Training personal protective equipment PPE in power point.pptx

Training personal protective equipment PPE in power point

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

2. 2 NAME : Razak Bin Majid POSITION : Trainer EDUCATION : Executive Master SHE from UNISEL H/P : 019-4944324 EMAIL : [email protected] Competency: SHO Registered Person (8408) Train The Trainer (NIOSH & HRDF) Train The Trainer (BOFA) Authorize Gas Tester (DOSH) Scaffolder (DOSH) Lifting Supervisor Ergonomic Trainer Profile

3. I n c a s e of EMERGENCY P le a s e u s e n e a r es t e x i t t o t h e assembly area P le a s e d o n o t r u n P le a s e d o n o t u s e t h e ele v a t or Use t h e n e a r es t s t a i r c a se Safety Briefing 3

4. FACILITIES W A S H R OO M ( E VE R Y F L OO R ) S U R A U ( F I RS T FL OO R) CAFETERIA S M OK I N G ( G R O U N D F L OO R ) REMINDER S I L E N C E H A N D - P H O N E D U R I N G T R A I N I N G S E SS I O N Important Things 4

5. Peruntukan Perundangan

6. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 15:General duties of employers and self-employed persons to their employees ./ Seksyen 15 Akta Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994. (1) It shall be the duty of every employer and every self-employed person to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees / Memastikan keselamatan , kesihatan dan kebajikan semua pekerjanya . Question 1) What means so far as is practicable / Apakah yang dimaksud setakat yang pratik ?

7. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 “ practicable” means practicable having regard to/ " boleh dipraktikkan" ertinya boleh dipraktikkan dengan mengambil kira (a) the severity of the hazard or risk in question/ teruknya bahaya atau risiko yang terlibat (b) the state of knowledge about the hazard or risk and any way of removing or mitigating the hazard or risk/ keadaan pengetahuan mengenai bahaya atau risiko itu dan apa-apa cara untuk menghapuskan atau mengurangkan bahaya atau risiko itu . (c) the availability and suitability of ways to remove or mitigate the hazard or risk/ ada tidaknya dan kesesuaian cara untuk menghapuskan atau mengurangkan bahaya dan risiko tersebut. (d) the cost of removing or mitigating the hazard or risk/ kos untuk menghapuskan atau mengurangkan bahaya atau risiko itu

8. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 24 General duties of employees at work./ Sek 24: Kewajipan am pekerja yang sedang bekerja. (1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work/ Adalah menjadi kewajipan tiap-tiap pekerja yang sedang bekerja: to take reasonable care for the safety and health of himself and of other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at work/ untuk memberikan perhatian yang munasabah bagi keselamatan dan kesihatan dirinya dan orang lain yang mungkin terjejas oleh tindakan atau peninggalannya semasa bekerja Not blocking emergency door Not parking forklift at prohibited area Make a modification without get approval Create risk to other

9. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 24 General duties of employees at work./ Sek 24: Kewajipan am pekerja yang sedang bekerja. (1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work/ Adalah menjadi kewajipan tiap-tiap pekerja yang sedang bekerja: (b) to co-operate with his employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty or requirement imposed on the employer or that other person by this Act or any regulation made there under/ untuk bekerjasama dengan majikannya atau mana-mana orang lain dalam menunaikan apa-apa kewajipan atau kehendak yang dikenakan ke atas majikan atau orang lain itu melalui Akta ini atau mana-mana peraturan yang dibuat di bawahnya Attend program Give cooperation during audit and inspection Give feedback when ask by employer

10. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 24 General duties of employees at work./ Sek 24: Kewajipan am pekerja yang sedang bekerja. (1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work/ Adalah menjadi kewajipan tiap-tiap pekerja yang sedang bekerja: (c) to wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing provided by the employer for the purpose of preventing risks to his safety and health./ untuk memakai atau menggunakan pada sepanjang masa apa-apa kelengkapan atau pakaian perlindungan yang diadakan oleh majikan bagi maksud mengegah apa-apa risiko kepada keselamatan dan kesihatannya. Comply on PPE requirement Change if not in good condition Ask if not sure For forklift minimum safety helmet and safety shoe required .

11. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 24 General duties of employees at work./ Sek 24: Kewajipan am pekerja yang sedang bekerja. (1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work/ Adalah menjadi kewajipan tiap-tiap pekerja yang sedang bekerja: (d) to comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health instituted by his employer or any other person by or under this Act or any regulation made there under/ untuk mematuhi apa-apa arahan atau langkah tentang keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan yang diperkenalkan oleh majikannya atau mana-mana orang lain melalui atau di bawah Akta ini atau mana-mana peraturan yang dibuat di bawahnya. Guideline ICOP Order

12. AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN 1994 Sec 24 General duties of employees at work./ Sek 24: Kewajipan am pekerja yang sedang bekerja (2) A person who contravenes the provisions of this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not-exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or to both./ Seseorang yang melanggar peruntukan seksyen ini adalah melakukan suatu kesalahan dan, apabila disabitkan, boleh didenda tidak melebihi satu ribu ringgit atau dipenjarakan selama tempoh tidak melebihi tiga bulan atau kedua-duanya

13. Learning Outcomes Learning Objective: Upon completion of this unit the participants will be able to identify the need for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Learner Outcomes: You will be able to: Identify the requirements for PPE. Develop a hazard assessment program as it pertains to PPE. Evaluate a variety of PPE devices and determine the types of equipment necessary for your workplace. Understand the training requirements for your workers on proper usage of PPE

14. Introduction: Hazards exist in every work place and in many different forms: sharp edges falling objects flying sparks chemicals noise other potentially dangerous situations OSHA requires employers to protect their employees from workplace hazards that can cause injury or illness.

15. What is PPE? Is the equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses may result from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards. Example: Gloves, safety glasses and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard hats, respirators, or coveralls, vests and full body suits.

16. HAZARD CONTROL HIERARCHY ELIMINATION SUBSTITUTION / ISOLATION ENGINEERING CONTROL AD M INI S T R A TIVE C ONT R OL PPE’S

17. Protecting Employees from Workplace Hazards  Employers must protect employees from workplace hazards and dangerous work procedures that can cause injury, illness and fatalities.  Employers must: Use all feasible engineering and work practice controls to eliminate and reduce hazards Then us e app r op r ia t e P P E if thes e c o nt r ols d o not eliminate hazards. Remember: PPE is the last control --

18. Hazard Assessment: Developing a comprehensive safety and health program Identify physical and health hazards in the workplace. Conduct a walk-through survey of the facility to assess the potential hazards. Organize and analyze the data so that it may be efficiently used in determining the proper types of PPE required at the worksite.

19. What is a risk assessment? A risk assessment process aims to remove fall hazards or reduce the level of their risk by adding precautions to keep you and others safe. The process is: Identify fall hazards. Evaluate the risk associated with any hazards. Determine appropriate ways to eliminate or control the hazard. By controlling the risks, you have created a safer work environment for you and others.

20. The workplace should be periodically reassessed when: Conditions change Equipment or operating procedures change Injury and illness records are reviewed to identify any trends influencing suitability of existing PPE Monitoring PPE for condition and age Required documentation of the hazard assessment includes the following information: Identification of the workplace evaluated Name of the person conducting the assessment Date of the assessment Identification of the document certifying completion of the hazard assessment

21. Ways to Reduce or Eliminate Hazards Engineering Controls Preferred method Eliminate or reduce the exposure by redesigning the procedure or task, new piece of equipment can eliminate hazard Administrative Controls Eliminate or reduce the exposure by changing work place policy Job rotations, varied hours PPE Least preferred method

22. Engineering Controls If . . . The machine or work environment can be physically changed to prevent employee exposure to the potential hazard, Then . . . The hazard can be eliminated with an engineering control.

