Types modulation in mobile communication.pptx

Modulation : Analog and digital

1. MANIPUR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, IMPHAL DEPARTMENT OF ECE “MODULATION SCHEME IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK ” NAME: RK AMRITARAJ SINGH ROLL NO: 213008 SEMESTER: 8 th semester

2. CONTENT Introduction Analog Modulation Digital Modulation Comparison of Modulation schemes Applications of Modulation schemes Conclusion References

3. INTRODUCTION Modulation: Modulation is the process of varying a carrier signal’s properties (amplitude, frequency, or phase) to transmit information. Importance of Modulation Enables long-distance communication. Efficient use of bandwidth and noise reduction. Need for Modulation overcomes limitations of direct signal transmission. Reduces antenna size. Facilitates multiplexing. Improves signal quality and resistance to noise.

4. Types of Modulation Analog Modulation Amplitude Modulation (AM) Frequency Modulation (FM) Phase Modulation (PM) Digital Modulation Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Phase Shift Keying (PSK) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)

5. Analog Modulation Techniques Amplitude Modulation (AM) Carrier signal amplitude varies with message signal. Pros: Simple design, low bandwidth. Cons: Sensitive to noise. Applications: Radio broadcasting. Frequency Modulation (FM) Carrier signal frequency varies with message signal. Pros: High noise immunity, better sound quality. Cons: Requires larger bandwidth. Applications: FM radio, audio transmission

6. Phase Modulation (PM) Carrier phase varies with message signal. Pros: High noise immunity. Cons: Complex receiver design. Applications: Data transmission, satellite communication.

7. Digital Modulation Techniques Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Amplitude changes according to the digital signal. Simple, low bandwidth but sensitive to noise. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Frequency changes according to the digital signal. High noise immunity but requires large bandwidth. Phase Shift Keying (PSK) Phase changes according to the digital signal. More complex, high noise immunity. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) Combines ASK and PSK. High data rate but complex receiver.

8. Digital communication

9. Contd. digital communication is concerned with transmission of a  bit stream.  If the signal in the time domain could be viewed, we would see a series of pulses. To convert this to a bit stream, the signal is sliced at time intervals of T and the value at each interval passed through a threshold. For example, if the time domain signal varies from 0 to 1V, and the threshold level is chosen to be 0.5V, the output value can be interpreted as digital bit 1 (> 0.5V) or a 0 (< 0.5V). A common example of digital communication is the exchange of data between 2 computers on a network as shown below. A device called a  modem  converts the digital pulses to a signal suitable for transmission over a communication medium such as radio or telephone. Digital communication over radio include digital television broadcasts (DVB-S2, ISDB etc.) , digital radio (DAB etc.) , GPS systems and mobile phone communication. In the next section, we will talk about how to modulate these bit streams so they can be transmitted over radio waves.

10. Comparison of Modulation Schemes Scheme Complexity Bandwidth Noise Immunity Application AM Low Low Low Radio FM Medium High High Audio, Radio PM High Medium High Satellite ASK Low Low Low Optical Fiber FSK Medium High High Wireless Communication PSK High Medium High Digital TV, Wi-Fi QAM Very High High High Cellular, Modems

11. Applications of Modulation Schemes AM: Radio broadcasting. FM: Audio transmission. PM: Satellite communication. ASK: Optical fiber communication. FSK: Wireless and Bluetooth. PSK: Wi-Fi, DVB. QAM: 4G/5G, cable modems.

12. Conclusion Modulation is essential for communication systems. Different schemes suit different applications. Digital modulation is key for modern high-speed communication. Continuous advancements in modulation for future technologies.

13. References Y. Xu , D. Ma, Y. Fang, L. Lv and Y. Zhou, "Polar-Coded Modulation Schemes for Multiple-Mode OFDM With Index Modulation System," in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters , vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 3668-3672, Dec. 2024, doi : 10.1109/LWC.2024.3485868. R. Huang, J. Xu , Q. Chen, X. Guo and C. Zhou, "An Optimized Asymmetric Modulation Scheme for Three-Phase Buck Rectifier Without Input Current Distortion at the Sector Boundaries," in  IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics , vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 14040-14044, Dec. 2022, doi : 10.1109/TPEL.2022.3197837.  S. Haq , S. Prokash Biswas and M. Kamal Hosain , "Performance Investigation of Different Modulation Schemes for an 11-level NPC Inverter Fed Induction Motor Drive,"  2021 International Conference on Automation, Control and Mechatronics for Industry 4.0 (ACMI) , Rajshahi , Bangladesh, 2021, pp. 1-6, doi : 10.1109/ACMI53878.2021.9528100. M. M. A. and B. Jacob, "A New Space Vector Pulse Density Modulation Scheme for Two-Level Five Phase Induction Motor Drive," in  IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics , vol. 69, no. 12, pp. 12077-12085, Dec. 2022, doi : 10.1109/TIE.2022.3144585.

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