Thermal Power Plant PPT

How to work thermal power plant. Define every part of the power plane

1. PRESENTATION ON INDIRA GANDHI THERMAL POWER PLANT JHARLI (JHAJJAR) SUBMITTED To - SUBMITTED BY - Er . JAGPRAVESH PRAMOD (1310260913) EE Dept. B.Tech EE Final Year

2. About plant Aravali Power Company Pvt. Limited (APCPL) is a Joint Venture company of NTPC Limited, Haryana Power Generation Company Limited (HPGCL) and Indraprastha Power Generation Company Ltd (IPGCL). NTPC Limited holds 50% equity stake in the company while HPGCL holds 25% and IPGCL holds the remaining 25%. The company was registered on 21st Dec 2006. The total project cost is 83000 million. The land requirement for project is 2170 acres. A 3x500MW Project located at village Jharli in Jhajjar district of Haryana covering land area of 2191 acre . Power Transmitted 400 KV Double Circuit transmission system to Daulatabad (Haryana ) Mundka (Delhi )

3. Requirement To Establish A Thermal Power Plant Land Requirements Water Fuel Transport Transmission Climatic Conditions Personnel Requirement Disposal Of Effluents

4. Main Part Of Thermal Power Plant Working Principle Technical Layout Of Thermal Power Plant Steam Turbine Generator Boiler Condenser Cooling Tower Economizer Coal Handling Plant Ash Handling Plant Transmission Line Control Room General Layout Of Thermal Power Plant

5. Working Principle The coal is brought and crushed in to fine powder . This is feed to boiler for producing heat. In boiler the water is converted to steam. In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is called super heated steam. The super heated steam rotates the shaft of the HPT. The exhausted steam is sent to pre-heater and steam then rotates the IPT. The steam from the IPT is feed to LPT. The turbine shaft is connected to the generator, which produces electrical power and then transmitted.

6. Technical Layout Of Thermal Power Plant

7. Steam Turbine In a Thermal Power Plant generally three turbines are used to increase the efficiency. HPT – the super heated steam is directly fed to this turbine to rotate it. IPT – the output from the HPT is re-heated in a re-heater (RH) and used to rotate IPT. LPT- the exhausted steam from the IPT is directly fed to rotate the shaft of LPT.

8. Generator Generator or alternator is based upon the principle of electromagnetic induction and consists generally of a stationary part called stator and a rotating part called rotor. The generated voltage will be generally 11 KV, 21 KV & 33KV.

9. Boiler A Boiler essentially is a container into which water can be fed and steam can be taken out at desired pressure, temperature and flow. To convert chemical energy of the fuel into heat energy. Water Tube Boiler – Water circulates through tubes & hot flue gases flow over them. Fire Tube Boiler – Hot flue gases pass through the tubes which are surrounded by water.

10. Condenser The condenser condenses the steam from the exhaust of the turbine into liquid to allow it to be pumped . To provide lowest economic heat rejection temperature for steam. To convert exhaust steam to water for reserve thus saving on feed water requirement. To introduce make up water.

11. Cooling Tower In the cooling tower the hot water coming out from the condenser is fed to the tower on the top and allowed in form of thin sheets or drops . The cooling towers are of four types: - Natural Draft cooling tower Forced Draft cooling tower Induced Draft cooling tower Balanced Draft cooling tower

12. Economizer Economizer is a device which recover the heat from the flue gases on their way to chimney. It increase the 10 to 12 % efficiency of the plant.

13. Coal Handling Plant Firstly coal brought through wagon W agon Tripler – coal un-loaded & transported to primary crusher through conveyor. Primary Crusher – crushed int0 small pieces of 45 mm size. Secondary Crusher - crushed int0 small pieces of 25 mm size . Mill Bunker – in this 25 mm coal crushed into the fine powder & for feeding in the boiler draft fan used

14. Ash Handling Plant Ash handling is a major problem. Manual handling -The ash is collected directly through the ash outlet door from the boiler into the container from manually. Mechanical handling - Mechanical equipment is used for ash disposal, mainly bucket elevator, belt conveyer. Electrostatic precipitator - From air preheater this flue gases (mixed with ash) goes to ESP . The dust particles are ionized and attracted by charged electrodes. The electrodes are maintained at 60KV.

15. Transmission Line Transmission lines are required for transmitting power from generating stations to the load centers. The important components of the transmission line are- Conductor and Accessories Supporting Structure and Accessories Insulators and Hardware’s Earth Wire and Accessories Double Circuit Transmission line

16. Control Room A control room's purpose is production control. In control room shows the reading of all equipment which are installed in plants (like temp. sensor, pressure sensor etc.) and PLC or SCADA are used in control room by this we can find out where the fault occurred .

17. A dvantages of coal based thermal Power Plant Thermal power plant can respond to rapidly changing loads without difficulty. Steam engines and turbines can work under 25 % of overload continuously. Land required less than hydro power plant . The are easier maintenance. Cheaper in production cost in comparison with that of diesel power stations .

18. Maintenance and operating costs are high. Long time required for erection and putting into   action. A large quantity of water is required. Great difficulty experienced in coal handling. Presence of troubles due to smoke and heat in the plant. Unavailability of good quality coal. Maximum of  heat  energy lost. Problem of ash removing . Disadvantages of coal based thermal Power Plant

19. IGSTPP Thermal Power Plant at Jhajjar Picture Gallery