Transport system of india

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1. TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF INDIA Geography Lesson-9 A-5 Vijay Kumar & Chotu Sahani 10th STD To- Mr. Dominic Hancock

2. Content Introduction History Road transport Rail transport Water transport Air transport

3. Introduction 'Movement of people and goods from one place to another is called Transport' Transport is an important part of national economy India has a vast transportation system Today we have a wide variety of transport by land, water & air Public transport is the primary mode of transport in India

4. Importance and uses of transport Transport are use in almost every part of the country Transport are used in Agriculture, Industries, Forestry, Fisheries etc. Different way are there for different goods to transport by land, water and air Better utilization of the backward area with the advanced area For removing the tension of transport of goods

5. History Road transport The people used the wheels & animals to transport goods Slowly new vehicles and technics came up Water transport It is known as that the fist ship was built in 4,500 BC in Egypt The people used the ships & crafts for traveling, trade & communication

6. Roads in ancient time

7. Railway The first train in India ran from Red Hills to  Chintadripet bridge in Madras in 1837 this was privet train The first passenger  train in India ran between Bombay and Thane on 16 April 1853 On 3 February 1925, first electric passenger train in India ran between Victoria terminus and Kurla

8. Railway map of India in 1865

9. Railway map of India in 1871

10. Railway map of India in 1909

11. Air transport The fist airplane was built in 1903 in America it was made by Near Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, Orville and Wilbur Wright The British, French and Dutch introduced air transport in 1929-30.

12. Types of land transportation Walking Palanquins Bicycles Human pulled rickshaws Cycles rickshaws Bullock carts Motor Vehicles Railways

13. Modern Transport Road Transport Rail Transport Water Transport Air Transport

14. Road transport Road is the most important way of transport in India today Road carry 90% of passenger & 65% of goods There are 4 types of road National Highway (NH) State Highway (SH) District Roads Village Roads

15. National Highway The main road constructed and maintained by the central government It connects ports, state capitals, industry, and tourist centers It span about 67,000km and handle 40% of road traffic

16. Highway lanes have … Single lanes (width 3.25m) Multi lanes (each have width 3.5m) 14% have 4 or more lanes & 59% have 2 lanes Rest 27% are single laned

17. Highway having 6 lanes

18. NHAI (National Highway Authority of India) Established on 1989 It is responsible for the development, maintenance, and management of national highways It is undertaken development activities under (National Highway Development Project)

19. Golden quadrilateral It is the largest express highway project in India It consists of building 5,846km of 4 & 6 lane expressways connecting Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata & Chennai Advantages It connects many cities & ports It give an important to truck transport throughout in India It helps in industrial growth of small towns It help in transport of agricultural products

20. Disadvantages No proper maintenance It cause to much of traffic which produce to much air pollutions It has multiple check posts

21. Corridor projects Corridor roads are important for economic development There roads are connecting east to west and from north to south The highways are used for transportation of goods in minimum cost and shortest time These projects is gift to industries

22. Industrial corridor projects Delhi- Mumbai industrial corridor (DMIC) Amritsar- Kolkata industrial corridor (AKIC) Bengaluru- Mumbai economic corridor (BMEC) Chennai- Bengaluru industrial corridor (CBIC)

23. Rail Transport Railway is one of the largest way of transport It carries 18 million passengers & 2 million tons of goods a day Railway is one of the world’s largest employer

24. The trains were introduced by the British in 1853 The Indian railways improved a lot after the British time There are 16 railway zones in India There are almost 8000 railway stations in the country About 46% of the railway route is electrified

25. Water transport Water transportation is the intentional movement by water over large distances Water transport is the cheapest and the oldest mode of transport Water transportation is also very common along rivers and oceans It has played a very significant role in bringing different parts of the world closer and is indispensable to foreign trade

26. Uses of water transport It’s use in transport of goods Traveling Sports and fun Defense

27. They safeguard the waterway They are responsible for the ships in the sea They check the transport business & trade

28. Air transport Air transport is the fastest mode of transport It can easily pass across mountains, forests, sandy deserts and buildings It is useful in natural and man-made calamities like floods, famines, epidemics and wars

29. Airports India has total 11 international and 115 domestic airports Main international airports are- Mumbai Sahara and Santa Cruz Delhi Indira Gandhi International airport Kolkata Subhash Chandra Bose Airport Chennai Anna or Meenambakkam Bengaluru Kempegowda

30. Helicopter Helicopters are the only airway transporter that can stay stiff They are used in natural calamities and man made distractions like- flood, earthquake, volcano eruption / wars, missions etc. It is also used for privet traveling

31. Reference https :// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_India Geography of India A history of invention The Aircrafts

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