23. WHY PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT NEED TO PROVIDED Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be provided when necessary by reason of hazards encountered that are capable of causing injury or impairment PPE is not a substitute for engineering, work practice, and/or administrative controls PPE creates barrier between hazard and route of entry Use of PPE does not eliminate the hazard so if the equipment fails then exposure occurs

24. Source of Photos: OSHA Hierarchy of Controls PPE controls: Requires worker to wear something Examples

25. Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA 1994), Section 15 GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS 15. General duties of employers and self-employed persons to their employees. (1) It shall be the duty of every employer and every self-employed person to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety, health and welfare at work of all his employees. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), the matters to which the duty extends include in particular- (a) the provision and maintenance of plant and systems of work that are, so far as is practicable, safe and without risks to health; (b) the making of arrangements for ensuring, so far as is practicable, safety and absence of risks to health in connection with the use or operation, handling, storage and transport of plant and substances;

26. Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA 1994), Section 15 (c) the provision of such information, instruction training and supervision as is necessary to ensure, so far as is practicable, the safety and health at work of his employees; (d) so far as is practicable, as regards any place of work under the control of the employer or self-employed person, the maintenance of it in a condition that is safe and without risks to health and the provision and maintenance of the means of access to and egress from it that are safe and without such risks; (e) the provision and maintenance of a working environment for his employees that is, so far as is practicable, safe, without risks to health, and adequate as regards facilities for their welfare at work.

27. What Employers' Responsibility Performing a "hazard assessment" of the workplace to identify and control physical and health hazards Identifying and providing appropriate PPE for employees Training employees in the use and care of the PPE Maintaining PPE, including replacing worn or damaged PPE Periodically reviewing, updating and evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE program

28. Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA 1994), Section 24 GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES 24. General duties of employees at work. (1) It shall be the duty of every employee while at work- (a) to take reasonable care for the safety and health of himself and of other persons who may be affected by his acts or omissions at work; (b) to co-operate with his employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty or requirement imposed on the employer or that other person by this Act or any regulation made there under; (c) to wear or use at all times any protective equipment or clothing provided by the employer for the purpose of preventing risks to his safety and health; and (d) to comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health instituted by his employer or any other person by or under this Act or any regulation made thereunder. (2) A person who contravenes the provisions of this section shall be guilty of an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not-exceeding one thousand ringgit or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or to both.

29. Employees' Responsibility: Properly wear PPE Attend training sessions on PPE Care for, clean and maintain PPE Inform a supervisor of the need to repair or replace PPE

30. Factories and Machineries Act (FMA 1967), Section 24 24. Personal protective clothing and appliances. Where in any factory persons are exposed to a wet or dusty process, to noise, to heat or to any poisonous, corrosive or other injurious substance which is liable to cause bodily injury to those persons the Minister may prescribe the provision and maintenance for use of those persons suitable and adequate personal protective clothing and appliances including where necessary goggles, gloves, leggings, caps, foot-wear and protective ointment or lotion

31. Employer Responsibilities Assessment Employers are required to conduct an assessment to determine the various hazards that may be present at the workplace - Different types of hazards include: Physical Chemical Electrical Mechanical Biological Health Hazards

32. PPE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS When is PPE necessary What PPE is necessary How to properly don e , adjust and wear PPE The limitations of PPE The proper care & maintenance of PPE Assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present Select and provide appropriate PPE that fits each affected employees. Train employees on how to use PPE correctly

33. Employee Responsibilities  To attend all PPE training sessions  To use appropriate PPE on the job  Follow ALL Warnings and Precautions  Listen and Follow Directions  Maintain asigned PPE in healthy condition  Report any and ALL unsafe conditions you may find in your work area.

34. Is This An Appropriate Hard Hat?

35. Is This An Appropriate Respirator?

36. Is This an Appropriate Welder’s Mask?

37. Is This an Appropriate Scaffolding?

38. TYPES OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS HEAD PROTECTION EYE PROTECTION EAR PROTECTION RESPIRATORY PROTECTION FACE PROTECTION HAND PROTECTION BODY PROTECTION LEG PROTECTION

39. PPE Selection Should be of safe design and construction Should be maintained in a clean and reliable fashion Fit and comfort should be taken into consideration when selecting Make sure PPE types are compatible if worn together Must meet standards developed by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) It is a good idea to select PPE that will provide a level of protection greater than the minimum required to protect employees from hazards.

