Types of colors

This ppt is about types of colours and their uses in interiors

2. There are 10 million colours
identified till now!

3. But why do we need to study
them in Interior?

4. Colours in Interior
•Removes Monotony
•Enhances the beauty
•Establishes the Mood
•Establishes the Personality of the Home
•Colour leaves an impression of our expressions on others

5. Source of
Color
oLight is the Source of the
color.
oOur eyes apprehend the
colorofthereflectedlightas
thecolorofthe object.
oBlack surface absorbs the
entire spectrum.
oWhitesurface reflects all of it.

6. TYPES OF COLOURS

7. PRIMARY
COLOURS
These are colours that cannot
be achieved bymixing any
other colors.
They are coloursin their own .
Three primary colours
RED, YELLOW and BLUE.
Primary colourscan be mixed
together to produce secondary
colors.

8. SECONDARY
COLOURS
•ThreeSecondary
Colours
•Orange, Green,
and Violet
•These colours
areformed bythe
mixing of two
primarycolours.

9. TERTIARY COLOURS
•Six Tertiary Colours
•Red-Orange, Yellow-
Orange, Yellow-Green,
Blue-Green, Blue-Violet,
and Red-Violet
•These are produced by
the mixing of two or
more secondary colours

10. COLOUR
WHEEL

11. TINT
•When you add white to a
hue and raise the value

12. TONES
•When you add grey to a
hue.

13. SHADE
•When you add black to a
hue and lower the value

14. HUE
•Hue is the attribute by which we recognize
and describe a colorsuchas red, yellow,
blue, green etc.
•The difference between red and blue is the
difference in their hue.
•If a person wishes to change the hue of a
colour, he/she will mix it with some of a
neighbouring hue.
•For example: some red and blue will change
it to purple.

15. VALUE
•The degree of lightness or darkness of a
hue in relation to black and white.
•White has the highest value (tint).
•Black has the lowest value (shade).
•Light colours-recede .
•Dark colours-advance.
HIGH
VALUE
LOW
VALUE

16. SATURATION
•Saturation is the intensity/chroma or
purity of colour, i.e. it represents its
brightness or dullness.
•Saturationis the intensity of a hue from
grey tone.
•Saturated colourare often reserved for
small areas like hall-ways or
cloakrooms where people do not spend
more time .
•Less saturated colour are more
suitablefor large areas .
ZERO
SATURATED
HIGH
SATURATED

17. WARM COLOURS
Raise the perceived temperature of a room.
They are used in rooms facing NORTH ,EAST direction .
Warm coloursare used in design to show passion, enthusiasm ,energy and happiness.
As these coloursinspire activities, avoid them in rooms that are meant for relaxation, like
bedroom.
Best for cold climatic regions.
The positive aspects of this are a closer, cozier feeling environment. If you have a large space
that lacks an intimate appeal, consider using colors from this part of the spectrum.

18. COOL COLOURS
Avoid them in cold climatic regions or a
room that receives little natural light as it
makes occupants feel cold.
It can helps us to increases spaciousness of
a room .
These are used in rooms facing SOUTH,
WEST direction .
Cool colour are used in design to show
calm, restful and professionalism

19. LIGHT COLOUR
•Lighter tones are more reflective and
are interpreted as moving away from
us.
•They give us illusion of more space.
•Applying a vibrant colour to a wall
preceded by light colored walls will
create the illusion of a wider room.

20. DARK / BRIGHT COLOUR
•Deeper, darker colours tones reflect less
light and appear closes to us.
•This give us illusion of less space.
•Using bright colourslike
orangeandespecially yellow, they
reflect more light and excessively
stimulate a person’s eyes which can lead
to irritation.

21. Dominant
and Non-
Dominant
Colours

22. Dominant Colours
Primary colours, though, are the most
dominant (followed by secondary,
then tertiary colors) because red, blue
and yellow can't be created by mixing
other colours. The eye also perceives
dominant colours in the foreground of
images and documents. A colour that
is dominant will hold its hue despite
its surroundings.

