 1881.
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The Factories Act,1948
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There has been rise of large scale factory/ industry in India in the later half of nineteenth century. Major Moore, Inspector-in- Chief of the Bombay Cotton Department, in his Report in 1872-73 first of all raised the question for the provision of legislation to regulate the working condition in factories; the first Factories act was enacted in 1881.

Since then the act has been amended on many occasions. The Factories Act 1934 was passed replacing all the previous legislation in regard to factories. This act was drafted in the light of the recommendations of the Royal Commission on Labour. This Act has also been amended suitably from time to time.

The experience of working of the Factories Act, 1934 had revealed a number of defects and weakness which have hampered effective administration of the Act, and the need for wholesale revision of the act to extend its protective provisions to the large number of smaller industrial establishments was felt.

Therefore, the Factories Act, 1948 consolidating and amending the law relating to labour in factories, was passed by the Constituent Assembly on August 28, 1948. The Act received the assent of Governor General of India on 23 September 1948 and came into force on April 1, 1949.

Objective of Factories Act ,1948
The main objectives of the Indian Factories Act, 1948are to regulate working conditions in factories, to re

1. Factory act 1948

2. Factories Act, 1948

3. INTRODUCTION
TheFactoriesAct1948consolidatingandamendingthelawonworkersatfactories
waspassedbytheConstituentAssemblyonAugust28,1948.Thisactwasapproved
bytheGovernor-GeneralofIndiaon23September1948.Andenteredintoforceon1
April1949.Itwillapplyinanyplantwhere10ormoreworkersareworking.Orhad
workedanydayinthepreceding12months.Andinanypartwherethemanufacturing
iscarriedoutwiththeaidofone.ThebasicaimofIndia’smanufacturing.Theact
regulatesemploymentconditions.Andindustrialproductiontocertifysecuritysafety
andwell-being.EnactaregulationspecifictoEmployees.

4. TheobjectoftheFactoriesActistoregulatetheconditionsofworkinmanufacturing
establishmentscomingwithinthedefinitionoftheterm"factory"asusedintheAct.Thefirst
Act,inIndia,relatingtothesubjectwaspassedin1881.ThiswasfollowedbynewActsin1891,
1911,1922,1934and1948.TheActof1948ismorecomprehensivethanthepreviousActs.It
containsdetailedprovisionsregardingthehealth,safetyandwelfareofworkersinsidefactories,
thehoursofwork,theminimumageofworkers,leavewithpayetc.TheActhasbeenamended
severaltimes.TheActisbasedontheprovisionsoftheFactoriesActofGreatBritainpassedin
1937.In1976theActwasamendedextensively.TheprovisionsoftheAmendmenthavebeen
quotedandsummarizedattheappropriate.
FACTORIES ACT
HISTORY
InIndia,theFactoriesAct,1881wasoriginallyestablishedtofulfillcertainproposals
fortheprotectionofchildrenandforthewell-beingandsafetyofworkers.

5. What is Factory?
“Factory”meansanypremisesincludingtheprecinctsthereof—
(i)whereontenormoreworkersareworking,orwereworkingonanydayofthepreceding
twelvemonths,andinanypartofwhichamanufacturingprocessisbeingcarriedonwiththe
aidofpower,orisordinarilysocarriedon,or
(ii)whereontwentyormoreworkersareworking,orwereworkingonanydayofthepreceding
twelvemonths,andinanypartofwhichamanufacturingprocessisbeingcarriedonwithout
theaidofpower,orisordinarilysocarriedon
but does not include a mine subject to the operation of [the Mines Act, 1952 (35 of 1952)], or [a
mobile unit belonging to the armed forces of the Union, railway running shed or a hotel,
restaurant or eating place].

7. •ChapterI:Preliminary-Sections1to7
•ChapterII:TheInspectingStaff-Sections8to10
•ChapterIII:Health-Sections11to20
•ChapterIV:Safety-Sections21to41
•ChapterIV-A:ProvisionsrelatingtoHazardousProcesses-Sections41Ato41H
•ChapterV:Welfare-Sections42to50
•ChapterVI:WorkingHoursofAdults-Sections51to66
•ChapterVII:EmploymentofYoungPersons-Sections67to77
•ChapterVIII:AnnualLeavewithWages-Sections78to84
•ChapterIX:SpecialProvisions-Sections85to91
•ChapterX:PenaltiesandProcedure-Sections92to106
•ChapterXI:Supplemental-Sections107to120
Total
•Chapters:11
•Sections:1to120(total120sections)

8. HealthMeasures:
Cleanliness:Factoriesmustbekeptcleanandfreefromeffluviaarisingfromanydrain,privy,
orothernuisance.
Ventilation:Adequateventilationforthecirculationoffreshairandpreventionofinhalationof
dustandfumes.
Lighting:Sufficientandsuitablelighting,naturalorartificial,mustbeprovided.
DrinkingWater:Provisionforwholesomedrinkingwateratconvenientplaces.
SafetyMeasures:
FencingofMachinery:Alldangerouspartsofmachinerymustbesecurelyfenced.
WorkonorNearMachineryinMotion:Measurestopreventaccidentsduringcleaningor
maintenanceofmachinery.
PrecautionsagainstFire:Necessaryequipmentandmeasuresforfiresafety.
WelfareProvisions:Facilitiessuchasfirstaidappliances,restrooms,canteens,andwelfare
officers.

9. WorkingHours:
DailyandWeeklyHours:Maximumworkinghoursfixedat9hoursperdayand48hoursperweek.
Overtime:Workersareentitledtoextrawagesforovertimeworkattwicethenormalrate.
IntervalsforRest:Provisionforrestintervalsafterevery5hoursofwork.
EmploymentofYoungPersons:
ProhibitionofEmploymentofYoungChildren:Childrenbelow14yearsareprohibitedfrom
working.
WorkingHoursforAdolescents:Strictregulationsontheworkinghoursforadolescents(14-18
years).

10. WelfareMeasures:
Canteens:Mandatoryprovisionforcanteensinfactoriesemployingmorethan250workers.
Shelters,RestRooms,andLunchRooms:Forworkerswhohavetostayinthefactorypremisesduringtheirbreaks.
Creches:Forfactoriesemployingmorethan30womenworkers,provisionforcrechesforchildrenundertheageof6.
LeavewithWages:
Workersareentitledtoannualleavewithwagesattherateofonedayforevery20daysofworkperformedintheprevious
calendaryear.
ComplianceandEnforcement
Inspectors:TheActappointsinspectorstoensurecompliance.Theyhavetheauthoritytoinspectfactorypremisesand
enforcetheprovisionsoftheAct.
Penalties:Non-compliancewiththeprovisionscanresultinpenalties,includingfinesandimprisonment.

11. The Inspecting Staff:
Inspectors
Certifying Surgeons
SpecialProvisions:
Dangerousoperations
Noticetobegivenofaccidents
Noticeofcertaindiseases
Powertodirectenquiryintocasesofaccidentordisease
Powertotakesamples
Safetyandoccupationalhealthsurveys
Supplemental:
Appeals
Displayofnotices
Serviceofnotices
Returns
Obligationofworkers
Rightofworkers,etc.
Generalpowertomakerules
PowerofCentretogivedirections