40. Evaluation and documentation: The employee must demonstrate an understanding of the PPE training and the ability to properly wear and use the PPE before they are allowed to perform work requiring the use of the PPE. Employers must document the training of each employee that is required to wear PPE with the following information Name of employee Date trained Subject of the training Name and qualifications of the trainer

41. Types of PPE: Head Eye and face Ears Lungs Hand and arm Foot and leg Flying particles Liquid chemicals Acids or caustic liquids Chemical gases or vapors Potentially infected material Potentially harmful light radiation

42. HEAD PROTE C TION Injuries to the head could involve your: brain eyes nose mouth For this reas o n , head prot e ct i on a n d sa f e t y are very important

43. POTENTIAL HAZARDS - accidents result in shocks and burns - falling or flying objects cause sprains, fractures, and concussions -materials can irritate and burn eyes and skin Electrical Shocks Head Impact Splashes, Spills & Drips

44. Head Protection Types of Head PPE  Hard hats A rigid shell that resists and deflects blows to the head A suspension system inside the hat that acts as a shock absorber Some hats serve as an insulator against electrical shocks Some hard hats can be modified so you can add face shields, goggles, hoods, or hearing protection to them

45. Source of graphics: OSHA Types of Safety Helmet Classes of hard hats: Class A Hard Hats protect against impact, penetration and low-voltage electrical conductors. Class B Hard Hats: protect against impact, penetration and high-voltage electrical conductors. Sample : shells are proof-tested at 20,000 volts. Class C Hard Hats: protect against impact and penetration only. Class E (Electrical) Hard Hats protection up to 20,000 volts (phase to ground). Class G (General) Hard Hats protection up to 2,200 volts (phase to ground).

46. Head Protection Hard hats must be worn in areas around or where there is a potential for falling objects. Hard hats must also be worn where there are low-hanging obstructions. Helmets designed to reduce electrical shock hazards must be worn when your head is exposed to electricity Some tasks require both head & face protection.

47. Periodic cleaning and inspection will extend the useful life of protective headgear A daily inspection of the hard hat shell, suspension system and other accessories for holes, cracks, tears or other damage that might compromise the protective value of the hat is essential Paints, paint thinners and some cleaning agents can weaken the shells of hard hats and may eliminate electrical resistance Consult the helmet manufacturer for information on the effects of paint and cleaning materials on their hard hats

48. Con’t Never drill holes, paint or apply labels to protective headgear as this may reduce the integrity of the protection Do not store protective headgear in direct sunlight, such as on the rear window shelf of a car, since sunlight and extreme heat can damage them Stickers are not typically allowed on hats as they prohibit a thorough inspection for cracks and defects.

49. Hard hats with any of the following defects should be removed from service and replaced: Perforation, cracking, or deformity of the brim or shell Indication of exposure of the brim or shell to heat, chemicals or ultraviolet light and other radiation Always replace a hard hat if it sustains an impact, even if damage is not noticeable Suspension systems are offered as replacement parts and should be replaced when damaged or when excessive wear is noticed. It is not necessary to replace the entire hard hat.

50. Eye and Face Protection Why Eye and Face Protection is Important?? Thousands of people are blinded each year from work related eye injuries. Injuries that could have been prevented, if only people would have used eye or face protection.

51. Types of PPE Eye and face protection: Source of images: OSHA

52. Eye and Face Protection Types of eye/face hazards Impact Heat Chemicals - Liquid chemicals - Chemical gases or vapors Potentially infected material Dust Light and/or Radiation Flying particles

53. Eye and Face Protection Potential Incidences of Eye/Face Hazards Object Striking Eyes Dusts, Powders, Fumes, and Mists Operations such as grinding, chiseling, sanding, hammering, and spraying can create small airborne particles Contact with Chemicals Toxic Gases, Vapors, and Liquids Toxic chemicals in the form of gases, vapors, and liquids can damage your eyes. Always read the appropriate MSDS before working with any hazardous material.