23. USES OF
DOMINENT
COLOURS
INARCHITECTURE
•Colours and their perceptions are responsible for a series of
conscious and subconscious stimuli in our psycho-
spatialrelationship.
•Colours and their perceptions are responsible for a series of
conscious and subconscious stimuli in our psycho-
spatialrelationship.
•Pastel yellowgives the impression of sunny, friendly, soft. The
message in the interior space is stimulating, brightness, coziness.
Redis arousing, passionate, provocative, fiery, aggressive. The
message in the interior is aggressive, advancing, dominant.
Greenis balancing, natural, calm with the message of simplicity,
security, balance.
Whiteexpresses open, vast, neutral, sterile. The message being
purity, sterile, emptiness,indecisiveness.
•Colour is an integral element of our world, not just in the natural
environment but also in the man-made architecturalenvironment.
•The impression of a colour and the message it conveys is of utmost
importance in creating the psychological mood or ambiance that
supports the function of aspace.

24. USES OF NON DOMINENT
COLOURS INARCHITECTURE
Saturationdetermines the amount ofnon-dominant colourswith
respect to thedominant colours.

25. COLOUR
SCHEMES

26. COMPLEMENTARY
COLOURS
•THESE ARE COLOURS THAT ARE DIRECTLYACROOS FROM EACH OTHER
ON THECOLOURWHEEL.
•THE STRONG CONTRAST BETWEEN THETWO COLOURS MAKES FOR A
SUCCESSFULCOMBINATION.
BLUE & ORANGE
RED & GREEN YELLOW & VIOLET

27. ANALOGOUS COLOIRS
THE ANALOGOUS COLOUR
SCHEME IS ACOMBINATION
OF THREE COLOURSLOCATED
RIGHT NEXT TO EACH
OTHERON THE COLOUR
WHEEL.

28. MONOCHROMATIC
COLOURS
THIS COLOUR SCHEME IS MADE UPOF
TINTS AND SHADE OF SAMECOLOUR.

29. Triad Colour
Schemes
They mean three hues
Evenly spaces on a colour
wheel

30. Square
All 4 Colours spaced Equally

31. Split-
Complementary
Relationship
One hue plus two others equally
spaced from its complement
(neighbor of complementary colour

32. Tetradic All 4 colours arranged into two complimentary pairs

33. Compound Colours
They are the colours containing a mixture of the
three primaries. All the browns, khakis and earth
colours are compund colours.

34. PSYCOLOGY OF COLOUR

35. Psycologicalvalue of a colour is a
very importantaspect .
The colours are instilled with
meaning by the expression of the
total , not bythe colour of individual
parts.

36. ASPECTS OF COLOUR TO
UNDERSTAND THE
PSYCOLOGY
1. COLOURSAFFECTTHE MOOD OF AN INDIVIDUAL
•Colours havea strong effect on emotions. Because of
its emotional effect , is largelyresponsible for
atmosphere of any space.
•Cool colours havequieteninginfluence . on the other
hand warm colours have cheerful,comforting effect .
1. ASPECTS OF COLOUR IN VISION
Yellow has the effect of cheerful gaiety,
optimism in the home. gives a effect of
sunlight.
Blue is associated with water and
sky , gives a cool effect.

37. 2.COLOUR HAS
DIMENSION
•Colour can make an object appear larger
or smaller .
•A light coloured object appears larger
than a dark colouredobject.
•Cool colours carry an illusion of distance
. thus cool colours seem to recede.
•Warm colours seem to advance.
A room can bemade appearoblong withreceding
orcool colours onthree walls andan advancingor
warm colouron the one wallof the room.

