Trouble shooting electrical defects in ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION

Types of electrical fault

1. GRADE 11(EIM)- FOURTH QUARTER PREPARED BY: RUIBEN REY P. PAULINO

2. Identify each picture if it is AN Open Circuit, Short Circuit, Grounded Circuit or Troubleshoot/troubleshooting. PICTURE BANK

3. Identify each picture if it is AN Open Circuit, Short Circuit, Grounded Circuit or Troubleshoot/troubleshooting.

4. Identify each picture if it is AN Open Circuit, Short Circuit, Grounded Circuit or Troubleshoot/troubleshooting.

5. Identify each picture if it is AN Open Circuit, Short Circuit, Grounded Circuit or Troubleshoot/troubleshooting.

6. “TROUBLESHOOT DEFECTS OF AN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM”

7. Objectives: At the end of a 1hr discussion, the students are expected to: 3.1 Identify defects of an electrical system. 3.2 Repair defects of an electrical system. 3.3 Appreciate the importance of troubleshooting defects in real life application.

8. Group Activity #1– Eye Watch 3 Groups Direction: Watch and observe carefully to the short video clip. The video will be played once only. Answer the question given in every group and discuss it in front of the class.

9. QUESTION: GROUP 1 What is open circuit? GROUP 2 What is short circuit? GROUP 3 What is grounded circuit?

10. “OPEN CIRCUIT” Science Definitio n An electric circuit in which the normal path of current has been interrupted , either by the disconnection of one part of its conducting pathway from another, or by the intervention of an electric component. Electrical Technolo gy Open circuit happens when the conductor or the component breaks or burns out opening the circuit and blocking the electricity the ability to flow .

11. “SHORT CIRCUI T” Physics & Electricity Science A short circuit - occurs when the current finds a way to bypass the appliance on a path that has little or no resistance. Electrical Technology Short circuits - occur when a live wire comes in contact with a neutral wire .

12. REMEMBER: The electric current always prefer to flow in a low or no resistance conductor. Ohms law : Current is inversely proportional to Resistance. If , Resistance - Current And if, Resistance - Current “SHORT CIRCUIT”

13. “GROUNDED CIRCUIT/GROUND FAULT C IRCUIT” The Spruce A ground fault - is a type of fault in which the unintentional pathway of the straying electrical current flows directly to the earth (to the ground) . Electrical Technolog y Grounded circuit - it is when the hot wire (phase) comes in contact with the grounded part or to the ground .

14. In electrical circuit wiring, there are some defects that we encounter at home or even in other places. And those are loose/open circuit, short circuit and grounded circuit. Group Activity #2 - BRIGHT IDEA! (10 minutes) Direction: Each group will give your opinion about the given assigned topic, answer the given question and discuss it in front of the class.

15. Group Activity #2 - BRIGHT IDEA! Group 1 Assigned topic: Possible cause and effect of loose/open circuit. Question : How will you solve or fix the problem on electrical system with a loose/open circuit? Group 2 Assigned topic: Possible cause and effect of short circuit. Question : How will you solve or fix the problem on electrical system with a short circu it? Group 3 Assigned topic: Possible cause and effect of grounded circuit. Question : What action will you be taken to fix the problem on electrical system with a grounded circuit/ground fault?

16. There are so many causes of loose/open circuit. Most common causes: Damage electrical devices and joints. (circuit breaker, switches, outlets, switches). Pest (mouse, insects or rodents ) Human Error (improper installation and lack of preventive maintenance) Here are the effects: Low voltage/voltage dropping and sparks (if loose circuit) Loss of power supply (if open circuit ) Answer: The solution is troubleshooting and repair using tester or multitester and electrical hand tools.

17. Now these are some common causes of short circuit. Defective and substandard electrical devices and wires (nicking wires, receptacle, convenience outlet, aircon outlet and appliances) Pest (mouse, insects or rodents ) Human Error (improper installation, lack of preventive maintenance) And the effects are as follows : Excessive heating Sparks/fir e Loss of power supply in affected branch circuit Answer: The solutions are troubleshooting, repair and proper procedure in installation of electrical wiring system. Use tester or multitester and electrical hand tools .