54. Eye and Face Protection Potential Incidences of Eye/Face Hazards Swinging Objects Large objects such as: swinging chains, cables and ropes; tools that are thrown or fall; Thermal and Radiation Hazards Operations such as welding, metal cutting, and working around furnaces can expose your eyes to heat, glare, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation

55. Eye and Face Protection Safety Glasses much stronger and more resistant to impact and heat than regular glasses E qu i pped w i t h s i d e sh ie l d s tha t g i v e y ou p r o t e c ti o n f r o m hazards that may not be directly in front of you Safety glasses should be approved to meet standards Should fit comfortable on face through all job tasks. Ensure that glasses are not too big or too tight Limitation  Does not seal around eyes, could allow small droplets to come in contact with eyes Types of Eye and Face Personal Protective Equipment

56. Eye and Face Protection Goggles surround the eye area, they give you more protection in situations where you might encounter splashing liquids, fumes, vapors, powders, dusts, and mists must indicate that they are chemical splash goggles to be worn for that purpose Limitation  Uncomfortable to wear with other head gear like helmet, ear muffs or respirator

57. Types of PPE Goggle types Direct-ventilated Source: OSHA.gov Indirect-ventilated Non-ventilated Does not allow the passage of air into the goggle Prevents splash entry May fog and require frequent lens cleaning Prevents fogging by allowing air circulation Protects against liquid or chemical splash entry Resist direct passage of large particles into the goggle Prevents fogging by allowing air circulation

58. Safety goggles are used as primary protection to shield the eyes from heat hazards. Goggles form a protective seal around the eyes, preventing objects or liquids from entering under or around the goggles. This is especially important when working with or around m o l t e n m et a l s t h at ma y s p l a s h . When employees are exposed to high temperatures, additional protection beyond that offered by primary protectors may be required. Use safety goggles in combination with a heat-reflective face shield for severe temperatures exposure. Consider specific lens, frame, and ventilation options when selecting safety goggles . Ventilated goggles allow air circulation while providing protection against airborne particles, dust, liquids, or light Goggel keselamatan digunakan sebagai perlindungan utama untuk melindungi mata dari bahaya panas. Goggle membentuk meterai perlindungan di sekeliling mata, menghalang objek atau cecair daripada memasuki di bawah atau di sekitar gogal. Ini amat penting apabila bekerja dengan atau di sekitar logam cair yang boleh memercik. Goggle ventilasi membolehkan peredaran udara memberi perlindungan terhadap zarah, debu, cecair, atau cahaya udara

59. Eye and Face Protection Face Shields full face protection used around operations which expose you to molten metal, chemical splashes, or flying particles Can be used simultaneously as a hard hat Limitations Are not considered eye protection, will need to wear goggles or glasses underneath Can fog up if working in poorly ventilated area

60. Source of photos: OSHA Welding shields Protect eyes from burns caused by: Infared light Intense radiant light Protect eyes and face from flying sparks, metal spatter, and slag chips Types of PPE

61. Eye and Face Protection Face shield used by an employee working with molten metal The molten metal bubbled and burst onto the face shield of the employee The employee did not receive any injuries from the incident

62. Source: OSHA Common causes of eye injuries Chemical splashes Blood or OPIM splashes or sprays Intense light Dust and other flying particles Molten metal splashes Types of PPE

63. Eye and Face Protection  Welding Helmets P rovide both face and eye protection use special absorptive lenses that filter the intense light and radiant energy that is produced during welding operations

64. Prescription lenses Regular prescription corrective lenses do not provide adequate protection against workplace hazards. PPE may incorporate the prescription into the design Employees may wear additional eye protection over prescription lenses Protective eyewear should not disturb the proper positioning of the prescription lenses or interfere with the employee's vision Individuals with contact lenses must wear eye or face PPE when working in hazardous conditions

65. HEARING PROTECTION Damage to the delicate structures in your ear can cause one of two types of hearing loss: CONDUCTIVE - blocks transmission of sound to inner ear - medical/surgical treatment available for most SENSORINEURAL - involves organ of Corti and auditory nerve - almost always irreversible Most hearing loss in the workplace is sensorineural.

