Transmission media (data communication)

Transmission media is the material pathway that connects computers, different kinds of devices and people on a network. It can be compared to a superhighway carrying lots of information. Transmission media uses cables or electromagnetic signals to transmit data.

1. TRANSMISSION MEDIA

2. Guided Transmission media Transmission Media Guided Media Types of Guide d Media Twisted Pair cable Coaxial Cables Optical Fiber Unguided Media Topic Included

3. What is Transmission Media Sending of data from one device to another through Medium is called Transmission Media

4. Guided ( Wired ) Guided transmission media means the data signals are guided along the path like cabling system .

5. Types Of Guided Media Guided ( Wired ) Twisted Pair Coaxial cable Fiber Optics

6. Twisted Pair Wires Consists of two insulated copper wires arranged in a regular spiral pattern to minimize the electromagnetic interference between adjacent pairs Often used at customer facilities and also over distances to carry voice as well as data communications Low frequency transmission medium

7. Types of Twisted Pair STP (shielded twisted pair) the pair is wrapped with metallic foil or braid to insulate the pair from electromagnetic interference UTP (unshielded twisted pair) each wire is insulated with plastic wrap, but the pair is encased in an outer covering

8. Twisted Pair Advantages Inexpensive and readily available Flexible and light weight Easy to work with and install Disadvantages Susceptibility to interference and noise Attenuation problem Relatively low bandwidth (3000Hz)

9. Coaxial Cable (or Coax) Used for cable television, LANs, telephony Has an inner conductor surrounded by a braided mesh Both conductors share a common center axial, hence the term “co-axial”

10. Coax Advantages Higher bandwidth 400 to 600Mhz up to 10,800 voice conversations Can be tapped easily (pros and cons) Much less susceptible to interference than twisted pair Coax Disadvantages High attenuation rate makes it expensive over long distance Bulky

11. FIBER OPTIC Cable Optical fiber consists of a glass core, surrounded by a glass cladding with slightly lower refractive index. In most networks fiber-optic cable is used as the high-speed backbone, and twisted wire and coaxial cable are used to connect the backbone to individual devices.

12. Fiber Optic Layers consists of three concentric sections

13. Fiber Optic Advantages greater capacity (bandwidth of up to 100 Gbps ) smaller size and lighter weight lower attenuation immunity to environmental interference highly secure due to tap difficulty and lack of signal radiation

14. Fiber Optic Disadvantages Expensive to install requires highly skilled installers adding additional nodes is difficult

15. Unguided Media Wireless transmission waves

16. Radio Waves Omnidirectional Antenna Frequencies between 3 KHz and 1 GHz. Are used for multicasts communications, such as radio and television, and paging system.

17. Microwaves 17 frequency between 1 and 300 GHz Micro waves are unidirectional . Very high frequency Micro waves can not penetrate walls . They are used in Cellular phones, satellite networks, wireless LANs.

18. Infrared Frequencies between 300 GHz to 400 THz. Can not penetrate walls. Used for short-range communication Typical uses TV remote control IRD port A re blocked by walls No licenses required

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