Types of biomes-090417140848-phpapp02.pptx

A biome is a major community of plants and animals,
classified according to its predominant vegetation and
characterized by the adaptations of its organisms to that
particular environment.
Aspects of the physical environment such as
precipitation, temperature, and water depth, have a
strong influence on the traits of species living in that
natural environment, and thus biological communities
experiencing similar environmental conditions often
contain species that have evolved similar
characteristics. Historically however, biomes have been
identified and mapped based on general differences in
vegetation type associated with regional variations in
climate and terrain.
There are four classifications of biomes, these are:
 Terrestrial Biomes
 Freshwater Biomes
 Marine Biomes
 Anthropogenic Biomes
Terrestrial Biomes
Terrestrial biomes characterize ecosystems on land, and
are usually identified by the growth form of the
dominant vegetation, climate, and/or where they are
located on the earth. The major terrestrial biomes
include the tundra biome, the forest biome, the
grassland biome, and the desert biome. Note that
forests and grasslands are defined based on the growth
form of the dominant vegetation whereas deserts are
classified based on the dominant climatic conditions.
The geographic distribution of terrestrial biomes is
mostly influenced by climatic conditions such as rainfall
and temperature.
Tundra Biomes
The tundra biome is the coldest of all biomes. It is also
quite big. The tundra covers about one fifth of the land
on earth. The word tundra comes from a Finnish word
that means treeless plain, which is a good description of
the biome. Tundra biome is located in the Arctic Circle,
which is a circle that surrounds the North Pole, but this
is not the only place we can find freezing cold
temperatures and a few animals. In Antarctica, and
other cold environments, there are areas that can be
described as part of a tundra biome as well.
Characteristics:

Extremely cold climate.

Low biotic diversity.

Simple vegetation structure.

Limitation of drainage.

Short season of growth and reproduction.

Energy and nutrients in the form of dead
organic material.
Forest Biomes
Forest Biomes represent the largest and most
ecologically complex systems. They contain an
assortment of trees, plants, mammals, reptiles,
amphibians, invertebrates, insects and micro-organisms
which vary depending on the zone's climates. Sadly,
boreal and rainforest biomes are being cut down at an
alarming rate, with hundreds of species of plants and
animals disappearing from the planet on a daily basis.
The forest biome occupies about one third of the Earth's
surface and there are three different types of forests
found around the world: tropical forests, temperate
forests and boreal forests.
Tropical Forests
Tropical forests are found near the equator, have superhot temperatures all year long and get up to 80 h

1. A biome is a major region that is characterized by its climate, soil type(s), and the dominant plants, animals, and other organisms that live there. A biome is made up of many individual ecosystems.

2. Types of Biomes Tundra Desert Grassland Coniferous forest Temperate deciduous forest Tropical rainforest

3. Is the temperature of each Biome: Hot, moderate, or cold? Tundra - Desert - Grassland - Coniferous forest - Temperate deciduous forest - Tropical rainforest -

4. Is the temperature of each Biome: Hot, moderate, or cold? Tundra - Cold Desert - Hot Grassland - Moderate Coniferous forest - Cold Temperate deciduous forest - Moderate Tropical rainforest - Hot

5. Climate Weather conditions over a long period of time

6. Latitude and Altitude Affect the Climate Gets colder the higher up you go ( altitude ) Gets colder the farther north/south of the equator you go ( latitude ) Most of food on Earth is grown between 30-60 degrees north and south of the equator -- Do we live in this latitude??--

7. Tundra

8. Tundra Arctic tundra can be found in Antarctica and the North Pole, North of the Arctic Circle. Grass, lichen and herbs Permafrost – layer of soil that is always frozen. Very short warm season that is very wet Many insects during warm season

9. Coniferous Forest

10. Coniferous forest Is one of the most fragile biomes Spruce and Fir trees Found in Northern Hemisphere Growing season very short Nearly constant daylight in summer Many lakes and swamps

11. Temperate Deciduous Forest

12. Temperate Deciduous Forest Climate and amount of sunlight can vary tremendously between each season. Deciduous trees lose their leaves in fall.

13. Grassland

14. Grasslands Grasslands are characterized by their tall, perennial grasses and lack of trees. 2 Types 1. Tropical grasslands: between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, hot year-round, very dry, season of heavy rain. 2. Temperate grasslands: north of the Tropic of Cancer or south of the Tropic of Capricorn, cold winters and hot summers. Cover a quarter of the land on Earth

15. Desert Deserts take up 8.6 million square miles on Earth.

16. Desert Get less than 25 cm of rain each year Has little or no vegetation Driest places on earth Often located on the dry side of mountain ranges

17. Tropical Rainforest

18. Tropical Rainforest Contain over half of the world's plant and animal species live here. All fit into only 7 percent of the world's land. Found in: Central Africa, Southeast Asia, Philippines, New Guinea, Central and South America.

19. Tropical Rainforest Layers: Top – Emergent layer – tallest trees above rest of forest Next – Canopy – top of normal trees Lower canopy – epiphytes – plants that grow on tree trunks – not soil - because light is so far from ground. Understory – lowest level, much darker

20. Climatograms A climatogram is a graph that shows average monthly values for two factors: temperature and precipitation . Temperature is expressed in degrees Celsius and is plotted as a smooth curve. Precipitation values are given in centimeters and are plotted as a histogram .