66. Exposure Hours per Day Sound Level in dBA 8 82 6 92 4 95 3 97 2 100 1 1/2 102 1 105 1/2 110 ¼ or less 115 47

67. Exposure to noise levels over 82 dB can cause hearing loss Hearing protection required at 90 dB Implement effective Hearing Conservation Program Source: OSHA Types of PPE

68. Hearing protectors Hearing protectors reduce the ambient noise that gets through to the ears. Hearing protectors worn by employees must reduce an employee's noise exposure to within the acceptable limits. Manufacturers of hearing protection devices must display the device's noise reduction rating (NRR) on the product packaging. If exposed to occupational noise at or above 82 dB averaged over an eight-hour period, the employer is required to have a hearing conservation program that includes regular testing of employees' hearing by qualified professionals.

69. TYPE OF HEARING PROTECTION Required when employees are in areas where there is exposure to excessive noise levels (8 hour TWA > 85 dbA) Recommended for use in high noise areas and for use with high noise operations Must have appropriate NR (muffs do not always provide more protection)

70. Hearing Protection Determining the need to provide hearing protection for employees can be challenging. Employee exposure to excessive noise depends upon a number of factors, including: The loudness of the noise as measured in decibels (dB) The duration of each employee's exposure to the noise Whether employees move between work areas with different noise levels Whether noise is generated from one or multiple sources

71. Hand Protection Why is Hand Protection Important?  It has been estimated that almost 20% of all disabling accidents on the job involve the hands  Without your fingers or hands, your ability to work would be greatly reduced

72. Hand and Arm Protection Potential hazards include skin absorption of harmful substances chemical or thermal burns electrical dangers bruises abrasions cuts punctures fractures amputations Protective equipment includes gloves, finger guards and arm coverings or elbow-length gloves.

73. POTENTIAL HAZARDS Traumatic Injuries Contact Injuries Repetitive Motion - cuts, punctures, sprains or crushing from equipment - contact with toxic chemicals, biological substances, electrical sources, extreme temperatures - same hand movement over extended time periods

74. Source of photos: OSHA Anti-vibration Heat-resistant Leather Palm C u t - r e s i s t a n t Permeation-resistant Chemical-resistant Types of gloves Types of PPE

75. Type Of Hand Protection Gloves Metal mesh gloves resist sharp edges and prevent cuts Leather gloves shield your hands from rough surfaces Vinyl and neoprene gloves protect your hands against toxic chemicals Rubber gloves protect you when working around electricity

76. Types of protective gloves There are many types of gloves available that protect against a wide variety of hazards. The nature of the hazard and the operation involved will affect the selection of gloves. It is essential to use gloves specifically designed for the hazards and tasks in the work place. For chemical handling refer to the SDSs under PPE. The following are examples of some factors that may influence the selection of protective gloves for a workplace:

77. Cont. Type of chemicals handled Nature of contact (total immersion, splash, etc.) Duration of contact Area requiring protection (hand only, forearm, arm) Grip requirements (dry, wet, oily) Thermal protection Size and comfort Abrasion/resistance requirements

78. Care of protective gloves Inspect before each use to ensure that they are not torn, punctured or made ineffective in any way. Fill the gloves with water and tightly rolling the cuff towards the fingers will help reveal any pinhole leaks. Gloves that are discolored or stiff may also indicate deficiencies caused by excessive use or degradation from chemical exposure.

79. Foot Protection Why is Foot Protection Important ?  The human foot is rigid enough to support the weight of your entire body, and yet flexible enough to allow you to run, dance, play sports, and to take you anywhere you want to go. Without your feet and toes, your ability to work at your job would be greatly reduced.