38. 3. COLOUR HAS
WEIGHT
•It can make an object appear
lighter or heavier.
•A white coloured object will
appear lighter than a similar
object in dark colour.
•Interiorsdarkcoloursshouldbe
preferredforcarpetingorfor
floormatsandlightercolourssh
ouldbeused athigherlevels.
•white beingthe lightestof all,
usedfor paintingthe ceilings,
gives theimpressionof
beingaway fromthe head.

39. 4. COLOUR HAS
MOVEMENT
•It can make an area of an object appear
nearer or farther away.
•Light blues and violet tend to recedeand
bright.
•Dark reds, yellow or orange appear
toadvance.

40. 5. COLOUR HAS
TEMPRATURE
•A quality of colour ,gives the feeling
ofwarmthand coolness.
•Red / orange / yellow gives the sensation of
warmth , as they areassociated with sun and
fire.
•The temperature of a colour can be changed.
Yellow with green looks cooler
Red with yellow looks warmer

41. 6. EFFECT OF
COLOUR ON
EACH OTHER
•The colours lying opposite to each other in
thecolour chart are called complementary
orcontrasting colours.
•Sometimes, the effect of one colour upon
the another is so strongthat in the eye of
observer non-existent hue will appear,
calledafter image.
•After image is a complement to original hue,
can change theappearance of the colour.
EX-if one look fixedly at a spot of
bright orange colour for about half a
minute then it looks at white surface ,
a bluish green spot will appear on the
white surface.

42. 2. ASPECT OF COLOUR FOR SYMBOLISM
WHITE LIGHT, FAITH AND PURITY, JOY AND GLORY
RED BRAVERY , COURAGE, SACRIFICE
BLUE SIGNIFIES TRUTH , PIETY, SECURITY
BLACK GRIEF AND SORROW
GREEN NATURE, HOPE , YOUTH
PURPLE HIGH RANK , ROYALTY , SACRIFICE
ORANGE STRENGTH AND ENDURANCE
YELLOW HONOUR AND ROYALTY

43. 3.EMOTIONAL
ASPECT OF COLOUR
•It is largely responsible for the atmosphere
of any space.
•It is capable of soothing or irritating,
cheering or depressing, charming or
boring,welcoming or repelling.
•A colour changes its emotional value if its
hue , value or intensity ischanged.

44. Yellow
•It is indispensable, because more
thanany other colour it gives the
effect of light.
•Gives an effect of cheerfulness ,
gaiety,buoyancy, optimism,
exultation,sympathy and
prosperity.

45. ORANGE
•Most vivid hue, possess qualities
ofboth red and yellow, so warm
thatshould be used in small
quantities.
•Expresses energy, spirit,
hope,courage, and cordiality.

46. RED
•Colour of fire and blood ,
associatedwith warmth.
•It is expressive of primitive
passion,war,vigour, power,
movement,aggression, boldness
and love.

47. BLUE
•Colour of clear skies and deep
waterso associated with
coolness.
•Express distance, spaciousness,
andcoldness, dignity,
calmness,reserve,coldness, lack
of sympathy ,etc.

48. GREEN
•Color of nature,
vegetation,associated with
refreshment and allpleasant
things.
•Cool in nature, gives hope and
feelingof wholesomeness.

49. PURPLE
•SOMEWHAT GENTLE AND VAGUE.
•SUGGEST MYSTERY,
DIGNITY,REFLECTING,
MOURNING.

50. BLACK
•Suggest mystery, wisdom, or
sophistication and can
createdramaticeffects.
•In light color scheme it gives
toomuch contrast and make
colorsappear faded.
•In dark color schemes it adds
spiritand interests.

51. WHITE
•Express clarity, serenity,
luxury,peace, honesty, trust.
•Valuable for opportunity,
giveschance to display other
colors.

52. The Munsell
Color System

53. A.H. Munsell worked out a
color system that eleminates
much of the guess work.
•The north pole is white and south pole is
black.
•Munsell found outthat if the hueswere
inproper balance and the sphere were
rotatedupon its nuetral axisat ahigh rate
of speed, the hues would blend together
to form a nuetral grey.

