Types of bullets

Various bullets which are used in ballistics are explained with their composition.

1. TYPES OF BULLETS SUBMITTED BY: DIVYA PATEL SUBMITTED TO: KETAN SIR SVVV, INDORE.

2. BULLET A bullet is a kinetic projectile and the component of firearm ammunition that is expelled from the gun barrel during shooting. Bullets are made of a variety of materials such as copper, lead, steel, polymer, rubber and even wax.

3. Full Metal Jacket (FMJ)   They are usually pointy, round, or even flat.  Wound channels are typically small and go through a target. Great for the range but not preferred for defensive rounds.

4. HOLLOW POINT BULLET Hollow points are made to expand once they hit something.  They are the go-to round for police officers, concealed weapon carriers, and home defence guns because of their stopping power.

5. OPEN TIP BULLETS Open-tip bullets look like hollow points since they have an opening at the top, but this is more because of their manufacturing process.  The openings are too small to expand effectively.

6. BALLISTIC TIP This is what you get when you combine the aerodynamics of an FMJ with the stopping power of a hollow point.  This is a hollow point covered with plastic to mimic the profile of an FMJ.  They are usually used in hunting.

7. SOFT POINT BULLET In soft point bullets, part of the lead is exposed at the tip.  The softer lead is designed to flatten better when the bullet hits a target.  But for the most part, ballistic tips have surpassed the performance of soft points.

8. INCENDIARY BULLET These bullets are made with an explosive or flammable mixture in the tip that is designed to ignite on contact with a target. The intent is to ignite fuel or munitions in the target area, thereby adding to the destructive power of the bullet itself.

9. EXPLODING BULLET Similar to the incendiary bullet, this type of projectile is designed to explode upon hitting a hard surface, preferably the bone of the intended target. Not to be mistaken for cannon shells or grenades with fuse devices, these bullets have only a cavity filled with a small amount of low explosive depending on the velocity and deformation upon impact to detonate. Exploding bullets have been used on various aircraft machine guns and on anti materiel rifles.

10. TRACER BULLET These have a hollow back, filled with a flare material. Usually this is a mixture of magnesium metal, a per chlorate, and strontium salts to yield a bright red color, although other materials providing other colours have also sometimes been used.

11. ARMOR PIERCING BULLET Jacketed designs where the core material is a very hard, high-density metal such as tungsten, tungsten carbide, depleted uranium, or steel.

12. DUM DUM BULLET These are projectiles designed to expand on impact, increasing in diameter to limit penetration and/or produce a larger diameter wound for faster incapacitation.

13. SWAGED LEAD BULLET In ammunition manufacture, swaged bullets are bullets manufactured by compressing metal at room temperature into a die to form it into the shape of a bullet .

14. WIRE PATCHED BULLET A wire patched bullet is a cast lead bullet wrapped with wire on the bearing surface to strengthen the bullet and permit higher velocities without stripping or leading the bore.

15. WADCUTTER BULLET A wadcutter is a special-purpose flat-fronted bullet specifically designed for shooting paper targets, usually at close range.

16. RUBBER BULLET They are intended to be a non-lethal alternative to metal projectiles.

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