18. In addition, here are the other causes of ground fault circuit: Wet environment/moist areas (kitchen, laundry, bath room ) Devices (not well insulated joints, defective wires and devices) Weather condition (when accidentally fill with rain water to electrical boxes ) Human Error (improper installation, lack of preventive maintenance And the effects are: Electric shock Heating or damage of electrical d evices Possible cause of h igh electric bill Answer: The solutions are troubleshooting/repair, proper procedure of installation and preventive maintenance. Use tester or multitester and electrical hand tools.

19. Group Activity #3 - LET’S DO IT! ( 10 minutes) Scenario: Super typhoon Odette damaged your home and the electrical wiring system. Direction: Trace, troubleshoot and repair the defects of the electrical circuit caused by super typhoon Odette. Use testers/multitester and electrical hand tools. Follow the given procedure base on figure 1.1 and answer the following questions. Remember: Safety Operating Procedur e Always observe proper use of PPE’s Turn off/isolate the power supply . Always confirm zero voltage.

20. Group Activity #3 - LET’S DO IT! PROCEDURE : Step 1 . Take off the load or the bulb and turn ON the switch. Continuity check point A and point D. Question : Does it have a continuity? If yes, what does it mean? Justify your answer.

21. Group Activity #3 - LET’S DO IT! Step 2 . Conduct continuity check point A and B . Question: Does it have a continuity? If no, what will be the possible defect of the circuit? Justify your answer. Step 3 . Check the continuity of point C and D. Question: Does it have a continuity? If no, what will be the possible defect of the circuit? Justify your answer.

22. Group Activity #3 - LET’S DO IT! Step 4 . Test the continuity of the hot or live conductor and the concrete wall . Question: 4.1 Does it have a continuity? If yes, what will be the possible defect of the circuit? Justify your answer. 4.2 What will be your final conclusion of the electrical circuit do you have? Why ? 4.3 Have you repaired your electrical wiring system? If yes, let’s have a function test. 4.4 How did you feel when troubleshooting and repairing your house electrical wiring system ?

23. Now, in troubleshooting electrical wiring system. What is the first thing you must consider? Why is it important to follow the safety operating procedure? What are the common problems in electrical wiring system? Why is it important to determine the cause and effect of electrical fault? After troubleshooting and repairing your electrical wiring system, how did you feel? Why?

24. G eneralizations and Abstractions In troubleshooting electrical wiring system, the most important thing to consider is our safety. We must follow the safety operating procedure to ensure our safety when dealing with electricity because neglecting the SOP may cause fatal damage or worst, death. Different problems in our electrical system may occur unpredictably but determining its causes and effects helps us to solved it easily in a short period of time and not damaging the other electrical wiring system. Through it, we’re so glad and happy that we can apply and solve competitively the problem in electrical system with confidence.

25. Short Quiz! Multiple choice. 5 minutes. Test: 1 Direction: Get ¼ sheet of paper and answer it correctly write only the letter of the correct answer . _____ 1. This defect is a result of abnormality of flow of current that cause from rain water or a urine of mouses. grounded b. short circuit c. loose/open circuit d. All of the above _____2. What kind of defect does a circuit have when the flow of electricity cannot pass through because some parts of the circuit was cut ? grounded b. short circuit c. loose/open circuit d. All of the above _____ 3. This instrument is used for tracing continuity and electrical defects like short circuit, grounded and open /loose circuit. multi-tester b. ammeter c. voltmeter d. all of the above

26. _____ 4. It is larger than the normal current flow outside the normal current path and it is caused when one hot wire accidentally touches the neutral wire . grounded b. short circuit c. loose/open circuit d. All of the above _______5. What topic did we had today ? Test 2. Enumerate at least 5 common causes of electrical defects.

27. Answers Key: Test I. A. C. A B. TROUBLESHOOT DEFECTS OF AN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM Test II. Any of the following: (5 points) Weather condition Human error Pest or mouse damage Lack of maintenance Loose wire joints Loose wire connectivity of switch, device malfunction Water drops to junction box

28. ASSIGNMENT:(20 points) Draw and illustrate one lamp controlled in three locations using 2 three-way switch and 1 four-way switch in a ½ crosswise intermediate paper.