54. Factors Affecting
the Use of Colour
Scheme for Rooms
While planning colour schemes for
the rooms, it is necessary to
consider them for the entire home
as one unit to obtain an unifying
effect.

55. 1. Size & Shape
Small rooms gains spaciousness and appear larger with light, cool and
receding colours in the background and on the furniture too.
On the other hand,the warmadvancingcolours reduce the sizeof
theroomand seem smaller and cramped.
A receding colourschemewill notonly makethelarge roomappear lerger,
but mayalsogive a feelingof beingempty and under-furnished.
Room's shapecan alsobe changed in similar ways-a rectangular roomcan
be madeto appearlike a square oneand squareto the rectangular one

56. 2. Exposure
Room with too much light need dark subdued colours.
The rooms facingwest, southand south-west receivethe
maximum sunlight, and thereforebecome very warm,
especiallyin summers.
Roomsin the easternand northerndirectionreceive
comparativelylesser sunlight. Theserooms are coolespecially in
summers.
To counter this effect, cool coloursin former rooms and warmer
colors in latter rooms should be opted.

57. Other Factors
I.Mood-A delicate feminine room can be done with dusty
pink orpeaches while a masculine room in wine red,
brown or navy blue.
II.Style-The color scheme has to be done in combination
with the style of furniture, house construction and the
items used in the room.
III.Fashion-Draperies, fabrics and curtains are available in a
wide range of colours in modern markets, but large
furnitures are available in limited colours and this may
restrict the colour scheme one desires.

58. Other Factors
•Personality-A person's personality is shaped by her profession, place of living. Such factors
determine a person's personality and choice of colours.
•Use of Room-Theuse ofroom influencesthe colour schemeto a greatextent,
becausecolour can help to emphasize the purposeof the roomin additionto
contributingto itsefficiency and comfort.

59. LIVING ROOM
•It should express cheer and hospitality along with the
restfulness and relaxation.
•Warmcolours are usually the most desirablefor
livingroomsexceptin asummer homeor ina
tropicalhome,where a simplecoolschemesuchas
whitewalls and a blueceilingand floor is refreshing

60. OUTDOOR
LIVING ROOM
•It should employ some of the
indoor colours.
•The exterior of the house and
green of growing plantsmust be
considered whenoutdoor
furnishing are chosen.
•Outdoor colours should befew,
simple, direct, positive and cool.

61. Kitchens
•Cool colous are thought to counteract the
heat of the cooking.
•The colours of thesink,range, refrigerator,
which all should be alike must be the basis
of the collur scheme.
•White and light colours arebest for
thevisibility.

62. Examples

63. COMPLIMENTERYCOLOURS

64. TRIADIC
COLOURS

65. SPLIT-
COMPLEMENTARY
COLOURS

66. HOSPITAL PRIMARY SCHOOL
SOME PLACES HAVE A PARTICULAR AND DEFINED COLOUR SCHEMES

67. LOCAL
CLIMATE
COLOUR EFFECT IN NATURAL LIGHTING.

68. COLOUR IN DESIGN :
CHOICE OF COLOUR IN DESIGN HAS AN OVERWHELMING EFFECT ON THE
WAY A BUILDING IS PRECEIVED BY THOSETHAT VIEW IT, WALK BY IT AND
OCCUPY IT EACH DAY.
DEFINING THE BOUNDARIES OF A WALL OR ROOM, COLOURED
CIRCULATION DRAWS ATTENTION BY ACTIVATINGSTAIRCASES, HALLS AND
PLATFORM.
CHILDREN’S MUSEUM OF THE ARTSTHE SEATTLE CENTRAL LIBRARYTHE TRANQUIL OFFICE

69. Create a perfect spring living room by
choosing one main color and then add
details with the complementary colour.
This is aneasy way to explore bold
colours in your interior.

70. THANKYOU