TTorrefaction and Densification of Calotropis procera stem: An Innovative Approach to Sustainable Bioenergyitle.pptx

Torrefaction and Densification of Calotropis procera stem: An Innovative Approach to Sustainable Bioenergy is the aim of these research

1. Torrefaction and Densification of Calotropis procera stem: An Innovative Approach to Sustainable Bioenergy By Tukur umar gwadangaji Sokoto energy research centre/ usmanu danfodiyo university sokoto 03/07/2024

2. Introduction Background Importance of renewable energy sources Overview of biofuel production Calotropis procera Description of the plant Advantages as a biofuel feedstock Research Objectives Investigate the torrefaction process of Calotropis procera stems Analyze the densification for enhanced biofuel properties

3. Methodology Sample Preparation Collection and preparation of Calotropis procera stems Drying and size reduction techniques Torrefaction Process Definition and importance of torrefaction Equipment and conditions (temperature, time) Densification Process Definition and benefits of densification Methods used (e.g., pelletization , briquetting) Characterization Techniques Proximate and ultimate analysis Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Calorific value determination

4. Results and Discussion (Torrefaction) Torrefaction Outcomes Changes in mass yield and energy yield Improvement in fuel properties (e.g., moisture content, calorific value) Analytical Results Graphs and tables of TGA data Proximate and ultimate analysis results Discussion Comparison with raw material Optimal torrefaction conditions for biofuel production

5. Results and Discussion (Densification) Densification Outcomes Density and durability of pellets/briquettes Energy density improvement Analytical Results Compression strength and abrasion resistance data Comparative analysis with other biomass feedstocks Discussion Impact of densification on transportation and storage Market potential of densified Calotropis procera biofuel

6. Conclusion Summary of Findings Effectiveness of torrefaction and densification processes Improved fuel properties and potential as a biofuel source Implications for Biofuel Production Sustainability and environmental benefits Potential for large-scale application Future Work Further optimization of processes Economic feasibility studies Exploration of other non-edible biomass sources