80. Foot and leg protection: Causes of foot injuries: Falling or rolling of heavy objects Crushing or penetrating materials Sharp objects that can penetrate the sole Exposure to molten metal Working on, or around, hot, wet, or slippery surfaces Working when electrical hazards are present. Source: OSHA Types of PPE

81. Foot Protection Workers at risk of possible foot or leg injuries from falling, rolling objects, crushing or penetrating materials should wear protective footwear. Examples of situations in which an employee should wear foot and/or leg protection include: When heavy objects such as barrels or tools might roll onto or fall on the employee's feet Working with sharp objects such as nails or spikes that could pierce the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes Working on or around hot, wet or slippery surfaces Working when electrical hazards are present

82. Impact Injuries Spills & Splashes Compression Injuries Electrical Shocks Slipping Heat/Cold

83. Foot Protection Types of Foot PPE Safety Shoes and Boots Steel toe footwear protects your toes from falling objects and from being crushed Metatarsal footwear special guards that run from your ankle to your toes and protect your entire foot Reinforced sole footwear metal reinforcement that protects your foot from punctures Latex/Rubber footwear resists chemicals and provides extra traction on slippery surfaces

84. Foot Protection Type of Foot PPE Safety Shoes and Boots PVC footwear protects your feet against moisture and improves traction Butyl footwear protects against most ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, acids, salts, and alkalies Vinyl footwear resists solvents, acids, alkalies, salts, water, grease, and blood Nitrile footwear resists animal fats, oils, and chemicals

85. Foot Protection Types of Foot PPE Safety Shoes and Boots Electrostatic dissipating footwear conducts static electricity to floors that are grounded Electrical hazard footwear insulated with tough rubber to prevent shocks and burns from electricity

86. Leggings: Protect the lower legs and feet from heat hazards like welding sparks. Safety snaps allow leggings to be removed quickly. Metatarsal Guards: Protect the instep area from impact and compression. Made of aluminum, steel, fiber or plastic, these guards may be strapped to the outside of shoes.

87. Toe Guards: Fit over the toes of regular shoes to protect the toes from impact and compression hazards. They may be made of steel, aluminum or plastic. Boots: To be worn in areas where the floors may be wet or slippery, provide protection for the toes if the employee is stepped on.

88. Safety footwear should be inspected prior to each use. Checked for wear and tear at reasonable intervals, looking for cracks or holes, separation of materials, broken buckles or laces. The soles of shoes should be checked for pieces of metal or other embedded items that could present electrical or tripping hazards. Care of protective footwear

89. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Required when employees are in areas where effective engineering controls are not feasible to protect the health of the employee from harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays or vapors Must comply with Standards

90. HOW RESPIRATORY PROTECT Exposure levels exceed the PEL During installation of engineering or work practice controls Maintenance and repair activities that may result in exceeding the PEL Emergency Response where type and/or concentration of contaminant is unknown Voluntary Usage

91. Types of PPE Respiratory protection: Source of photos: OSHA

92. Source of photos: OSHA Types of respirators Air-Purifying (APR) – remove contaminants from air Particulate respirators Chemical cartridge/ gas mask respirator Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR) Types of PPE

93. LUNG DAMAGE Inhalation of hazardous materials damages delicate structures of the lung Damaged lungs are more susceptible to respiratory disease Most direct route to the bloodstream

94. TYPES OF RESPIRATORS Supplied - air Ai r - purifying

95. Mechanical Filter Respirators Not to be worn when situation may include an immediate danger to life or health (IDLH) Protects from particulate contaminants: dusts, mists, or metal fumes Both disposable and reusable masks are available Filters and disposable masks should be replaced when breathing becomes too labored, when the mask loses its shape and no longer seals well to face, or if substance can be smelled or tasted Approved models have two elastic straps that are placed across the crown and neck for a better seal. Look for a "TC" number to be sure it is approved.

96. Chemical Cartridge Respirators Filters out low concentrations of toxic gases and vapors Activated charcoal absorbs contaminants from inhaled air Can also be equipped with particulate filters, (should be worn if exposed to gases, vapors, dusts, or mists) Some cartridges specifically made for use with pesticides. Cartridges should be replaced according to manufacturer's guidelines or when "breakthrough" occurs -- that is, when you begin to smell or taste the contaminant or when dizziness or irritation occurs. Some cartridges last for hours while others last for days. Chemical cartridge respirators should not be worn in areas considered immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH).

