TOPIC 13 (GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE) a topic on Earth and Life Science

slide decks on the topic Geologic time scale

1. EARTH & LIFE SCIENCE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE

2. Competency: Describe how the Earth’s history can be interpreted from the geologic time scale (S11/12ES-Ie-29)

3. Questions: How old do you think the Earth is? What major events do you think have occurred in Earth’s history?

4. Create KWL Chart (Know, What to Know, Learned) on Geologic Time Scale

5. ACTIVITY Timeline of Earth’s History

6. Geologic Time Scale (GTS) is a chronologic schema relating to the stratigraphy of time which is used by geologist, paleontologist and other scientist to describe the timing and relationship between events that occurred during the long history of the Earth.

7. Geologic Time general reference to long time span that predates human records.

8. Earth’s 4.6 billions of rich history is divided into different time spans to conveniently indicate the four major events geologically or paleontologically

9. Age (tens of millions of years) Epoch (tens of millions of years) Period (tens of millions of years) Era (several hundred million of years) Eon (half a billion years or more)

10. Precambrian Occurred a huge bulk of Earth’s history. About 88% or roughly 4.1 billion years broken into Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic

11. Precambrian Occurred a huge bulk of Earth’s history. About 88% or roughly 4.1 billion years broken into Hadean, Archean and Proterozoic

12. Hadean considered as a chaotic eon mainly due to the meteorites that constantly hit Earth, causing most severe volcanic activities

13. Hadean atmosphere and ocean were formed and the core, the crust was also stabilized. The Hadean is coming from the word hades, which means “hell”

14. Archean it is characterized by the period of Earth became warm, but the atmosphere contains only methane and only few to no oxygen.

15. Archean Most of the earth was still covered with water atmosphere was orange because of the abundance of methane.

16. Proterozoic this characterizes when the atmosphere began to have oxygen, eukaryotes spreads, multicellular animals appears, and the continents began to drift away

17. Paleozoic Era (Early Life) This marks the formation of the formation of supercontinent, Pangaea. In the middle of Paleozoic era, marine life forms had developed shells.

18. Paleozoic Era (Early Life) In Devonian period, animals began to inhale air as amphibians came out in the sea. Plants, such as marsh plants and giant ferns, also began to grow and develop during this period.

19. Paleozoic Era (Early Life) In the late Paleozoic era reptiles started to appear. They are seemed looked much their amphibian ancestors, but they were different in terms that they were able to lay their eggs on land.

20. Mesozoic Era (Middle Life) This era was marked by the breakup of the major landmasses. North America began to part from Europe and South America, and Africa began to separate from Australia, New Zealand, and India.

21. Mesozoic Era (Middle Life) This era is also known as the age of the reptiles because big dinosaurs flourished during this era

22. Cenozoic Era (Late Life) Periods of ice age played a role of formation of vast geological features on Earth today

23. Cenozoic Era (Late Life) Volcanic activities became widespread, forming immeasurable flows of lava and basalt

24. Cenozoic Era (Late Life) Warm blooded animals, such as marsupials, and primitive mammals journeyed the land

25. Cenozoic Era (Late Life) It was the during this period humans begin to left their marks on the land, as scientist observed in the stone tools that were used.

26. How scientists use fossil records, rock layers, and radiometric dating to establish the Geologic Time Scale

27. Paleontologist and geologist usually present the geologic time scale in vertical manner. The arrangement is derived from the vertical succession of rock strata of Earth.

28. Once they have obtained the numerical age, they can be integrating it with vertical time to create geologic time scale. Scientist often interested in the ages in the boundaries between different eras, periods, and epochs because these often mark important events in Earth’s history

29. As geologist collects new fossils evidence, these boundary dates shift and geologist improve the numerical dates. • The combined relative or absolute time scale is in fact constantly revised to create a precise presentation of the history of the Earth.

30. EVALUATION

31. 1. Which of the following is the longest division of geologic time? A) Epoch B) Era C) Period D) Eon Answer: D

32. 2. Which eon represents the time when life first appeared on Earth? A) Phanerozoic B) Hadean C) Archean D) Proterozoi Answer: C

33. 3. Which era is known as the “Age of Reptiles”? A) Cenozoic B) Mesozoic C) Paleozoic D) Proterozoic Answer: B

34. 4. The Cenozoic era is often referred to as the "Age of _____." A) Dinosaurs B) Mammals C) Amphibians D) Fish Answer : B

35. 5. What is the significance of stratified rock layers in geology? A) They are primarily formed by igneous activity. B) They provide insights into the Earth's weather patterns. C) They help in understanding the Earth's history. D) They are unrelated to the study of fossils. Answer: C