Three dimensional aids

Three dimensional aids are used to provide students with a means of observing reality out of its natural setting

1. Three Dimensional Aids Presented By: Mr. Ganesh V. Naik II Year MSc ( N) Dept. of Pediatrics

2. Introduction Three dimensional aids serve as good substitute for the real objects. Three dimensional aids are used to provide students with a means of observing reality out of its natural setting

3. Three Dimensional Aids Objects Specimens Models Puppets Moulage Mock-ups Dioramas

4. Objects Meaning Objects are real things and their use for classroom teaching imparts a direct learning experience to students.

5. Objects

6. Cont… Advantages: They arouse students interest in learning As they being real and three dimensional things, heightens the senses of reality in the classroom. They make classroom teaching lively Disadvantages: Needs much time to prepare Getting real object is expensive Not applicable for all topics

7. Specimens Meaning: Specimens are real objects taken from natural setting. It is simple that shows quality or structure eg . Section of lung

8. Specimens

9. Cont… Advantages: They arouse students interest in learning They involve all the five senses in the process of learning. As they being real, and three dimensional things, heightens reality in the classroom. They make classroom teaching lively. Disadvantages Needs much time to prepare Getting real specimen is expensive

10. Models Meaning A model is recognizable representation of real thing three dimensionally, i,.e . height , width and depth. They are substitute for real things. Models are concrete objects made up of clay, cotton, cardboard, thermocoal , cloth, wood etc.

11. Cont… Types of model : Scale model eg . Dam or project Simplified models eg . Animal, birds, fish Cross sectional models eg . Cross section of blood vessels, kidneys Working model eg . Fetal circulation

12. Scale Model

13. Cross sectional models

14. Working models of heart

15. Simplified model

16. Cont… Advantages: It simplifies reality and learning makes direct and meaningful. Concretizes the abstract concepts Enable us to reduce or enlarge objects to observable size. A working model explains the various processes of objects and machines Disadvantages Needs much time to prepare. Not applicable for all topics

17. Puppets Introduction One of the old and popular indian folk arts has been puppetry. In writing or selecting a puppet play the age, background and taste of the clients should be taken into consideration. A short puppet play is always preferable.

18. Types Hand puppets- which fit in hand like gloves and are operated from below by fingers Shadow puppets- These are silihouttes of cardboard which produce shadows on a white screen. Stick puppets – These are the painted cardboard cut outs attached by sticks. String puppets- Figures with movable limbs are operated through strings.

19. Hand puppets

20. Shadow puppets

21. Stick puppets

22. String puppets

23. Cont…. Advantages: It develops cooperation among children. It capture attention It develops communication skills Children develop their imagination Disadvantages: It cannot used for larger groups Consumes time in preparation Costumes required

24. Moulage Moulage can be made of plastic material to stimulate some life objects eg . Body which shows evidence of trauma, infection, disease and surgical intervention

25. Moulage

26. Mock-ups Devices which are imitations of real things without involving similarity of appearance . Eg . An artificial kidney to demonstrate dialysis

27. Mock-ups

28. Diorams It is 3 dimensional dimensional arrangement of related objects, models to illustrate the central theme or the concept The object and models are generally placed in a big box or showcase with a glass which can be artificially lighted The human and animal figures should modeled in clay to provide solidity. Example: Stage diorama in religious festivals like Ganapathy , Navarathri

29. Diorams

30. Acquarium

31. Thank You