97. Body Protection Why is Body Protection Important? The skin acts as a natural barrier to the elements Chemicals can break down the skin barrier and allow secondary infections to manifest

98. Types of PPE Body protection – protective clothing: Source of photos: OSHA

99. Provide protective clothing for those parts of the body exposed to possible injuries Types of body protection Laboratory coats Coveralls Vests Jackets Aprons Surgical gowns Full-body suits Source of photos: OSHA Types of PPE

100. S e l e c t i o n o f bod y p r o t e c t i o n – variety of materials effective against particular hazard Paper-like fiber – dust and splashes Treated wool and cotton – fire- resistant; dust, abrasions, rough/irritating surfaces Duck – cuts, bruises Leather – dry heat, flames Rubber, rubberized fabrics, neoprene, and plastics – certain chemicals and physical hazards Source of photos: OSHA Types of PPE

101. Body Protection Potential Incidences of Body Hazards Temperature stress Exposure to heat (hot metals) or cold (dry ice) which results in burns Chemical Contact Chemical splash Contact with potentially infectious materials Radiation Thunderous blood

102. Body Protection Types of Body PPE Insulated Coats and Pants Fire resistant Heat resistant Cold resistant Sleeves and Aprons Work well when pouring or manipulating chemical to reduce splash Make sure the sleeves and aprons are appropriate for the chemical

103. Fire Suits Features : Designed to protect those who work in high heat industrial situations or in direct contact with fires. Desig n ed to protec t pi p eli n e wor k ers, off sh o re oi l ri g crews, plant operators, industrial workers, fireman, etc.

104. Fire Action Suit Chemical Suits Features: Designed to provide complete protection to the respiratory, sight or skin from hazardous vapors, gases, particulates, sudden splash. Totally encapsulated, vapor tight Chemical Suits (Provision for a SCBA set) with hood, face shield, boots & gloves

105. Safety Body Harness

106. What is fall protection? Fall protection is the backup system planned for a worker who could lose his or her balance at a height, in order to control or eliminate injury potential. Fall protection must be provided when workers are at: 10 feet

107. COMMON FALL HAZARDS Retrieving items from the roofs (e.g. balls, shoes) Cleaning roof gutters Cleaning high windows, fans Changing light bulbs Opening/closing out of reach windows Hanging classroom displays Accessing items on high shelving Easy access to roofs (poor design) Working on roofs Using ladders Working on fragile, slippery or sloping surfaces .

108. Fall Hazard Controls Know the A, B, Cs of Personal Fall Arrest Systems Anchorages Body harness Components (connectors like snap hooks or Dee- rings, connection points, lanyards, deceleration devices, lifelines, etc.) Installed, used, and maintained according to the manufacturer Source: Honeywell/Miller; used with permission.

109. Full Body Harness Inspecting When inspecting a harness, look for: • Cuts, frayed edges or broken stitches in webbing • Discoloration, melted fibers or brittleness due to heat or chemicals • Excessive oil or grease contamination • Cracks, distortions, sharp or rough edges on the harness’ buckles • Rusting on grommets *

110. Equipment Do’s and Don’ts Do inspect for wear and damage before use. Do remove from service after a fall for inspection. Don’t use to lift materials. Don’t attach to guardrails or hoists.

111. Lanyard The lanyard attaches the harness to the anchor. When inspecting lanyards, look for the following: Worn, broken or cut fibers Free of knots Evidence of stretching or loading Excessive oil or grease contamination Cracks, distortion, corrosion or signs of stress on connecting hardware Shock absorber intact Shock absorber is installed at man end, no anchor end Correct length to ensure a fall of no more than one metre *

112. Personal items and apparel that can be a hazard during PPE use: Jewelry, rings Loose clothing Hood strings - hanging items Long hair - not tied back Ear buds for MP3 devices Contact lenses Transition lenses or sun glasses

113. Summary PPE is the last result after the elimination, substitute, engineering and administration. Make sure that employees are using required PPE properly and are following the policies and procedures regarding PPE established at your work place. Have supervisors or lead workers regularly monitor, supervise, reinforce, and enforce the correct use and care of PPE by employees. Provide follow- up training if necessary to ensure that each employee has the adequate skill, knowledge, and ability to use his/her personal protective equipment.